scholarly journals Effects of retirement on lifestyle in relation to changes in weight and waist circumference in Dutch men: a prospective study

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1266-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid CJ Nooyens ◽  
Tommy LS Visscher ◽  
A Jantine Schuit ◽  
Caroline TM van Rossum ◽  
WM Monique Verschuren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Fibre Density ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Household Activities ◽  
Eating Breakfast ◽  
A Prospective Study

AbstractObjectiveTo study changes in lifestyle in relation to changes in body weight and waist circumference associated with occupational retirement in men.DesignA prospective cohort study with 5 years of follow-up. At baseline and at follow-up, questionnaires were completed and body weight and waist circumference were measured.SettingThe Doetinchem Cohort Study, consisting of inhabitants of Doetinchem, a town in a rural area of The Netherlands.SubjectsIn total 288 healthy men aged 50–65 years at baseline, who either remained employed or retired over follow-up.ResultsThe effect of retirement on changes in weight and waist circumference was dependent on type of former occupation. Increase in body weight and waist circumference was higher among men who retired from active jobs (0.42 kg year−1 and 0.77 cm year−1, respectively) than among men who retired from sedentary jobs (0.08 kg year−1 and 0.23 cm year−1, respectively). Weight gain and increase in waist circumference were associated with a decrease in fruit consumption and fibre density of the diet, with an increase in frequency of eating breakfast, and with a decrease in several physical activities, such as household activities, bicycling, walking and doing odd jobs.ConclusionRetirement was associated with an increase in weight and waist circumference among those with former active jobs, but not among those with former sedentary jobs. Retirement may bring opportunities for healthy changes in diet and physical activity, which could be used in health promotion programmes.

What Types of Exercise Are More Effective in Reducing Obesity and Blood Pressure for Middle-Aged Women? A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110154
Author(s):  
Seong-Hi Park ◽  
Chul-Gyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Middle Aged

Background: A systematic review was performed to identify the types of physical activities effective as interventions in preventing metabolic syndrome in middle-aged women. Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL) served as the data sources. Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2 was applied to assess the risk of bias of the randomized controlled trials. Meta-analyses were performed on selected studies using Review Manager 5.3. Thirty-one trials enrolling 2,202 participants were included. Results: Compared to controls, the effects of physical activity were indicated by pooled mean differences, which were −0.57 kg for body weight, −0.43 kg/m2 for body mass index, −1.63 cm for waist circumference, −4.89 mmHg for systolic blood pressure (BP), and −2.71 mmHg for diastolic BP. The effects were greater on the measurements of waist circumference and BP than on body weight and BMI. The types of physical activities were further analyzed according to sub-groups. Only aerobic exercise did not affect body weight and resistance exercise did not significantly change any results. Contrarily, combined exercises significantly reduced measurements of waist circumference and BP. Conclusion: This review can provide valuable information for research and implementation of measures to prevent metabolic syndrome in middle-aged women.

scholarly journals Maternal Dietary Glycemic and Insulinemic Indexes Are Not Associated with Birth Outcomes or Childhood Adiposity at 5 Years of Age in an Irish Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Wei Chen ◽  
Pilar Navarro ◽  
Celine M Murrin ◽  
John Mehegan ◽  
Cecily C Kelleher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Insulinemic Index ◽  
Nonlinear Relation ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index

