scholarly journals Zinc and cognitive development

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (S2) ◽  
pp. S139-S145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinjini Bhatnagar ◽  
Sunita Taneja
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
Neuropsychological Functions

Cognition is a field of thought processes by which an individual processes information through skills of perception, thinking, memory, learning and attention. Zinc deficiency may affect cognitive development by alterations in attention, activity, neuropsychological behavior and motor development. The exact mechanisms are not clear but it appears that zinc is essential for neurogenesis, neuronal migration, synaptogenesis and its deficiency could interfere with neurotransmission and subsequent neuropsychological behavior. Studies in animals show that zinc deficiency during the time of rapid brain growth, or during the juvenile and adolescent period affects cognitive development by decreasing activity, increasing emotional behavior, impairing memory and the capacity to learn. Evidence from human studies is limited. Low maternal intakes of zinc during pregnancy and lactation were found to be associated with less focused attention in neonates and decreased motor functions at 6 months of age. Zinc supplementation resulted in better motor development and more playfulness in low birth weight infants and increased vigorous and functional activity in infants and toddlers. In older school going children the data is controversial but there is some evidence of improved neuropsychological functions with zinc supplementation. Additional research is required to determine the exact biological mechanisms, the critical periods, the threshold of severity and the long-term effects of zinc deprivation on cognitive development.

Zinc and Low Birth Weight: Relationship Questioned

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 898-898
Author(s):  
UGO CARPENTIERI ◽  
C. W. DAESCHNER ◽  
LEIGH R. SMITH ◽  
MARY ELLEN HAGGARD
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Weight Relationship

To the Editor.— Kumar and Anday1 recommended the addition of zinc deficiency to the list of causes of generalized edema in low-birth-weight infants. In our opinion, none of the three patients they described support this conclusion, although the conclusion itself may be true. One patient, in fact, improved with protein supplementation alone, although over a longer period of time, and the other two patients improved with protein and zinc supplementation over a period of four to five days.

Use It and Still Lose It?

GeroPsych ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Schwaninger ◽  
Diana Hardmeier ◽  
Judith Riegelnig ◽  
Mike Martin
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Airport Security ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
X Ray

In recent years, research on cognitive aging increasingly has focused on the cognitive development across middle adulthood. However, little is still known about the long-term effects of intensive job-specific training of fluid intellectual abilities. In this study we examined the effects of age- and job-specific practice of cognitive abilities on detection performance in airport security x-ray screening. In Experiment 1 (N = 308; 24–65 years), we examined performance in the X-ray Object Recognition Test (ORT), a speeded visual object recognition task in which participants have to find dangerous items in x-ray images of passenger bags; and in Experiment 2 (N = 155; 20–61 years) in an on-the-job object recognition test frequently used in baggage screening. Results from both experiments show high performance in older adults and significant negative age correlations that cannot be overcome by more years of job-specific experience. We discuss the implications of our findings for theories of lifespan cognitive development and training concepts.

scholarly journals Acquired Zinc Deficiency Mimicking Acrodermatitis Enteropathica in a Breast-Fed Premature Infant

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-449
Author(s):  
Giovanna D’Amico ◽  
Corinne De Laet ◽  
Guillaume Smits ◽  
Deborah Salik ◽  
Guillaume Deprez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Acrodermatitis Enteropathica ◽  
Born Infant ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Low Serum

We present a case of a transient acquired zinc deficiency in a breast-fed, 4-month-old-male prematurely born infant, with acrodermatitis enteropathica-like symptoms such as crusted, eroded, erythemato-squamous eruption in periorificial and acral patterns. The laboratory investigations showed low zinc levels in the infant’s and the mother’s serum and in the mother’s milk; genetic analysis did not show any mutation in the SLC39A4 gene, involved in acrodermatitis enteropathica. Acquired zinc deficiency is often found in premature infants because of their increased requirement, the low serum and milk zinc levels in breastfeeding women being also an important risk factor, as in this case. A prompt zinc supplementation is essential for the good prognosis of the disease.

Object Concept and Object Relations in Childhood Psychosis: A Pilot Study

1971 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gratton
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Day School ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Early Infantile Autism ◽  
Age Range

The two master theories of human development, the Freudian and Piagetan, have evolved in parallel fashion without ever meeting. The advent of ‘ego metapsychology’ brought the two systems closer together, to be finally correlated by Anthony, Wolff, et al. The role of the mother is primordial in both cognitive and psychoanalytic systems. As already shown experimentally by Gouin-Décarie the two systems are interconnected in that a failure or fixation in the libidinal development is accompanied by an ‘adherence’ in the cognitive sphere. The aim of this pilot study was to verify the hypothesis that any condition accompanied or caused by a severe disturbance in the mother-child relationship will result in severe mental retardation or arrest in cognitive development within the sensorio-motor stage. The sample was composed of twenty randomly selected children (age range: 3 to 9 years), divided into a psychotic sub-group and a non-psychotic one, the latter serving as control. These children were attending the Pride of Judea Day School in New York City. All had a complete psychiatric and psychological evaluation, plus a detailed developmental history, carried out independently of this research. The Piagetan Test of Sensorio-Motor development elaborated by Gouin-Décarie was administered to both groups. The results showed that an ‘adherence’ of cognitive development to the sensorio motor stage was positively correlated with Early Infantile Autism and Mental Retardation. In order to further clarify this correlation the subjects' early development in their first two years of life was scrutinized using a check list of autistic signs. A statistically highly significant correlation could then be established between the arrest of cognitive development in the sensorio motor stage and an autistic type of development within the first two years of life, irrespective of diagnosis. In view of these findings it seems pointless to apply interpretative psychotherapies to these children or to submit them to standard kindergarten techniques when they lack the very rudiments for abstract thinking.

