scholarly journals Effect of fasting and of methionine deficiency on L-methionine, DL-methionine and DL-2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid metabolism in broiler chicks

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Linda Saunderson
Keyword(s):  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
C Protein ◽  
Methionine Deficiency ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Liver Tissues

1. Metabolism of L-[1-14C]methionine, DL-[l-14C]methionine and DL-[ 1-14C]2-hydroxy-4-methylthiobutanoic acid (DL-HMB) by broiler chicks which had been fasted overnight or given a methionine-deficient diet was compared with fed (control) birds.2. The excretion of 14C-labelled material, total 14CO2 exhaled, 14C incorporation into tissue proteins and the 14C-labelled material in perchloric-acid-soluble tissue fractions were measured 6 h after injection of the 14C-labelled materials.3. The incorporation of 14C into tissue proteins and the relative rates of conversion of D-methionine and DL-HMB to L-methionine in tissues under different nutritional regimens were compared using protein-bound 14C:protein-free 14C values.4. Fasted birds exhaled more 14CO2 than control birds but excreted less 14C, while methionine-deficient birds behaved very similarly to the control animals in these respects.5. Fasted birds incorporated much less 14C into proteins of tissues other than liver and kidney from all three labelled tracers. The values for protein-bound 14C: protein-free 14C were lower in all tissues.6. Methionine-deficient birds had similar levels of 14C in tissue proteins but lower values for protein bound 14C: protein-free 14C.7. Examination of the values for protein-bound 14C:protein-free 14C suggest that brain and probably liver tissues from fasted and methionine-deficient birds showed improved rates of conversion of D-methionine and DL-HMB to L-methionine compared with control animals.

Effect of Riboflavin Deficiency on the Metabolism of Oxypurines in Chicks

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1059-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Uric Acid Concentration ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Riboflavin Deficient

Day-old broiler chicks of both sexes were used in three experiments to determine the effect of riboflavin deficiency on oxypurine metabolism catalyzed by xanthine dehydrogenase, a riboflavin-containing enzyme. Chicks fed a riboflavin-deficient diet (1.38 mg/kg) for 3 weeks exhibited depressed growth and a high incidence of curled-toe paralysis (higher than 80%) as compared to control chicks (15.1 mg riboflavin per kilogram diet; no incidence of curled-toe paralysis). In addition, the precursors of uric acid, hypoxanthine and/or xanthine, accumulated in the liver and kidney of deficient chicks showing curled-toe paralysis. These observations show that dietary riboflavin being incorporated into xanthine dehydrogenase is essential for oxypurine metabolism. Moreover in the chick, the liver and the kidney may be important sites of uric acid synthesis. The low uric acid concentration in the plasma of the deficient chicks appeared to be indicative of a disturbance in uric acid synthesis in the liver and kidney.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF METHIONINE DEFICIENCY ON AMINO ACID METABOLISM IN THE RAT

1950 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-385
Author(s):  
A.E. Denton ◽  
J.N. Williams ◽  
C.A. Elvehjem
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Methionine Deficiency

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Toxicity Induced by Psoraleae Fructus in Rats Using Untargeted Metabonomic Method Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Xu ◽  
Yiwei Zhao ◽  
Jiabin Xie ◽  
Xue Sheng ◽  
Yubo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Rat Plasma ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Kidney Toxicity ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Tof Ms

Psoraleae Fructus is the dry and mature fruit of leguminous plant Psoralea corylifolia L., with the activity of warming kidney and enhancing yang, warming spleen, and other effects. However, large doses can cause liver and kidney toxicity. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the toxicity of Psoraleae Fructus systematically. Although traditional biochemical indicators and pathological tests have been used to evaluate the safety of drug, these methods lack sensitivity and specificity, so a fast and sensitive analytical method is urgently needed. In this study, an ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method was used to analyze the metabolic profiles of rat plasma. The changes of metabolites in plasma samples were detected by partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Compared with the control group, after 7 days of administration, the pathological sections showed liver and kidney toxicity, and the metabolic trend was changed. Finally, 13 potential biomarkers related to the toxicity of Psoraleae Fructus were screened. The metabolic pathways involved were glycerol phospholipids metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, and so forth. The discovery of these biomarkers laid a foundation for better explaining the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of Psoraleae Fructus and provided a guarantee for its safety evaluation.

scholarly journals PSVII-19 Transcriptomic analysis of the liver of laying hens fed diets containing supplemental fat at early laying stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 353-353
Author(s):  
Gi Ppeum Han ◽  
Geun Hyeon Park ◽  
Jong Hyuk Kim ◽  
Hyeon Seok Choi ◽  
Hwan Ku Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Transcriptomic Analysis ◽  
Cdna Libraries ◽  
Feeding Diets ◽  
Supplemental Fat ◽  
Liver Tissues

