The spread of Putonghua and language attitude changes in Shanghai and Guangzhou, China

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minglang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Indirect Measurement ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Group Solidarity ◽  
Speech Communities ◽  
Language Attitude ◽  
Cross Variety ◽  
Attitude Changes

This study measures languages attitudes of 82 college students in Shanghai and Guangzhou, where language planning has promoted Putonghua (PTH) over local varieties since 1956. Since the 1980s, industrialization, commercialization, and greater demographic mobility have changed what used to be homogeneous local variety speech communities, resulting in greater demand for PTH in cross-variety communication. Do language attitudes change with greater demand for PTH? A direct measurement shows that the Shanghainese and Cantonese are largely similar in language use but differ in language attitudes: instrumental motivation and impressions of stereotyped PTH speakers correlate differently with language use for these groups. An indirect measurement indicates that, because of low social distance, the Shanghainese and Cantonese as whole groups preferred neither PTH nor their respective local varieties, though the Shanghainese females significantly upgraded PTH on both social status and group solidarity, while the Shanghainese males upgraded Shanghainese. These findings do not conform well to the textbook-case dichotomy found in early studies between high and low varieties on the dimensions of social status and solidarity. The nonconforming language attitudes may represent attitude changes amid emerging patterns of language use in these two Pacific cities.

scholarly journals Taalgesindhede teenoor Afrikaans - ’n verkenning vanuit taalteoretiese perspektief

Literator ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Verhoef
Keyword(s):  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Language Planning ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
South African Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
Speech Communities ◽  
Planning Framework ◽  
Problematic Issue ◽  
Language Attitude ◽  
Attitude Issue

Language attitudes towards Afrikaans - a reconnaisance from a theoretical point of viewThe main aim of this article is to investigate the language attitude issue from a viewpoint embedded in the theory of language planning. This study was initiated by the fact that, although the public debate regarding Afrikaans is articulated in a lively way, it seems as if it does not benefit the official status of the language. The statement that this hampering effect on Afrikaans is partially caused by negative language attitudes and a lack of language loyalty by the primary and secondary speech communities serves as point of departure for this article. By looking at language attitudes departing from a theoretical language planning framework, the investigator is enabled to derive scientifically clear conclusions regarding the language attitudes of speech communities. This article also discusses the different components of language attitudes in general and the methodology regarding the investigation of language attitudes. The second part of the article presents a brief discussion of language attitude studies undertaken in South Africa, especially those dealing with Afrikaans. The article concludes with the statement that language planners must give considerable attention to language attitudes and their influence on language planning efforts. When this problematic issue is ignored the outcome of language planning projects will show a low success rate. This is of particular importance for the survival of Afrikaans in the multilingual South African society.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF LANGUAGE USE AND LANGUAGE ATTITUDE ON THE MAINTENANCE OF COMMUNITY LANGUAGES SPOKEN BY MIGRANT STUDENTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leni Amalia Suek
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Class Session ◽  
Language Program ◽  
Migrant Students ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Language Attitude ◽  
Community Language

The maintenance of community languages of migrant students is heavily determined by language use and language attitudes. The superiority of a dominant language over a community language contributes to attitudes of migrant students toward their native languages. When they perceive their native languages as unimportant language, they will reduce the frequency of using that language even though at home domain. Solutions provided for a problem of maintaining community languages should be related to language use and attitudes of community languages, which are developed mostly in two important domains, school and family. Hence, the valorization of community language should be promoted not only in family but also school domains. Several programs such as community language school and community language program can be used for migrant students to practice and use their native languages. Since educational resources such as class session, teachers and government support are limited; family plays significant roles to stimulate positive attitudes toward community language and also to develop the use of native languages.

scholarly journals Pohnpei sohte ehu: A survey- and interview-based approached to language attitudes on Pohnpei

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Rentz
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Language Attitude ◽  
Local Languages

This dissertation provides an analysis of language attitudes of 1.3% of the adult population of the island of Pohnpei in the Federated States of Micronesia. It presents both quantitative survey and qualitative interview data collected July–August 2016 and July–August 2017. The results are situated within a poststructuralist, postcolonial theoretical framework that critically evaluates the colonial history of the island and its ideological effects on language use, as well as highlighting the diversity of opinions found on the island. Because of this framework, the dissertation does not aim to construct a monolithic narrative of language attitudes on Pohnpei, but rather seeks diversity wherever possible. To carry out these goals, the dissertation adapts quantitative methods (multidimensional scaling, cluster analyses, correspondence analysis, and poststratified Bayesian generalized hierarchical modeling) and combines them with critical theoretical tools such as sociolinguistic scale and translanguaging. The results showed two main different ideological groups both in terms of language use and language attitude patterns. Both groups highly value Pohnpeian, English, and other local languages generally. However, the first group values English over Pohnpeian and other local languages. They in general only use Pohnpeian to connect with Pohnpeians and in situations related to the soupeidi system, but use English for most other situations including education, work, media, and government. This group’s language use patterns with scale-based language ideologies, where local levels of scale (such as family and kousapw) are highly multilingual, but become increasingly monolingual as scale increases toward the translocal level. The other group, conversely, finds Pohnpeian to be the most important language for them overall and tend to find Pohnpeian to be the most important language in every domain. The results of the dissertation indicate a disconnect between the current mostly monolingual English-focused educational practices among both private and public schools on Pohnpei and the desire of the research participants for greater use of Pohnpeian and other local languages. The current educational system likewise devalues the symbolic resources of its students, which has perpetuated negative ideologies about local languages. These ideologies adversely affect both the students and the linguistic future of local languages including Pohnpeian.

