Language and cultural cognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abdel-Raheem ◽  
Mouna Goubaa
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Cultural Cognition ◽  
Visual Depiction ◽  
Cultural Effect

Abstract In this paper, we analyze a large-scale corpus of Arab cartoons to measure the correspondence between grammatical gender in Arabic and personified gender in images. The results show that the effect is very strong for males (a near-perfect relationship between the two, grammatical and visual depiction), but the reverse is the case for females (the grammatical description is almost the opposite in perceived meaning of the graphical depiction). It can be a substantive cartoon effect. That is, there is more ambiguity in images depicting females due to some implicit cultural effect (i.e., males/gendered maleness dominates even in the text in ‘male-centric’ cultures). We look at the implications of this androcentric behavior for understanding the complex set of relationships linking language, thought, and culture. Such research will aid both gender studies and cognition scholarship based on multimodal stimuli.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Loporcaro
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Cognitive Neuropsychology ◽  
Gender System ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Morphosyntactic Feature

‘Gender’ is a manifold notion, at the crossroads between sociology, biology, and linguistics. The Introduction delimits the scope of linguistic (or grammatical) gender, which is an inherent morphosyntactic feature of nouns in about half of the world’s languages, introducing the definitions and notions which the present work utilizes to investigate gender. While focusing on grammar, this study has implications far beyond (e.g. for gender studies), and capitalizes on findings from other disciplines, such as cognitive neuropsychology. The chapter introduces the basic aim of the monograph, which intends to account for the steps through which the Latin three-gender system was reshaped into the binary systems shared today by most standard Romance languages (Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, French, and Italian). One crucial definitional tool, highlighted in this chapter, is the distinction between target and controller genders: the two need not coincide everywhere, and mismatches between the two may arise—and did arise in Romance—through change.

phrases the adjective is generally given in its inflected form (e.g. ursprüngliches Sein instead of ursprüngliche Sein, das). As far as possible in German, gender markers are also attributed to Greek, Latin and Asian terms. Note that these do not always agree with the grammatical gender of the nouns in the languages of origin but refer to the gender attributed to the entries in German, which are generally rendered in italics (e.g. die lex naturalis) to indicate that German principles of capitalization are not complied with. In accordance with the publisher's guidelines and the fact that grammatical and nat-ural gender do not always correspond (cf. die Person referring to woman and man alike), the suffix -in is not added to the entries where the object of reference might also be female (as in Logiker). As the use of the suffix -in is not consistent, the en-tries would have tended to confuse the non-native. We considered it more important to include the specific terminology of feminist philosophy and gender studies. - Order of translations: If more than one translation is provided these occur in a weighted order, the most accurate or most frequently used form being listed first. Entries including a slash indicate ordered sets of alternatives, e.g. Grenzbegriff m • limit(ing)/boundary/marginal concept/notion would have to be read as limit(ing) or boundary or marginal concept; limit(ing) or boundary or marginal notion. The hy-phenated alternatives should be read as follows: normal/bell-shaped distribution is to

2013 ◽  
pp. 11-11
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Feminist Philosophy ◽  
Ordered Sets ◽  
Inflected Form ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals The Development of gender studies in the World and in Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
S. Adygezalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
World View ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Gender Research ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Culture Of Peace ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Polar Opposite

The large-scale development of gender research in the world took place in the 1960s. These studies in the post-Soviet space made serious changes in the world view, philosophy and social knowledge, which experienced a deep crisis after the collapse of the Marxist-Leninist methodology. In philosophy, a new era of postmodernism began, in which gender studies, along with synergy, ecology, a culture of peace and other non-classical directions, laid the foundations for the newest directions of knowledge. The development of the «second nature» - culture until today permanently carries out the process of segregation of women and men, establishing temporary norms of their behavior, consolidating certain values, in general worldviews of the two sexes, which differ significantly from each other, sometimes reaching a polar opposite. In this regard, gender relationships and roles often fit into the pattern of binary opposition, widely represented in historical types of knowledge, in different social and humanitarian sciences. In this context, it is possible to imagine an initial, somewhat simplified definition of gender, which should be understood as the scientific and philosophical direction of research into the totality and characteristics of the behaviour, roles and values of men and women in each particular society. The paper attempts to reconstruct the nodal moments of history, theory, methodology and practice of gender philosophy development in the world and Azerbaijan. The method of research in the article is selected historical and philosophical analysis. The scientific novelty consists in reconstruction of the stages of transformation of world feminism into gender research, summing up the results of the first stage of gender research development in Azerbaijan and determining the essential features of its second stage. The author believes that the first phase, which was educational and feminist, has now been completed. On the basis of the analysis undertaken, it is stated that the forthcoming second stage in Azerbaijan will involve a shift to a gender approach and a study of men ‘s issues, with a view to determining the necessary procedures for the establishment of true gender equality.

