scholarly journals Jasminum simplicifolium (Australian wax jasmine).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Vélez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Species Being

Abstract Jasminum simplicifolium is a scandent shrub or vine native to Oceania that is occasionally used as an ornamental. It has been introduced outside its native range elsewhere in Oceania and in the Americas, Asia and Europe. J. simplicifolium can grow to form impenetrable tangles, smothering native species. Its only report as an invasive was in Bermuda in the early 1900's. Although the species is currently reported as present in Bermuda, its current status as an invasive in this country is not confirmed. There are no reports of the species being invasive in other countries.

Distribution record of the invasive drywood termite Cryptotermes domesticus (Haviland) in Riau Province, Sumatra Island, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 918 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
S K Himmi ◽  
A Fajar ◽  
B Wikantyoso ◽  
B Tjahyono ◽  
N Nurjanah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Sumatra Island ◽  
Distribution Record ◽  
Drywood Termites

Abstract The domestic drywood termite, Cryptotermes domesticus (Haviland), has been referred to in past literature as a native species originating in the Southeast Asia region. The species come to prominence due to its destructive damage to a dried wood log by creating passages and nests inside the wood. Its economic importance makes the species one of the monitored species in inter-island transport as part of a biosecurity initiative by the Indonesian Government. In the present study, we collected drywood termites’ specimens from four locations in Riau Province, Sumatra Island, and conducted morphological identification. In the end, we verify the presence of C. domesticus in all four sites studied. This finding establishes the continued presence of the species in Sumatra, one of the areas reported as the native distribution of the species other than Java and Kalimantan following the Holmgren reports in 1913. We believe this report can be an addition to the current status of C. domesticus in Sumatra and also be an addition to the biosecurity initiative list of monitored species regarding the C. domesticus native range in Indonesia.

scholarly journals The Role of the Songbird Trade as an Anthropogenic Vector in the Spread of Invasive Non-Native Mynas in Indonesia

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Vincent Nijman ◽  
Marco Campera ◽  
Muhammad Ali Imron ◽  
Ahmad Ardiansyah ◽  
Abdullah Langgeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Pet Trade ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Native Birds ◽  
Invasive Birds ◽  
Species Being

The wildlife trade has facilitated the introduction of invasive non-native species, which may compete with native species for resources and alter ecosystems. Some of these species have great potential to become invasive if released or escaped from captivity. Here we studied the pet trade in a group of open countryside birds, the mynas (Acridotheres spp.) in Indonesia, and identified the areas that are at high risk of facing the establishment of these species. Mynas are among the most invasive birds in Southeast Asia. Once established in a new area, they are almost impossible to eradicate and can have strong negative impacts on the ecosystem. Preventing their introduction is therefore essential. Yet, invasive non-native mynas continue to be traded openly. We present data on the trade in seven species of mynas on Java, Bali and Lombok, with three species being native to parts of one or two of these islands, but not to the remainder, and four that are non-native to the region. From 2016 to 2021 we conducted 255 surveys of 30 animal markets. We recorded over 6000 mynas that were offered for sale outside their native range. Areas most at risk because of their high prevalence in specific animal markets, are Greater Jakarta, eastern Java, Bali and Lombok. The number of invasive non-native mynas recorded was positively related to the size of the animal market. Indonesia is signatory to several international agreements (CBD, ASEAN) that have policies and guidelines to prevent the introduction of invasive non-native species, but compliancy is weak. Annually hundreds and possibly thousands of invasive non-native mynas are released by Indonesian conservation authorities in regions that are outside their native range. Effective management of, and regulation of trade in, potential invasive non-native birds in Indonesia falls short and inadvertently greatly aids both their introduction and establishment.

scholarly journals What’s for Dinner? Assessing the Value of an Edible Invasive Species and Outreach Actions to Promote Its Consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Cerveira ◽  
Vânia Baptista ◽  
Maria Alexandra Teodósio ◽  
Pedro Morais
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Aquatic Invasive Species ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Invasive Fish ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
Cynoscion Regalis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Native Resources ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Promoting the consumption of edible aquatic invasive species has gained popularity to minimize its impacts while easing pressure on native resources. Weakfish Cynoscion regalis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) is one of the most recent invasive fish species in the Iberian Peninsula (Europe) which once sustained an important fishery in the native range (Northwest Atlantic Ocean). Portugal ranks third in the list of the world’s top fish consumers, so promoting a weakfish fishery could at least help minimize the impacts upon native species, since weakfish have innate traits that are likely appreciated by Portuguese fish consumers. However, introducing a new species to consumers is challenging owing to consumers’ habits and unfamiliarity with the species. So, we aimed to (i) evaluate the acceptance of weakfish by a panel of Portuguese fish consumers and (ii) create outreach actions – partnerships with local Chefs and press releases – to explain to a broader public what invasive species are and promote the consumption of edible aquatic invasive species. The survey that we conducted to Portuguese fish consumers showed that weakfish has great chances of being well accepted by the public – 90% of consumers would buy weakfish because they appreciated its appearance, flavour, and texture, besides being a wild fish. The outreach actions reached a few million people because 46 online articles were published, and three news pieces broadcasted on national television. Overall, our strategy greatly increased the public’s awareness about invasive species, which can be replicated elsewhere in the world.

scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH OF MUSHROOMS IN SRI LANKA

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-403
Author(s):  
Samantha C. Karunarathna ◽  
Peter E. Mortimer ◽  
Jianchu Xu ◽  
Kevin D. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Mycological Research ◽  
The Future ◽  
Available Information

According to recent estimates the mycota of Sri Lanka is highly diverse, yet it has been relatively little studied and remains poorly understood. Sri Lanka may contain up to 25,000 species of fungi, of which only a little more than 2000 are presently known, and this estimate does not take into account the large number of exotics introduced along with food, plantation, and ornamental plants. Mycological research in Sri Lanka has been limited to certain parts of the country, and the available information is widely dispersed, difficult to access, and plagued by synonymy. Commercially cultivable mushrooms were first introduced to Sri Lanka in 1985, and today both endemic and non-native species are cultivated. This paper addresses the current status of Sri Lankan mushroom research, and suggests measures which are needed to support the future development of Sri Lankan mycology.

Lepidium latifolium (perennial pepperweed).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Stutz ◽  
Hariet Hinz ◽  
Chris Parker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Riparian Areas ◽  
Plant Composition ◽  
Salt Ions ◽  
Threatened And Endangered Species ◽  
Western Asia

Abstract L. latifolium is an erect, branching perennial native to southern Europe and western Asia. It was accidentally introduced into countries outside of its native range as a contaminant of seeds such as Beta vulgaris. L. latifolium exhibits a wide ecological adaptation to different environmental factors, tolerating a range of soil moisture and salinity conditions, which has allowed it to spread explosively in recent years in wetlands and riparian areas especially in the western USA. L. latifolium thrives in many lowland ecosystems and is extremely competitive, forming monospecific stands that can crowd out desirable native species and a number of threatened and endangered species. L. latifolium alters the ecosystem in which it grows, acting as a 'salt pump' which takes salt ions from deep in the soil profile and deposits them near the surface, thereby shifting plant composition and altering diversity.

Aproceros leucopoda (elm zigzag sawfly).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Blake
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Native Range ◽  
International Action ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Species Being

Abstract Elm zigzag sawfly is considered a minor pest within its native range in East Asia, but since first arriving in Hungary and Poland in 2003 the sawfly has spread rapidly through Europe and is continuing to expand its range. Severe localized defoliation has been recorded by the species throughout Europe on elms in a variety of situations. Most elm species are utilised as host plants, which combined with it being both parthenogenic and multivoltine means populations can build up rapidly in suitable areas. No specific predators are known, and whilst parasitoids have been described on the species in Europe no studies have investigated their efficacy at controlling elm zigzag sawfly. This species was removed from the EPPO Alert List in 2015 following no international action on the species being requested by the EPPO member countries.

The extent of grazing release from epiphytism forSargassum muticum(Phaeophyceae) within the invaded range

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Strong ◽  
Christine A. Maggs ◽  
Mark P. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Sargassum Muticum ◽  
Saccharina Latissima ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Epiphytic Algae ◽  
Macroalgal Species ◽  
Strangford Lough ◽  
Fucus Serratus ◽  
Japan And China

The overall biotic pressure on a newly introduced species may be less than that experienced within its native range, facilitating invasion. The brown algaSargassum muticum(Yendo) Fensholt is a conspicuous and successful invasive species originally from Japan and China. We comparedS. muticumand native macroalgae with respect to the biotic pressures of mesoherbivore grazing and ectocarpoid fouling. In Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland,S. muticumthalli were as heavily overgrown with seasonal blooms of epiphytic algae as native macroalgal species were. The herbivorous amphipodDexamine spinosawas much more abundant onS. muticumthan on any native macroalga. When cultured with this amphipod,S. muticumlost more tissue than three native macroalgae,Saccharina latissima(Linnaeus) Laneet al.,Halidrys siliquosa(Linnaeus) Lyngbye andFucus serratusLinnaeus.Sargassum muticumcultured with both ectocarpoid fouling and amphipods showed a severe impact, consistent with our previous findings of large declines in the density ofS. muticumobserved in the field during the peak of fouling. Despite being a recent introduction into the macroalgal community in Strangford Lough,S. muticumappears to be under biotic pressure at least equal to that on native species, suggesting that release from grazing and epiphytism does not contribute to the invasiveness of this species in Strangford Lough.