Language attitudes toward Northeastern Mandarin and Putonghua (PTH) by young professionals

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Young Professionals ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Language Attitude ◽  
Personal Qualities

This study examines the language attitudes of young professionals in three cities in China towards Northeastern Mandarin (NEM) and Putonghua (PTH) (i.e., the standard language in China). It confirms that NEM has lower status as compared to PTH. However, the young professionals in Northeast China rated the NEM speaker higher than the PTH speaker in most qualities, attesting to the empathy and solidarity of native speakers toward their own variety of language. The northeastern professionals also rated the NEM speaker lower in some personal qualities, implying that the northeastern professionals’ awareness of the stereotypes associated with NEM and the prestige associated with PTH. The findings show that language attitude is directly linked to socio-economic status and that speakers of the low variety of a language may develop complicated language attitudes when negotiating their language use and identity in social interaction.

Gender, language attitudes, and language status in Ukraine

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAADA BILANIUK
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Cultural Ideologies ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Attitude Test ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Language Attitude ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Economic Motives

This article examines gender and language in post-Soviet Ukraine, where language laws and turbulent socioeconomic changes are affecting language use. It discusses ideologies of gender, language, and ethnicity in Ukraine and assesses the significance of gender in shaping stances toward three competing languages, Ukrainian, Russian, and English. The analysis focuses on language ideologies and attitudes, based on survey and matched-guise language attitude test data. Two kinds of explanations for the gendered patterning are considered: first, how socialization and cultural ideologies of women's relationship to language shape the attitudes documented; and second, how political/economic forces (differences in possibilities for social power and social advancement linked to language use) lead men and women to benefit from different strategies in their use and valuation of linguistic capital. It is shown that, while sociocultural and political/economic forces reinforce each other in some cases, in others they contradict each other, with economic motives prevailing over cultural paradigms of traditionalism.

scholarly journals Language Use and Language Attitudes of Sumbawanese Speakers in Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-350
Author(s):  
Sebastianus Menggo ◽  
I Made Suastra
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Language Attitude ◽  
Maintenance Model

This study examines the language maintenance model for a local language in another language community, specifically to examine Sumbawanese language maintenance in the Balinese community. This study encompasses 1) the Sumbawanese speakers’ competence of Sumbawanese language; 2) Sumbawanese language use patterns in the Balinese community; 3) language attitudes of Sumbawanese speakers toward their language. This study focuses on Denpasar's several locations, where most of the language interaction occurred, and data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Those data were analyzed by using a software program, namely an excel chart data series. The research subjects were both older and younger Sumbawanese speakers. An analysis of language attitudes also considered the roles of language choice and language change in maintaining cultural diversity and ethnic identity, which will psychologically provide a feeling of assurance in personal linguistic competence. In Sumbawanese speakers, the context of communicating in Balinese society will be thoroughly considered. The findings show that speakers of Sumbawa language have good competence towards Sumbawa language, rarely use Sumbawa language, and have more positive than negative attitudes towards their language. Speakers are stimulated to maintain the frequency of language use and their positive language attitudes to be competent intercultural speakers.  Keywords: Balinese, language use, language attitude, language change, Sumbawanese

scholarly journals LANGUAGE ATTITUDES OF BUGINESE SPEAKERS IN BANDUNG

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusdiansyah Rusdiansyah ◽  
Isnendes Retty
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Minority Languages ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Language Preservation ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Language Attitude ◽  
Language Area

The aim of this study is to explain the shift in Buginese of the students in Bandung.This is related to the students' language attitude towards Buginese. The use and attitude of language in minority languages in the majority language area is one aspect that influences shifting a language. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. Research subjects are students from South Sulawesi who are studying in Bandung who are Bugis speakers. The results of this research show that the pattern of language use is dominated by Indonesian when communicating with friends in their area. Although dominated by Indonesian, the use of the Buginese is still used, though not as much as the use of Indonesian. Their language attitude is very positive towards Buginese, but the facts in the field are different from the language attitude, because they are more dominant in using Indonesian than Buginese. This study concluded that the positive attitude of students towards Buginese had no effect on the use of their Buginese. Language preservation depends on the quality of language use in everyday life. The use of Buginese in students in Bandung is relatively low. Students do not maintain their identity as speakers of the Buginese when communicating with each other, thus causing the Buginese to be displaced by Indonesian.

scholarly journals Sprachnormbezogene Akkommodation in der Hochschullehre

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-62
Author(s):  
Philip C. Vergeiner
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Sociocultural Context ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Rule Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between accommodation processes and social norms in varietal choice within tertiary education in Austria. The investigation consists of (a) a content analysis of metalinguistic statements in semi-structured interviews and (b) a variable rule analysis of actual language variation in university lectures.The findings show that there are norms prescribing that listeners must have at least be able to comprehend a particular variety, whereas accommodation to actual language use does not appear to be required to the same extent. However, the norms depend strongly on group membership: while there is a norm prescribing the use of the standard variety in the presence of speakers of German as a foreign language, there is no such norm for Austrians vis-à-vis people from Germany, although speakers from both groups may lack the ability to understand the respective nonstandard varieties. This difference can be explained by the sociocultural context and differing language attitudes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document