ABSTRACT Background High maternal dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) may be associated with adverse offspring birth and postnatal adiposity outcomes through metabolic programming, but the evidence thus far, mainly from studies conducted in high-risk pregnant populations, has been inconclusive. No study has examined the influence of maternal insulin demand [measured by food insulinemic index (II) and insulinemic load (IL)] on offspring outcomes. Objectives We investigated associations between maternal GI, GL, II, and IL and offspring birth outcomes and postnatal adiposity in a general pregnant population. Methods The study was based on data from 842 mother-child pairs from the Lifeways prospective cohort study in Ireland. Through the use of standard methodology, maternal GI, GL, II, and IL were derived from dietary information obtained via a validated food-frequency questionnaire in early pregnancy (12–16 wk). Birth outcomes were abstracted from hospital records. At 5-y follow-up, children's body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured. Associations were assessed through the use of multivariable-adjusted regression analysis. Results Mothers had a mean ± SD age of 30.3 ± 5.7 y and a mean BMI (kg/m2) of 23.9 ± 4.2. The mean ± SD for dietary glycemic and insulinemic indexes were: GI = 58.9 ± 4.4; GL = 152 ± 49; II = 57.4 ± 14.5; IL = 673 ± 267. After adjustment for confounders, no consistent associations were observed between maternal GI, GL, II, and IL and birth outcomes including birth weight, macrosomia, gestational age, and postterm births. Similarly, no association was observed with BMI and waist circumference z scores and childhood obesity (general and central) at 5-y follow-up. There was no evidence of a nonlinear relation between the studied indexes and outcomes. Conclusions We observed no clear relation between maternal GI, GL, II, and IL and offspring birth outcomes and childhood obesity in a general pregnant population.

Long-term exposure to residential traffic noise and changes in body weight and waist circumference: A cohort study

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeppe S. Christensen ◽  
Ole Raaschou-Nielsen ◽  
Anne Tjønneland ◽  
Rikke B. Nordsborg ◽  
Steen S. Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Traffic Noise

scholarly journals Clinically important body weight gain following total hip arthroplasty: a cohort study with 5-year follow-up

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Riddle ◽  
J.A. Singh ◽  
W.S. Harmsen ◽  
C.D. Schleck ◽  
D.G. Lewallen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Total Hip

scholarly journals Dietary n-6 PUFA, carbohydrate:protein ratio and change in body weight and waist circumference: a follow-up study

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1317-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne U Jakobsen ◽  
Lise Madsen ◽  
Claus Dethlefsen ◽  
Karen M Due ◽  
Jytte Halkjær ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Waist Circumference Change ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between the intake of n-6 PUFA and subsequent change in body weight and waist circumference at different levels of the carbohydrate:protein ratio.DesignFollow-up study with anthropometric measurements at recruitment and on average 5·3 years later. Dietary intake was determined at recruitment by using an FFQ that was designed for the study and validated. We applied linear regression models with 5-year change in weight or waist circumference as outcome and including a two-way interaction term between n-6 PUFA and carbohydrate intakes, lower-order terms, protein intake, long-chain n-3 PUFA intake and other potential confounders. Due to adjustment for intake of protein, levels of carbohydrate indirectly reflect levels of the carbohydrate:protein ratio.SettingDiet, Cancer and Health follow-up study, Denmark.SubjectsWomen and men (n 29 152) aged 55 years.ResultsFor a high intake of n-6 PUFA (6·9 % of energy) v. a low intake of n-6 PUFA (3·4 % of energy), the difference in 5-year weight change was −189·7 g (95 % CI −636·8, 257·4 g) at a low carbohydrate:protein ratio and −86·7 g (95 % CI −502·9, 329·6 g) at a high carbohydrate:protein ratio; the differences in 5-year waist circumference change were 0·26 cm (95 % CI −0·47, 0·98 cm) and −0·52 cm (95 % CI −1·19, 0·15 cm), respectively. Inclusion of the dietary glycaemic index did not change the results.ConclusionsNo consistent associations between the intake of n-6 PUFA and change in body weight or waist circumference at different levels of the carbohydrate:protein ratio were observed.

