scholarly journals Urinary excretion of catechin metabolites by human subjects after red wine consumption

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Donovan ◽  
Sidika Kasim-Karakas ◽  
J. Bruce German ◽  
Andrew L. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
Flavonoid Metabolism ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Derivatives Of

Little is known about flavonoid metabolism and excretion in man. In the present study, the urinary excretion of a major flavonoid in wine, catechin, and its metabolites, were measured after nine human subjects each consumed 120 ml red wine (RW) on one day and de-alcoholized red wine (DRW) on a separate day. Both the RW and DRW contained 120 (SEM 3) ΜMOL CATECHIN (35 MG). GC–MS ANALYSES OF THE TRIMETHYLSILYLATED DERIVATIVES OF CATECHIN AND 3″ AND 4″ METHYLCATECHIN WERE PERFORMED BEFORE AND AFTER HYDROLYSIS OF CONJUGATES BY Β-GLUCURONIDASE AND SULFATASE. BASELINE URINE SAMPLES COLLECTED PRIOR TO WINE CONSUMPTION CONTAINED 0·013 (sem 0·005) μmol catechin and metabolites. During the 8 h period following consumption of RW and DRW, 6·6 (sem 0·9) and 5·3 (sem 0·6) μmol catechin and metabolites were excreted in 893 (sem 94) and 740 (sem 101) ml urine respectively. This corresponded to 3·0–10·3 % of the dose after RW and 2·1–8·2 % of the dose after DRW. The amount of catechin and metabolites excreted in urine was 20 % higher after RW compared with DRW (P=0·06). Catechin in all urine samples was present as metabolites and there were no differences in the proportions of individual metabolites after RW and DRW. As with other flavonoids, the fate of most ingested catechin is not yet known.

Benzodiazepines identified by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, with specific ion screening used to detect benzophenone derivatives.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1394-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
C E Jones ◽  
F H Wians ◽  
L A Martinez ◽  
G J Merritt
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Forensic Toxicology ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selection Mode ◽  
Unequivocal Identification ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract We developed algorithms for confirmation and identification of benzodiazepines and their metabolites, initially detected in urine samples by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay (EMIT). These algorithms are based on the pattern of benzophenone derivatives of benzodiazepines obtained by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with use of a modified specific ion selection mode. Benzophenone derivatives were produced by acid hydrolysis of urine samples containing benzodiazepines and (or) their metabolites. We present mass spectra of the newer benzodiazepines--alprazolam, midazolam, and triazolam--and we determined the detection limit (0.2 mg/L) for these drugs as measured with the EMIT d.a.u. benzodiazepine assay and the ETS instrument (both from Syva Co.). We conclude that these algorithms are useful mostly in forensic toxicology in which unequivocal identification of benzodiazepines is the desired goal.

scholarly journals Simultaneous ingestion of high-methoxy pectin from apple can enhance absorption of quercetin in human subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (10) ◽  
pp. 1531-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiko Nishijima ◽  
Yoshiki Takida ◽  
Yasuo Saito ◽  
Takayuki Ikeda ◽  
Kunihisa Iwai
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dose Dependency ◽  
Apple Pectin ◽  
Enhancing Effect ◽  
Chronic Ingestion ◽  
Dose Dependent

Chronic ingestion of apple pectin has been shown to increase the absorption of quercetin in rats. The present study was designed to elucidate whether the simultaneous ingestion of quercetin with apple pectin could enhance the absorption of quercetin in humans, and the effects of dose dependency and degree of pectin methylation on quercetin absorption were also investigated. Healthy volunteers (n 19) received 200 ml of 0·5 mg/ml of quercetin drinks with or without 10 mg/ml of pectin each in a randomised cross-over design study with over 1-week intervals; urine samples from all the subjects were collected within 24 h after ingestion of the test drinks, and urinary deconjugated quercetin and its metabolites were determined using HPLC. The sum of urinary quercetin and its metabolites excreted was increased by 2·5-fold by the simultaneous ingestion of pectin. The metabolism of methylated quercetin (isorhamnetin and tamarixetin) was not affected by pectin ingestion. In six volunteers, who received quercetin drinks containing 0, 3 and 10 mg/ml of pectin, the sum of urinary quercetin and its metabolites excreted also increased in a pectin dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the simultaneous ingestion of quercetin with low-methoxy and high-methoxy pectin, respectively, increased the sum of urinary excretion of quercetin and its metabolites by 1·69-fold and significantly by 2·13-fold compared with the ingestion of quercetin without pectin. These results elucidated that apple pectin immediately enhanced quercetin absorption in human subjects, and that its enhancing effect was dependent on the dose and degree of pectin methylation. The results also suggested that the viscosity of pectin may play a role in the enhancement of quercetin absorption.