scholarly journals Current Distribution and Status of Non-Native Freshwater Turtles in the Wild, Republic of Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyo Soung Koo ◽  
Soorim Song ◽  
Jae Hyeok Choi ◽  
Ha-Cheol Sung
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Freshwater Turtles ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Republic

Globally, an increase in the transportation and expansion of the pet market is the most important cause of the invasion of non-native species. Invasion of non-native species disturbs native ecosystems and leads to socio-economic problems. The pet trade involving turtles has been globally recognized as the route through which non-native species enter ecosystems. As a result, the invasion of non-native turtles worldwide is causing problems such as competition, predation, transmission of parasites, and hybridization with native turtles. Every year, both the number of non-native turtles imported as pets in the Republic of Korea and the number of introduced species found in the wild is increasing. However, the current status of non-native turtles in the wild is not well known, posing major challenges to their management. In this study, we aimed to determine the current status of non-native turtles introduced into the wild in Korea. We analyzed the factors associated with the detection and distribution of non-native turtles. In total, 1587 of non-native turtles (three families, six genera, and 13 species including subspecies) were found in 648 sites in Korea: Chelydra serpentina, Mauremys sinensis, Chrysemys picta bellii, Graptemys ouachitensis, G. pseudogeographica pseudogeographica, G. p. kohni, Pseudemys concinna, P. nelsoni, P. peninsularis, P. rubriventris, Trachemys scripta elegans, T. s. scripta, and T. s. troostii. There was relationship between the distribution of non-native turtles and environmental factors such as precipitation and temperature. Moreover, human factors such as number of human populations and size of region were significantly related with the distribution and number of non-native turtles. In conclusion, it is likely that human factors are associated with the influx of invasive turtles to the natural habitat, while the possibility of survival and adaption for the turtles is associated mainly with environmental factors. Our result will be an essential guideline not only for understanding the current status of non-native turtles in Korea, but also for establishing strategies for management and control.

scholarly journals Differences in seed properties and germination between native and introduced populations of Triadica sebifera

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialiang Zhang ◽  
Evan Siemann ◽  
Baoliang Tian ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Jianqing Ding
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Triadica Sebifera ◽  
Introduced Range

Abstract Aims Seeds of many invasive plants germinate more quickly than those of native species, likely facilitating invasion success. Assessing the germination traits and seed properties simultaneously for introduced and native populations of an invasive plant is essential to understanding biological invasions. Here, we used Triadica sebifera as a study organism to examine intraspecific differences in seed germination together with seed characteristics. Methods We measured physical (volume, mass, coat hardness and coat thickness of seeds) and chemical (crude fat, soluble protein, sugar, gibberellins [GA] and abscisic acid [ABA] of kernels) properties of T. sebifera seeds collected in 2017 from 12 introduced (United States) populations and 12 native (China) populations and tested their germination rates and timing in a greenhouse experiment in China. Furthermore, we conducted an extra experiment in the United States using seeds collected in 2016 and 2017 to compare the effects of study sites (China vs. United States) and seed collection time (2016 vs. 2017) on seed germination. Important Findings Seeds from the introduced range germinated faster than those from the native range. Physical and chemical measurements showed that seeds from the introduced range were larger, had higher GA concentrations and GA:ABA ratio, but lower crude fat concentrations compared to those from the native range. There were no significant differences in seed mass, coat hardness and coat thickness or kernel ABA, soluble protein or sugar concentrations between seeds from introduced vs. native ranges. Germination rates were correlated between United States and China greenhouses but germination rates for populations varied between collection years. Our results suggest that larger seeds and higher GA likely contribute to faster germination, potentially facilitating T. sebifera invasion in the introduced range.

Consequences of Multispecies Introductions on Island Ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Russell ◽  
Christopher N. Kaiser-Bunbury
Keyword(s):  
Introduced Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Island Ecosystems ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Species Introductions ◽  
Resource Limited

The rate of non-native species introductions continues to increase, with directionality from continents to islands. It is no longer single species but entire networks of coevolved and newly interacting continental species that are establishing on islands. The consequences of multispecies introductions on the population dynamics and interactions of native and introduced species will depend on the form of trophic limitation on island ecosystems. Freed from biotic constraints in their native range, species introduced to islands no longer experience top-down limitation, instead becoming limited by and disrupting bottom-up processes that dominate on resource-limited islands. This framing of the ecological and evolutionary relationships among introduced species with one another and their ecosystem has important consequences for conservation. Whereas on continents the focus of conservation is on restoring native apex species and top-down limitation, on islands the focus must instead be on removing introduced animal and plant species to restore bottom-up limitation.

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