Independent effects of waist circumference and physical activity on all-cause mortality in Canadian women

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T Katzmarzyk ◽  
Cora L Craig
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Independent Effects

The purpose of this study was to determine the independent effects of waist circumference (WC) and physical inactivity on the risk of mortality in women. This prospective cohort study included 5421 female participants 20-69 years of age in the 1981 Canada Fitness Survey. WC was measured with an anthropometric tape and leisure-time physical activity levels over the previous 12 months were assessed with a questionnaire. Mortality surveillance was conducted by data linkage with the Canadian Mortality Database through 31 December, 1993. The hazard ratios (HR) of mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression with age, smoking status, and alcohol con sumption included as covariates in all models. A total of 225 deaths occurred over an average of 12.4 years of follow up (67 500 person-years of follow up). Physical activity (HR = 0.78; 95% C.I.: 0.64-0.95) and WC (HR = 1.17; 95% C.I.: 1.05-1.31) were associated with mortality when included in separate regression models. When included in the same model, both physical activity (HR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.65-0.96) and WC (HR = 1.16; 95% C.I.: 1.04-1.30) remained independent significant predictors of mortality. In conclusion, physical inactivity and high WC have significant independent risks of premature mortality among women.Key words: death, obesity, cohort study, Canada Fitness Survey.

scholarly journals Age, period and cohort effects on body weight and body mass index in adults: The Doetinchem Cohort Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 862-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid CJ Nooyens ◽  
Tommy LS Visscher ◽  
WM Monique Verschuren ◽  
A Jantine Schuit ◽  
Hendriek C Boshuizen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cohort Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
General Adult Population

AbstractObjectiveTo study the development of body weight with ageing, in a general adult population, taking into account possible period and cohort effects.DesignA prospective cohort study with 11 years of follow-up. At baseline and after 6 and 11 years, body weight and height were measured.SettingThe Doetinchem Cohort Study, consisting of inhabitants of Doetinchem, a town in a rural area of The Netherlands.SubjectsIn total, 4070 healthy men and women aged 20–59 years at baseline.ResultsIncrease in BMI with ageing was less profound based on cross-sectional data than based on longitudinal data. More recent-born cohorts had a higher BMI at a given age than cohorts who were born earlier. Increase in mean BMI with ageing was observed in all age groups and was similar for groups with a different educational level. Highest increase in BMI over 11 years was observed in the youngest group, aged 20–29 years at baseline (2·2 [95 % CL 2·0, 2·3] kg/m2), and lowest increase in the oldest group, aged 50–59 years at baseline (1·1 [1·0, 1·3] kg/m2).ConclusionsFindings of the present study using longitudinal data suggest that increase in BMI with ageing is underestimated in all age groups by studying cross-sectional data only. Further, weight gain is present in all educational levels and does not stop at middle age.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Relation between Waist Circumference within the Normal Range and Development of Reflux Esophagitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Hyo-Joon Yang ◽  
Yoosoo Chang ◽  
Soo-Kyung Park ◽  
Yoon Suk Jung ◽  
Jung Ho Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Upper Endoscopy ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Hazard Ratios

We examined the association of abdominal obesity and waist circumference within normal range with the incidence of reflux esophagitis, separately in men and women. This cohort study involved 142,679 Korean adults without reflux esophagitis, who underwent upper endoscopy at baseline and during follow-up. Waist circumference was categorized into the following quartiles: <80, 80.1–85, 85.1–90, and ≥90.1 cm in men; and <69.3, 69.3–74, 74.1–79.5, and ≥79.6 cm in women. During the 551,877.8 person-years of follow-up, 29,509 participants developed reflux esophagitis. The association between waist circumference quartiles and risk of reflux esophagitis significantly differed with sex (p for interaction < 0.001). In men, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) comparing waist circumference quartiles 2, 3, and 4 to the lowest quartile were 1.03 (0.99–1.07), 1.08 (1.04–1.12), and 1.15 (1.10–1.19), respectively. In women, HRs (95% CIs) comparing quartiles 1, 2, and 4 to the 3rd quartile were 1.10 (1.04–1.17), 1.03 (0.98–1.10), and 1.07 (1.01–1.13), respectively. In this large cohort with endoscopic follow-up, the risk of reflux esophagitis increased with increasing waist circumference even within the normal range in men, whereas the risk increased with low normal waist circumference or with abdominal obesity in women, indicating a U-shaped association.

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