Abstract Feeding diets containing supplemental fat to laying hens is reported to ameliorate pathogenesis of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS). However, molecular mechanisms for this positive effect have not been investigated. Thus, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis of the liver of laying hens fed diets containing supplemental fat at early laying stages. Two dietary treatments included basal diets with no supplemental fat and basal diets supplemented with 3.0% tallow. A total of 256 18-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were allotted to 1 of 2 treatments. Diets were fed to hens for 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment (30 weeks of age), 5 hens with similar BW per treatment were euthanized to collect liver tissues. The cDNA libraries were constructed with extracted RNA from the liver tissues, and sequenced using the Illumina Nextseq 500 sequencer. Genes with False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.05 were defined as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Results indicated that a total of 951 DEGs were identified, with 483 being up-regulated and 468 being down-regulated in the liver of hens fed diets containing 3.0% tallow. The KEGG analysis revealed that the DEGs belong to several biological pathways such as cellular signaling pathways, carbon metabolism, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, drug metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Especially for fatty acid metabolism, the DEGs associated with fatty acid degradation (ECI2, ACSL1, HADHA, EHHADH, ACOX1, CPT1) were up-regulated, whereas those related to fatty acid synthesis (ACACA, ACSL5, FASN) were down-regulated in the liver of hens fed diets containing 3.0% tallow, which indicates that supplemental fat in diets may increase fat oxidation but decrease fat synthesis in the liver. These results provide the molecular insights for hepatic lipid metabolisms by feeding diets containing supplemental fat to laying hens at early laying stages.

Novel Second Generation Platinum Containing Antineoplastic Agents Ssp, Sap, and Poly-Plat and Their Effect on Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Ec 1.1.1.49) in the Liver and Kidney of Male Wistar Rats.

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 57-58
Author(s):  
T. P. Multhaupt ◽  
S.K. Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Antineoplastic Agents ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Normal Kidney ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Liver Tissues

Poly-(trans-l,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinumj-carboxyamylose (Poly-Plat); 5-SuIfosalicylato-trans-(l,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum (SSP); and 4-Hydroxy-a-sulfonylphenylacetato (trans 1,2-diaminocyclohexane) platinum (II) (SAP) (Andrulis Pharmaceuticals, Bethesda, MD) are three novel second generation platinum containing antineoplastic compounds. Initial studies indicate that these agents are more effective in the treatment of cancer while at the same time less toxic to the organism as a whole than cisplatin (CDDP). The present study was undertaken to examine the effects of these new compounds on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) as compared to CDDP treated and normal kidney and liver tissues.Wistar rats (100-120g) were given intraperitoneal injections of CDDP (9 mg/ kg) and Poly-Plat, SSP and SAP (10 mg/ kg) over a 5 day period. On day 6 the animals were sacrificed and tissues (kidney and liver) were freeze sectioned (7 μm). Sections were incubated in media according to the accepted method specific for the G-6-PDH localization at a pH of 7.46 for 30 min.

scholarly journals Malarial Infection of Female BWF1 Lupus Mice Alters the Redox State in Kidney and Liver Tissues and Confers Protection against Lupus Nephritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Al-Quraishy ◽  
Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud ◽  
Azza El-Amir ◽  
Fathy A. Abdel-Ghaffar ◽  
Gamal Badr
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Gamma Irradiated ◽  
Kidney Functions ◽  
Tropical Infections ◽  
Liver Tissues

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by an imbalanced redox state and increased apoptosis. Tropical infections, particularly malaria, may confer protection against SLE. Oxidative stress is a hallmark of SLE. We have measured changes in the levels of nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in both kidney and liver tissues of female BWF1 lupus mice, an experimental model of SLE, after infection with either live or gamma-irradiated malaria. We observed a decrease in NO, H2O2, and MDA levels in kidney tissues after infection of lupus mice with live malaria. Similarly, the levels of NO and H2O2were significantly decreased in the liver tissues of lupus mice after infection with live malaria. Conversely, GSH levels were obviously increased in both kidney and liver tissues after infection of lupus mice with either live or gamma-irradiated malaria. Liver and kidney functions were significantly altered after infection of lupus mice with live malaria. We further investigated the ultrastructural changes and detected the number of apoptotic cells in kidney and liver tissues in situ by electron microscopy and TUNEL assays. Our data reveal that infection of lupus mice with malaria confers protection against lupus nephritis.

scholarly journals Comparative metabolism of L-methionine, DL-methionine and DL-2-hydroxy 4-methylthiobutanoic acid by broiler chicks

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Linda Saunderson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Tissue Protein ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Comparative Metabolism ◽  
Liver And Kidney

1. Metabolism, in broiler chicks, of DL-2-hydroxy 4-methylthiobutanoic acid (DL-HMB), DL-methionine and L-methionine was compared in vivo using 14C-labelled tracers.2. The distribution of L-[1-14C]methionine and DL-[1-14C]HMB in the major body tissues was examined for a period of 120 min after administration.3. The relative oxidation (14CO2, exhaled), excretion and incorporation into tissue protein of L-[l-14C]methionine, DL-[l-14C]methionine and DL-[1-14C]HMB were measured in fed birds.4. Tissue distribution of L-[1-14C]methionine and DL-[1-14C]HMB differed during 60–90 min following administration.5. The production of 14CO2, from each of the tracers was similar but excretion of 14C-labelled material was very different with the greatest excretion from DL-[1-14C]HMB and the least from L[1-14C]methionine.6. The incorporation of 14C into tissue proteins varied with the tracer given and the tissue examined. Liver and kidney had equivalent incorporation from each of the tracers while other tissues examined showed lower incorporation from DL-[1-14C]methionine and DL-[1-14C]HMB.7. The results show that DL-HMB, D-methionine and L-methionine are metabolized differently in vivo and that they are excreted in differing proportions. There is also a difference in the ability of each to act as a precursor for protein synthesis in tissues other than liver.

Effect of Phenylalanine Deficient Diet on Bone Marrow and Ammo Acid Metabolism.

1965 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Cockburn ◽  
J. D. Sherman ◽  
D. Ingall ◽  
R. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Deficient Diet
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