scholarly journals Changes in the fecal profile of inflammatory markers after moderate consumption of red wine: a human trial study

Wine Studies ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Muñoz-González ◽  
Irene Espinosa-Martos ◽  
Juan M. Rodríguez ◽  
Ana Jiménez-Girón ◽  
Pedro J. Martín-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Time Changes

The aim of this work was to evaluate the potential of moderate consumption of red wine to modulate the intestinal inflammation response on healthy humans. Fecal samples from a human intervention study (n=34) were collected before and after consumption of red wine for 4 weeks, and 24 immune markers including immunoglobulins, cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, were analysed. When considering the whole group of case volunteers, almost no statistically significant differences were found in the immune markers after wine consumption. However, a detailed exploration of the values differentiated a 6-volunteer subgroup that showed unusually high values of cytokines before wine consumption. For this subgroup, wine consumption significantly reduced the content of 16 out of 24 markers down to usual values, especially noticeable for cytokines related to the promotion of initial inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6 and interferon-gamma). This study reveals, for the first time, changes in the fecal profile of inflammatory markers after moderate consumption of red wine.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study of the Absorption and Metabolism of Temperate Propolis by Human Subjects

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dave Watson ◽  
Abdullah Alotaibi ◽  
Abdulmalik Alqarni ◽  
Adel Alghamdi ◽  
Dave Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Small Dose ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Small Study ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Analysis Of Urine

Temperate propolis is collected by bees from the sticky secretions produced by the buds of poplar species. It is used to coat and seal the hive thus protecting against infections. Extensive research indicates that propolis has strong anti-protozoal activity. There have been some large clinical trials testing propolis against a variety of conditions but despite there is no information on whether or not the active components in propolis are absorbed by humans. In order to answer this question, a small study was carried out in order to determine whether or not propolis components could be detected in the urine of 5 human subjects taking a small dose of propolis tincture. In two of the subjects, levels of several of the flavonoids present in the propolis tincture many times above the baseline levels were detected following hydrolysis of the urine samples with a glucuronidase/sulfatase. Analysis of urine samples prior to hydrolysis indicated the presence of glucuronides and sulfates of the main flavonoids in propolis. Flavonoid absorption occurred to some degree in all subjects, apparent lower levels of flavonoid absorption in 3 out of five subjects might indicate genuine differences in level of absorption between subjects.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin metabolites in human urine and serum

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin D. Kay ◽  
G. Mazza ◽  
Bruce J. Holub ◽  
Jian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Glucuronide Conjugation ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Human Urine And Serum ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Urine And Serum

