scholarly journals The epistemization of person markers in reported speech

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Widmer ◽  
Marius Zemp
Keyword(s):  
Reported Speech ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Person Agreement ◽  
Interrogative Clauses

Egophoricity is a cross-linguistically rare grammatical phenomenon. While numerous descriptive studies have substantially improved our synchronic understanding of the category in recent years, we are still largely ignorant of the diachronic origins of egophoricity systems. In this article, we address this gap and discuss a diachronic process that transforms person agreement markers into egophoricity markers. Based on evidence from three Tibeto-Burman languages, we reconstruct the diachronic transformation and argue that the process starts out in reported speech clauses once the direct construal of the predicate is generalized. This generalization allows for the functional reanalysis of first and third person markers as egophoric and allophoric markers, while second person markers become functionally obsolete. Once person markers have undergone an epistemization in reported speech clauses, the innovative epistemic system is extended to simple declarative and interrogative clauses, where it gradually replaces the conservative person agreement system.

scholarly journals Knowing me, knowing you: perspectives on awareness in autism

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Yuill ◽  
Sarah Parsons ◽  
Judith Good ◽  
Mark Brosnan
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Human Variation ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Autism Research ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Research Questions

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to raise important questions from the different perspectives on autism research that arose from a seminar on autism and technology, held as part of an ESRC-funded series on innovative technologies for autism. Design/methodology/approach – The paper focuses on the roles of technology in understanding questions about different perspectives on autism: how do people on the spectrum see neurotypicals (people without autism) and vice versa?; how do the authors use eye gaze differently from each other?; how might technology influence what is looked at and how the authors measure this?; what differences might there be in how people use imitation of others?; and finally, how should the authors study and treat any differences? Findings – The authors synthesise common themes from invited talks and responses. The audience discussions highlighted the ways in which the authors take account of human variation, how the authors can understand the perspective of another, particularly across third-person and second-person approaches in research, and how researchers and stakeholders engage with each other. Originality/value – The authors argue that the question of perspectives is important for considering how people with autism and neurotypical people interact in everyday contexts, and how researchers frame their research questions and methods. The authors propose that stakeholders and researchers can fruitfully engage directly in discussions of research, in ways that benefit both research and practice.

scholarly journals Experimenting with imposters: what modulates choice of person agreement in pronouns?

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 505-521
Author(s):  
Elsi Kaiser ◽  
Justin Nichols ◽  
Catherine Wang
Keyword(s):  
First Person ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Syntactic Approach ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Person Agreement ◽  
Self Reference ◽  
Processing Factors ◽  
Shed Light

Imposters are grammatically third-person expressions used to refer to the firstpersonspeaker or second-person addressee (e.g. ‘the present authors’ when used to refer tothe first-person writer, ‘Mommy’ or ‘Daddy’ when used by parents for self-reference inchild-directed speech). Current analyses of imposters differ in whether they derive theunusual referential properties of imposters using syntactic means or attribute them tosemantic and pragmatics. We aim to shed light on these competing approaches by means of apsycholinguistic experiment focusing on first-person imposters that investigates the kinds ofpronouns (first-person vs. third-person) used to refer to imposter antecedents. Our resultsshow that manipulating the prominence of the first-person speaker does not significantlyboost the acceptability of first-person pronouns in imposter-referring contexts. However, ourresults suggest that a purely syntactic approach may not be sufficient either, aspsycholinguistic processing factors also appear to be relevant.Keywords: person agreement, agreement mismatch, pronoun, imposters, psycholinguistics,accessibility, prominence.