scholarly journals Personal and environmental characteristics associated with coordination development disorder

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Aparecida Pereira dos Santos ◽  
◽  
Luciana Ferreira ◽  
Vânia de Fátima Mathias de Souza ◽  
José Luiz Lopes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Classroom Teacher ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Environmental Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference

Identify the associtation among personal and environmental characteristics on the motor development of children with probable developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The participants were 42 parents, 32 teachers and 42 preschoolers’ (3.4±0.5years). As measurement instruments: The Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2 (MABC2), the Columbia Mental Maturity test (EMMC), the Questionnaire of the Brazilian Association of Research Companies (ABEP), the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the Swanson Nolan and Pelham IV Scale (SNAP-IV), Structured Questionnaire for parents on motor, academic, emotional and behavioral skills and Early Years Movement Skills Checklist were used. For data analysis, the Shapiro Wilk test and Binary Logistic Regression were used, adopting p <0.05. Results shown statistically significant difference for the personal characteristics associated with children with persistence DCD: 1) birth weight, age to sit, cognitive development, language problems and conduct problems; 2) For home characteristics: quality of the home environment and the parents' stable union were taken into account; 3) For day care center, the education of the classroom teacher was considered. In conclusion, children who were born with greater weight, who had higher cognitive development, live with parents in a stable relationship and who have a specialized classroom teacher were less likely to persist in DCD.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF STUNTING ON COGNITIVE AND MOTOR DEVELOPMENT IN TODDLER CHILDREN : LITERATURE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Eva Supriatin ◽  
Diwa Agus Sudrajat ◽  
Firda Annisa R ◽  
Linlin Lindayani
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Motor Movements ◽  
Selection Of

Stunting is a condition in which toddlers have less length or height compared to age. Stunting can affect physical growth, motor development, and motor activity. Children who experience motor skills are caused by obstacles to the muscle maturity process so that muscle ability is reduced. Many studies say there is a link between cognitive and motor development. Objective: To study the effect of stunting against cognitive and motor development in children toddlers. This study is a systematic review of the literature. The inclusion criteria for search studies were quantitative research, free full text, Indonesian, or English. Selection of published articles with a range of 2015-2020 and free full text, after reading the title of the article and looking at the inclusion criteria, then it is re-selected by looking at the sample criteria based on age and development, and an assessment is carried out using the JBI format. There is a stunning effect on the cognitive and motor development of children ages toddler. The results of the study stated that children who were stunted had an 11.98 times greater chance of having motor development below average. As well as the mild stunting category with cognitive development suspect there is a delay in toddlers, namely not being able to mention the type of color, differentiating the size of the object, mentioning gender, pairing known images. While the moderate stunting category with cognitive development suspect or experiencing delays can result in reduced brain cells by 15-20 percent. Toddlers who experience the severe stunting category with cognitive development suspect there is a delay, marked by slow maturity of nerve cells, slow motor movements, lack of intelligence, and slow social response. Stunting affects cognitive and motor development in children toddlers. Some of the impacts that arise are memory decline, inaccuracy in storing objects, delays in verbal and non-verbal, and delays in thinking.

scholarly journals DECREASED ANXIETY IN MOTHER OF CHILDREN WITH STUNTING AFTER THOUGHT STOPPING THERAPY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Ika Juita Giyaningtyas ◽  
Achir Yani Syuhaimie Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Study Author ◽  
The Family ◽  
Emotional Level ◽  
Height For Age

Anxiety is an uncertain and unwell-defined worry experienced by individuals. Physicall illnesses is one of anxiety causes. Stunting is a physicall illness in children manifested by a very low height for age. Stunting causes cognitive development disorder, inhibition of mental and motor development, make children more susceptible to diseases. Stunting bad effects is not only on children with stunting but also for parents of children with stunting who become caregiver for the children. Stigma from the society can be occur to the family who cares children with stunting, especially mother. Preliminary data showed mothers of children with stunting feels worry or anxiety about their children. Anxiety intervention for mothers of children with stunting is necessary. Anxiety intervention conducted by thought stopping. Based on the data, this study conducted to know decrease in anxiety in mother of children with stunting after tought stopping therapy. The method was a case study. Author conducted thought stopping therapy in three times of meeting.  The result of the study was thought stopping can be used as psychotherapy to decrease anxiety in mother of children with stunting. Nurse have to consider client ability in change the tought proccess by concern on emotional level and sentitifity.

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