scholarly journals Grammatical gender and stereotypical gender associations with inanimate nouns in the ‘Germanic sandwich’

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 195-213
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Czerwonka-Wajda ◽  
Dorota Klimek-Jankowska ◽  
Edyta Błachut ◽  
Joanna Błaszczak ◽  
Anna Borkowska
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Grammatical Gender ◽  
Decisive Factor ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Feminine Gender ◽  
Street Lamp ◽  
The Impact

This pilot study is a contribution to the theoretical debate on the impact language has on general cognition. More specifically, we applied a Word Sketch collocator (an innovative NLP tool operating on large-scale corpora) to collect human adjective collocations of masculine, feminine, and neuter inanimate nouns in German, Dutch, and English to see whether there is a correlation between the grammatical genders of inanimate nouns and the adjective collocations most frequently used to describe those nouns. Later, in a series of online questionnaires, we examined the impact of grammatical gender and stereotypical gender associations on the perception of inanimate nouns (e.g., street, lamp, bottle) by testing the gender associations of their human adjective collocations obtained from the Word Sketch collocator in German (a grammatical gender language), Dutch (a language with a combination of grammatical gender and natural gender), and English (a natural gender language). In German, the results show that grammatical gender alone is not a decisive factor in causing masculine or feminine gender associations of inanimate nouns. Rather, it is the combination of grammatical gender and stereotypical gender associations of nouns that plays a role. In English, nouns associated with neutral, masculine and even feminine gender had significantly more neutral adjectival associations. In Dutch, nouns with common and neuter gender resulted in a higher proportion of masculine adjectival associations because these nouns are mostly referred to with common and masculine pronouns. We observed a special role played by stereotypical feminine associations of nouns in German, Dutch, and English.

scholarly journals Gateway illusion or cultural cognition confusion?

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (05) ◽  
pp. A04 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander van der Linden ◽  
Anthony Leiserowitz ◽  
Edward Maibach
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultural Cognition ◽  
Public Action ◽  
Scientific Consensus ◽  
Indirect Influence ◽  
Mediating Variables ◽  
Belief Model

In this paper, we respond to the critiques presented by [Kahan, 2017]. Contrary to claims that the scientific consensus message did not significantly influence the key mediator and outcome variables in our model, we show that the experiment in [van der Linden et al., 2015] did in fact directly influence key beliefs about climate change. We also clarify that the Gateway Belief Model (GBM) is theoretically well-specified, empirically sound, and as hypothesized, the consensus message exerts a significant indirect influence on support for public action through the mediating variables. We support our conclusions with a large-scale replication.

Some comments about observations and image processing of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 243-248
Author(s):  
D. Kubáček ◽  
A. Galád ◽  
A. Pravda
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Harvard College ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Short Period Comet ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Harvard College Observatory ◽  
Period Comet

AbstractUnusual short-period comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 inspired many observers to explain its unpredictable outbursts. In this paper large scale structures and features from the inner part of the coma in time periods around outbursts are studied. CCD images were taken at Whipple Observatory, Mt. Hopkins, in 1989 and at Astronomical Observatory, Modra, from 1995 to 1998. Photographic plates of the comet were taken at Harvard College Observatory, Oak Ridge, from 1974 to 1982. The latter were digitized at first to apply the same techniques of image processing for optimizing the visibility of features in the coma during outbursts. Outbursts and coma structures show various shapes.

Evolution of Large-Scale Coronal Structures

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
P. Ambrož
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Field Line ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Coronal Magnetic Field ◽  
Source Surface ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Characteristic Relationship ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractThe large-scale coronal structures observed during the sporadically visible solar eclipses were compared with the numerically extrapolated field-line structures of coronal magnetic field. A characteristic relationship between the observed structures of coronal plasma and the magnetic field line configurations was determined. The long-term evolution of large scale coronal structures inferred from photospheric magnetic observations in the course of 11- and 22-year solar cycles is described.Some known parameters, such as the source surface radius, or coronal rotation rate are discussed and actually interpreted. A relation between the large-scale photospheric magnetic field evolution and the coronal structure rearrangement is demonstrated.

Large-scale Motion of Solar Filaments

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Pavel Ambrož ◽  
Alfred Schroll
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Proper Motion ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Solar Filaments ◽  
General Movement ◽  
Scale Motion ◽  
Velocity Scatter

AbstractPrecise measurements of heliographic position of solar filaments were used for determination of the proper motion of solar filaments on the time-scale of days. The filaments have a tendency to make a shaking or waving of the external structure and to make a general movement of whole filament body, coinciding with the transport of the magnetic flux in the photosphere. The velocity scatter of individual measured points is about one order higher than the accuracy of measurements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document