Dargwa

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-200
Author(s):  
Nina Sumbatova
Keyword(s):  
Second Person ◽  
Verbal System ◽  
Dialectal Variation ◽  
Person Plural ◽  
Separate Branch ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Person Agreement ◽  
The Third Person ◽  
Free Word

This chapter is a description of Dargwa based on the data of the Tanti dialect. Dargwa, which is spoken in Central Dagestan, constitutes a separate branch of the Nakh-Dagestanian family. Dargwa is known for its dialectal variation: many researchers believe that it should be treated as a language group. Nouns in Dargwa have the category of gender (in the singular: masculine–feminine–neuter, in the plural: first/second person plural–human–non-human). Nominal forms are derived from two stems, direct and oblique, in both singular and plural. The nominal system includes five to seven forms of non-locative cases and a number of locative (spatial) forms opposed as to localization, orientation, and, in some dialects, direction. Most verbal roots have a perfective and an imperfective form within a single verbal paradigm. The verbal system is also rich with multiple TAM-paradigms and non-finite forms (participles, convers, deverbal nouns). An important syntactic feature of Dargwa is a well-developed system of person agreement with a typologically rare opposition of the second person singular versus first person (singular and plural) + second person plural (the third person is usually unmarked). Like other Nakh-Dagestanian languages, Dargwa is morphologically ergative, left-branching (SOV), with free word order. Clause coordination is relatively rare, most dependent clauses are headed by non-finite verb forms.

AN ANALYSIS DEIXIS IN “NOM NOM’S ENTOURAGE” MANUSCRIPT ON WE ARE BARE BEARS MOVIE SEASON

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Arni Rahmah Wasdili ◽  
Iman Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Social Differences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Social Deixis ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The tittle of this research is An AnalysisDeixis in “Nom nom’s Entourage” Manuscript on We are Bare BearsMovie Seaso. Deixis is one of branch from pragmatics that shown relation between language and context in that language it self. The aim from this research is to know and identify the type of deixis in Nom nom’s Entourage movie season. That have some steps to collecting the data firs is watching the We Are Bare Bears movie season with Nom nom’s Entourage title. Second is reading the script of that movie. Third, selecting and collect the data. Fourth is classifying the type of deixis and the last is produce the conclution. This research using descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data. The result from this research is that have five type of deixis there are person deixis, time deixis, place deixis, social deixis and discourse deixis. Person deixis divided to three part there are firs person as speaker, second person as hearer and third person as other, with 195 word in that movie. Time deixis shows a certain period of time, consist of 10 word in that movie. Place deixis describe the location in a conversation, consist of  26 word in that movie. Social deixis is show how the social differences when talking with other, consist of 18 word in that movie. Discourse deixis is show deitic expressions which point to prior succeeding parts of the discourse with 4 word in that movie. Keywords:  Pragmatics, Deixis, Movie

Characterizing response quantity on academic social Q&A sites: a multidiscipline comparison of linguistic characteristics of questions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Anrunze Li ◽  
Xue Song ◽  
Xinran Li ◽  
Kun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Function Words ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Five Disciplines ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Academic Communication ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeAs academic social Q&A networking websites become more popular, scholars are increasingly using them to meet their information needs by asking academic questions. However, compared with other types of social media, scholars are less active on these sites, resulting in a lower response quantity for some questions. This paper explores the factors that help explain how to ask questions that generate more responses and examines the impact of different disciplines on response quantity.Design/methodology/approachThe study examines 1,968 questions in five disciplines on the academic social Q&A platform ResearchGate Q&A and explores how the linguistic characteristics of these questions affect the number of responses. It uses a range of methods to statistically analyze the relationship between these linguistic characteristics and the number of responses, and conducts comparisons between disciplines.FindingsThe findings indicate that some linguistic characteristics, such as sadness, positive emotion and second-person pronouns, have a positive effect on response quantity; conversely, a high level of function words and first-person pronouns has a negative effect. However, the impacts of these linguistic characteristics vary across disciplines.Originality/valueThis study provides support for academic social Q&A platforms to assist scholars in asking richer questions that are likely to generate more answers across disciplines, thereby promoting improved academic communication among scholars.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS USING “BEAUTY AND THE BEAST” MOVIE SCRIPT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Elisa Fadlilah ◽  
Rika Septyani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
First Person ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Beauty And The Beast ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Movie Script ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study deals with the English deixis. The objectives of this study are to analyze type of deixis and to find out the frequency of each deixis in the movie entitled Beauty and The Beast. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative research. The source of data was taken from the movie script of Beauty and The Beast. Documentary technique is used in collecting data. The findings showed that there are three types of deixis found in the Beauty and The Beast movie script and there are nine frequencies of deixis, namely person deixis in greater occurrences than another. Type of person deixis is used 128 times or (84,21%), which consists of first person used 53 times or (34,86 %), second person used 52 times or (34,21 %), and third person used 23 times or (15,13 %). The next, spatial (place) deixis is used 12 times or (7,89 %) and the last, temporal (time) deixis is used 12 times or (7,89 %) which consists of present used 5 times or (3,28 %), past used 5 times or (3,28 %), future used 2 times or (1,31 %). The least frequently used by the Beast in Beauty and the Beast Speech film`s dialogue was first person deixis used 53 times or (34,86 %). Keywords:  Pragmatic, Movie,  Deixis

AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS EXISTED ON ARTICLES AT JAKARTA POST

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-169
Author(s):  
Maria Ramasari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Information Research ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Participant Role ◽  
The Moment

The use of deixis on every language has different forms including English because of the various different context, such as grammatical rules and also background of culture or custom in society. This research is conducted to identify and analyze the forms of Deixis existed on Articles at Jakarta Post as contextual information. Research method of analyzing data used was descriptive qualitative research. Human instrument and text analysis are used as instruments of collecting data. Based on the data analyzed, it was found that pronoun of person deixis was most frequently used (existed) as second person deixis, third person deixis, possessive personal plural person deixis, and reflective personal person deixis that was used as reference to participant role of a referent for describing the speaker, the addressee and referent which are neither speaker nor addressee in written forms. In addition, the deixis with focus on time was also existed on Jakarta Post’s articles as the moment of utterance which is the coding time (the time of utterance conveyed by informants) and receiving time (the time of recovery of information by the hearer who got the information). The deixis of place that was existed on articles of Jakarta Post, was deictic reference to describe the current locations of informants indicated.

Introduction to the Special Issue on First-Person Methods in HCI

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Audrey Desjardins ◽  
Oscar Tomico ◽  
Andrés Lucero ◽  
Marta E. Cecchinato ◽  
Carman Neustaedter
Keyword(s):  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
First Person ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Third Person ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Computer Interaction

In this introduction to the special issue on First-Person Methods in (Human-Computer Interaction) HCI, we present a brief overview of first-person methods, their origin, and their use in Human-Computer Interaction. We also detail the difference between first-person methods, second-person, and third-person methods, as a way to guide the reader when engaging the special issue articles. We articulate our motivation for putting together this special issue: we wanted a collection of works that would allow HCI researchers to develop further, define, and outline practices, techniques and implications of first-person methods. We trace links between the articles in this special issue and conclude with questions and directions for future work in this methodological space: working with boundaries, risk, and accountability.

The nominal system

2019 ◽  
pp. 58-101
Author(s):  
D. Gary Miller
Keyword(s):  
Negative Polarity ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Nominal System ◽  
The Third ◽  
Case System ◽  
System P ◽  
Local Case ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Syntactic Status ◽  
The Third Person

Nouns are inflected for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter), number (singular and plural), and case: nominative, accusative, genitive, dative. Except in -u- stems, the vocative has the form of the accusative and/or is syncretized with the nominative. Demonstratives and pronominals have a residual instrumental, e.g. þe (by this), and ablative, e.g. jáinþro (from there). Adjectives are similarly inflected but also have strong and weak forms. Comparatives and nonpast participles are weak. The precise syntactic status of D-words (demonstratives, determiners, and articles) is impossible to test. Personal pronouns of the first and second person are inflected for singular, plural, and dual, and have no gender distinction. The third person pronoun has all three genders but only singular and plural number. Interrogative and indefinite pronouns are morphologically identical. Gothic has a rich negative polarity system. Numerals are partly inflected and partly indeclinable. Deictic adverbs belong to an old local case system.

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