A diachronic corpus-driven study of the expression of possibility in Luganda (Bantu, JE15)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deo Kawalya ◽  
Koen Bostoen ◽  
Gilles-Maurice de Schryver
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Epistemic Possibility ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Language Data

Abstract This article employs a 4-million-word diachronic corpus to examine how the expression of possibility has evolved in Luganda since the 1890s to the present, by focusing on the language’s three main potential markers -yînz-, -sóból- and -andi-, and their historical interaction. It is shown that while the auxiliary -yînz- originally covered the whole modal subdomain of possibility, the auxiliary -sóból- has steadily taken over the more objective categories of dynamic possibility. Currently, -yînz- first and foremost conveys deontic and epistemic possibility. It still prevails in these more subjective modal categories even though the prefix -andi-, a conditional marker in origin, has started to express epistemic possibility since the 1940s, and -sóból- deontic possibility since the 1970s. More generally, this article demonstrates the potential of corpus linguistics for the study of diachronic semantics beyond language comparison. This is an important achievement in Bantu linguistics, where written language data tend to be young.

scholarly journals Formal terms of reproach in Russian discourse

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
R. I. Shmurak
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Russian Linguistics ◽  
Language Data

This article is concerned with the formal terms of reproach in Russian discourse and the corpus methods of their identification. Theoretically, it builds on the thesis that there are ‘true’ reproaches that can function autonomously in discourse and be adequately understood outside their context. Practically, the article describes the corpus search for formal terms of reproach. Methodologically, it abandons the synthetic outlook of pragmalinguistics, which dominates Russian linguistics, and treats reproach as a strictly linguistic object that has dis­cursive manifestations. This approach uses methods of corpus linguistics, which ‘visualise’ abstract models through arrays of real-life language data.

scholarly journals Talking about writing: What we can learn from conversations between parents and their young children

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH ROBINS ◽  
REBECCA TREIMAN
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Child Language ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Symbol Systems ◽  
Language Data ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Types Of Information

ABSTRACTIn six analyses using the Child Language Data Exchange System known as CHILDES, we explored whether and how parents and their 1.5- to 5-year-old children talk about writing. Parent speech might include information about the similarity between print and speech and about the difference between writing and drawing. Parents could convey similarity between print and speech by using the wordssay,name, andwordto refer to both spoken and written language. Parents could differentiate writing and drawing by making syntactic and semantic distinctions in their discussion of the two symbol systems. Our results indicate that parent speech includes these types of information. However, young children themselves sometimes confuse writing and drawing in their speech.

scholarly journals Introduction: Corpus linguistics and the Nordic languages

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Gisle Andersen ◽  
Daniel Hardt
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Nordic Region ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Current Special Issue

Recent decades of research in linguistics have seen a shift towards empirical methods and an increased use of data from corpora as a basis for making claims about language (Sampson 2005). This trend has made its mark on research on the Nordic languages also, and the current special issue aims to show some of the breadth of research in this field. The issue is in its entirety devoted to contributions that use the methodology of corpus linguistics on Nordic language data. This includes research that investigates both historical and contemporary aspects of the languages of the Nordic region.

scholarly journals Digital corpora: language teaching and learning in the age of big data

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Matt Absalom
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Language Teaching And Learning

What is it? Using corpora to teach languages is nothing new and, while the term corpus linguistics hails from the 1940s, most language learning before the 20th century adopted a corpus approach – using a series of texts in the language under study as a type of corpus on which to base acquisition. With the advent of widespread computing in the latter half of the 20th century, corpora began to be digitised, rendering interrogation of large amounts of data a much simpler and more appealing prospect. Today, languages in all forms (written, spoken, performed, formal, informal, etc.) are captured all the time through online and digital platforms, apps, etc. meaning that the wealth of language data literally at our fingertips is enormous. This has triggered the development of appropriate tools to explore these vast data sets.

scholarly journals LAUGHTER IN WRITTEN SERBIAN LANGUAGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 001
Author(s):  
Jordana Marković ◽  
Violeta Stojičić
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Manner Of Articulation

Laughter is an expression of a person's mood. It belongs to the vocal articulation in humans. In literature (and in dictionaries) sometimes this manner of articulation needs to be depicted in words. Different languages have different inventories of sounds which evoke laughter in written language. In this paper, we discuss the inventory of sounds by which laughter is represented in writing in the Serbian language. Data were compiled from published dictionaries and literary works, and some were obtained through a survey. The data were analyzed to compile the inventory of this function and to record spelling practices and nuances in transcribing various forms of laughter (loud, silent, etc.). 

scholarly journals ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПРОГРАМНОГО ПАКЕТУ R У НАУКОВИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯХ МАЙБУТНІХ ФІЛОЛОГІВ

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 272
Author(s):  
Victoriia V. Zhukovska ◽  
Oleksandr O. Mosiiuk ◽  
Veronika V. Komarenko
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Software Environment ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Text Corpora ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Language Data