In the present study we investigated the metabolic conversion of cyanidin glycosides in human subjects using solid-phase extraction, HPLC–diode array detector, MS, GC, and enzymic techniques. Volunteers consumed approximately 20 g chokeberry extract containing 1·3 g cyanidin 3-glycosides (899 mg cyanidin 3-galactoside, 321 mg cyanidin 3-arabinoside, 51 mg cyanidin 3-xyloside and 50 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside). Blood samples were drawn at 0, 0·5, 1, and 2 h post-consumption of the extract. Urine samples were also collected at 0, 4–5, and 22–24 h. We have confirmed that human subjects have the capacity to metabolise cyanidin 3-glycosides, as we observed at least ten individual anthocyanin metabolites in the urine and serum. Average concentrations of anthocyanins and anthocyanin metabolites in the urine reached levels of 17·9 (range 14·9–20·9) μmol/l within 5 h post-consumption and persisted in 24 h urine samples at levels of 12·1 (range 11·1–13·0) nmol/l. In addition, average total levels of anthocyanins and anthocyanin metabolites detected in the serum were observed at 591·7 (range 197·3–986·1) nmol/l within 2 h post-consumption. Cyanidin 3-galactoside accounted for 55·4 % (9·9 (range 7·2–12·6) μmol/l) and 66·0 % (390·6 (range 119·4–661·9) nmol/l) of the detected anthocyanins in the urine and serum samples, respectively. The metabolites were identified as glucuronide conjugates, as well as methylated and oxidised derivatives of cyanidin 3-galactoside and cyanidin glucuronide. Conjugation probably affects the biological activity of anthocyanins and these metabolic products are likely in part responsible for the reported health benefits associated with the consumption of anthocyanins.

Element and redox homeostasis in rats after red wine consumption

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Szentmihályi ◽  
Z May ◽  
H Fébel ◽  
G Bekő ◽  
A Blázovics
Keyword(s):  
Red Wine ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Wine Consumption

METABOLIC STUDIES WITH METHANDROSTENOLONE (17β-HYDROXY-17α-METHYL-ANDROSTA-1,4-DIEN-3-ONE) IN HUMAN SUBJECTS

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Almqvist ◽  
D. Ikkos ◽  
R. Luft
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Calcium Retention ◽  
Metabolic Studies ◽  
Daily Dose

ABSTRACT The effect of graded doses (5, 10 and 25 mg/d of methandrostenolone and of 25 mg/d of testosterone propionate were compared in each of three metabolically stable adult subjects. Five mg/d of methandrostenolone induced nitrogen and calcium retention. The effects observed with larger doses of methandrostenolone (10 and 25 mg/d) were not quantitatively different from those with 5 mg/d. The nitrogen and calcium retention obtained with the daily dose of 5 mg of methandrostenolone was as great or greater than that induced by testosterone propionate (25 mg/d). Methandrostenolone induced creatinuria but had no effect on sodium and chloride balances and urinary excretion of 17-ketosteroids.

Theoretical Study of the Process of Passage of Glycoside Amides through the Cell Membrane of Cancer Cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasil Tsanov ◽  
Hristo Tsanov
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Enzyme Regulation ◽  
Amide Derivatives ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Derivatives Of

Background:: This article concentrates on the processes occurring in the medium around the cancer cell and the transfer of glycoside amides through their cell membrane. They are obtained by modification of natural glycoside-nitriles (cyano-glycosides). Hydrolysis of starting materials in the blood medium and associated volume around physiologically active healthy and cancer cells, based on quantum-chemical semi-empirical methods, is considered. Objective:: Based on the fact that the cancer cell feeds primarily on carbohydrates, it is likely that organisms have adapted to take food containing nitrile glycosides and / or modified forms to counteract "external" bioactive activity. Cancers, for their part, have evolved to create conditions around their cells that eliminate their active apoptotic forms. This is far more appropriate for them than changing their entire enzyme regulation to counteract it. In this way, it protects itself and the gene sets and develops according to its instructions. Methods:: Derived pedestal that closely defines the processes of hydrolysis in the blood, the transfer of a specific molecular hydrolytic form to the cancer cell membrane and with the help of time-dependent density-functional quantum- chemical methods, its passage and the processes of re-hydrolysis within the cell itself, to forms causing chemical apoptosis of the cell - independent of its non-genetic set, which seeks to counteract the process. Results:: Used in oncology it could turn a cancer from a lethal to a chronic disease (such as diabetes). The causative agent and conditions for the development of the disease are not eliminated, but the amount of cancer cells could be kept low for a long time (even a lifetime). Conclusion:: The amide derivatives of nitrile glycosides exhibit anti-cancer activity, the cancer cell probably seeks to displace hydrolysis of these derivatives in a direction that would not pass through its cell membrane and the amide- carboxyl derivatives of nitrile glycosides could deliver extremely toxic compounds within the cancer cell itself and thus block and / or permanently damage its normal physiology.

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