Corpus linguistics is a newly emerging field of study in applied linguistics that deals with construction, processing, and exploitation of text corpora. To date, a high-quality analysis of vast amounts of empirical language data provided by computerized corpora is impossible without computer technologies and relevant statistical methods. Therefore, teaching future philologists to effectively apply statistical computer programs is an important stage in their research training. The article discusses the possibilities of using one of the leading in Western linguistics, but not well-known in Ukraine, software packages for statistical data analysis – R statistical software environment – in the research by future philologists. The paper reveals the advantages and disadvantages of this program in comparison with other similar software packages (SPSS and Statistica) and provides Internet links to R self-learn tutorials. The flexibility and efficacy of R for linguistic research are demonstrated on the example of a statistical analysis of the use of hedges in the corpus of academic speech. For novice philologists to properly understand the peculiarities of conducting a statistical linguistic experiment with R, a detailed description of each stage of the study is provided. The statistical verification of hedges in the speech of students and lecturers was carried out using such statistical methods as the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and the Mann-Whitney U Test. The article presents the developed algorithms to calculate the specified tests applying the built-in commands and various specialized library functions, created by R user community to enhance the functionality of this statistical software. Each script for statistical calculations in R is accompanied by a detailed description and interpretation of the results obtained. Further study of the issue will involve a number of activities aimed at raising awareness and improving skills of future philologists in using R statistical software, which is important for their professional development as researchers.

scholarly journals ENGLISH CORPORA RESEARCH: THE MEANING OF CREATIVE AND WRITING CONTEXTS IN IWEB APLICATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Eska Perdana Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Modern Computer Technology ◽  
Broad Approach

Corpus linguistics learns about language with the help of modern computer technology in language data collection. language corpora are one of the important aspects related to langaunge corpora is a matter of copyright, especially if the findings from the corpus will be disseminated through handouts or published in any form.The research explored the field of computational linguistics to find the meaning of Creative Writing Context in online learning during pandemic. Corpus-based research is also considered as a broad approach to qualitative research or as a method for gathering qualitative data. more than 1 million sentences that connect creative words with writing. Broadly speaking, if we are looking for creative words, it will be related to writing.

scholarly journals The Metaphorical Dimensions of VERB-TROUBLE Constructions in a Contrastive Perspective

Initium ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 249-303
Author(s):  
Lajos Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
Wird Eine ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Eine Hohe ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Authentic Language ◽  
Qualitative Part

This paper investigates VERB-TROUBLE constructions in German, English, Hungarian and Chinese in a contrastive way. The aim of this study is to present various metaphorical patterns that underlie constructions involving a troublesome situation, and to show cross-linguistic similarities and differences in the conceptualization of actions or states regarding trouble. In order to observe general tendencies with regard to the preferences for certain metaphorical patterns, I use large generic corpora that contain a vast amount of data from both spoken and written language. In the qualitative part of my investigations, I conduct a thorough analysis on idiomatic and non-idiomatic metaphorical expressions collected from authentic language data. With these methods we could gain new insights into the inter- and intralingual variation of VERB-TROUBLE constructions by comparing conceptual metaphors of various complexity. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden VERB-TROUBLE-Konstruktionen im Deutschen, Englischen, Ungarischen und Chinesischen kontrastiv untersucht. Diese Studie setzt sich zum Ziel, verschiedene metaphorische Muster darzustellen, die eine schwierige Situation zum Ausdruck bringen. Gleichzeitig liegt der Schwerpunkt auf dem zwischensprachlichen Vergleich der Konzeptualisierung von Handlungen oder Zuständen, die sich auf Schwierigkeiten beziehen. Um allgemeine Tendenzen im Hinblick auf die Präferenzen für bestimmte Metaphern nachweisen zu können, werden große einsprachige Korpora verwendet, die eine hohe Anzahl an Belegen aus der geschriebenen und der gesprochenen Sprache enthalten. Im qualitativen Teil meiner Untersuchung wird eine umfassende Analyse der idiomatischen und nicht-idiomatischen metaphorischen Ausdrücke durchgeführt, die auf authentischen Sprachdaten basiert. Mithilfe dieser Methoden habe ich neue Erkenntnissebezüglich der inter- und intralingualen Vielfalt von VERB-TROUBLE-Konstruktionen gewonnen, wobei konzeptuelle Metaphern unterschiedlicher Komplexität verglichen wurden.

scholarly journals Aphasia

Linguistics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Salis ◽  
Jessica Obermeyer ◽  
Susan Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Written Language ◽  
Sentence Production ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Language Deficit ◽  
Wernicke's Aphasia ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Access Problems

Aphasia is a language disorder acquired subsequent to brain damage that affects production and understanding of spoken and written language in varying degrees and patterns associated with the size and site of the lesion (see Symptoms and Neurological Correlates). Written and online examples of aphasic speech are available (see Aphasic Language Data Sets). Brain damage is usually in the left cerebral cortex, with the left temporal and frontal lobes being especially vulnerable (see Symptoms and Neurological Correlates). Profiles of deficits vary in the extent that levels of language, phonology (see Phonemic and Phonetic Characteristics), lexis (see Nouns, Verbs, Closed-Class Words), and syntax (see Sentence Comprehension and Sentence Production) are involved, in varying degrees and patterns, although lexical access problems are found in most types of aphasia. These deficits give rise to problems in connected speech and conversation (see Discourse). Variations in the types of language deficit found in aphasia led to the notion of syndromes and the search for associations between types of language deficits and sites of lesion (see Historical Overviews). Two well-described syndromes are Broca’s and Wernicke’s aphasia. Broca’s aphasia is characterized by syntactic deficits in output but with relatively retained understanding of language. Most experimental research has been in this type of aphasia. In Wernicke’s aphasia, understanding is impaired and lexical semantics are compromised, whereas syntax is relatively intact. Aphasia is found in all languages (see Across Languages) and in children who have passed the early stages of language development and subsequently have impaired language following brain damage.

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