Proper Names: Ideas and Chains

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 129-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josep Macià
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Saul Kripke ◽  
Individual Concepts ◽  
Naming And Necessity ◽  
Communicative Role

Chains, well I can't break away from these chains[… ]And they ain't the kind that you can see.(“Chains,” Gerry Goffin and Carole King)The main aim of this paper is to present a certain notion — that of Coordination — and an associated requirement — the Coordination Requirement (CR) —,and to show how they help us to better understand the communicative role of proper names. A second aim of the paper is to use these notions to defend the kind of view I favour regarding the meaning of proper names — a certain kind of descriptivist theory — by showing that this view is not subject to two seemingly powerful considerations against it that have been provided from two different camps: one from the anti-descriptivist camp (by Saul Kripke in Naming and Necessity), another from the neo-Fregean camp (by Richard Heck in The Sense of Communication). In dealing with these matters, I will have to discuss the role that complex individual concepts (or ideas) play in allowing us to understand and use proper names.

Do Proper Names Always Rigidly Designate?

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Nute
Keyword(s):  
Possible Worlds ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Alternative Interpretation ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Saul Kripke ◽  
Possible Worlds Semantics ◽  
Referring Expressions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Naming And Necessity

Many philosophers have claimed possible worlds semantics is incoherent because of insoluble problems involved in the notion of identifying a single individual in different worlds. One frequent approach to trans-world identification has been to assume that all the possible worlds, complete with their populations, are described by means of qualities alone prior to our considering the question of identification of the same individual in each world in which it exists. If we interpret possible worlds semantics in this way, trans-world identification could only be accomplished on the basis of some properties the individual has uniquely in every world in which it exists. This becomes problematic since the individual doesn't have the same properties in every world. In ‘Naming and Necessity’ and ‘Identity and Necessity’ Saul Kripke rejects such an account of both possible worlds and trans-world identification, developing an alternative interpretation of the new semantics. His approach involves a distinction between referring expressions which designate different individuals in different worlds according to the distribution of properties within each world and referring expressions which designate the same individual in every world.

scholarly journals Kripke's Objections to Description Theories of Names

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McKinsey
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Saul Kripke ◽  
Naming And Necessity

In “Naming and Necessity” Saul Kripke describes some cases which, he claims, provide counterexamples both to cluster theories and, more generally, to description theories of proper names. My view of these cases is that while they do not provide counterexamples to cluster theories, they can be used to provide evidence against single-description theories. (I count as single-description theories both “short-for-descriptions” theories of the Frege-Russell sort and what I shall call below “fixed-by-attributes” theories.) In this paper I shall defend both of the claims involved in my view.

Rigid Designators and Disguised Descriptions

1980 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Monte Cook
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
List Type ◽  
Saul Kripke ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Rigid Designators ◽  
Naming And Necessity

In “Naming and Necessity” Saul Kripke repeatedly uses modal arguments to show that proper names are not abbreviated or disguised descriptions. The arguments take the following form:(a)“The F might not have been the F” is false.(b)If N were used to mean the F, then “N might not have been the F” would be false (because of (a)).(c)But “N might not have been the F” is true.(d)Therefore, N is not used to mean the F.

Smolensk Proper Names in A.T. Tvardovsky’s Poems

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Inna A. Koroleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Thematic Content ◽  
Home Town ◽  
Birthday Anniversary ◽  
Long Poems ◽  
First Time

This article is dedicated to the 110th birthday anniversary of a great Russian poet, native of Smolensk, one of the founders of the Smolensk Poetic School Aleksandr Tvardovsky (1910–1971). It examines how Smolensk motifs and Tvardovsky’s love for his home town are reflected in his works at the onomastic level. Smolensk-onyms reflected in long poems are analysed here, the focus being on anthroponyms and toponyms naming the characters and indicating the locations associated with Smolensk region. A close connection between the choice of proper names and Tvardovsky’s biography is established. An attempt is made to demonstrate how, using onomastic units introduced by the author into the storyline of his artistic text, the general principles of autobiography and chronotopy are realized, which have been noted earlier in critiques of Tvardovsky’s literary works. The onomastic component of the poems is analysed thoroughly and comprehensively, which helps us to decode the conceptual chain writer – name – text – reader and identify the author’s attitude to the characters and the ideological and thematic content of the works, as well as some of the author’s personal characteristics, tastes and passions. At the onomastic level, the thesis about the role of Smolensk motifs in Tvardovsky’s literary works is once more substantiated. A review is presented of onomastic studies analysing proper names of different categories in Tvardovsky’s poems (mainly conducted by the representatives of the Voronezh Onomastic School and the author of this article). It should be noted that Smolensk proper names in the entire body of Tvardovsky’s poetry are analysed for the first time.

scholarly journals СОЦІАЛЬНІ МЕРЕЖІ ЯК ЕФЕКТИВНЕ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ ВИКЛАДАЦЬКО-СТУДЕНТСЬКОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ В НАВЧАЛЬНОМУ ПРОЦЕСІ

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Nataliia M. Shulska ◽  
Nataliia M. Matviichuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
National University ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Communicative Role

Within the article the authors analyze the feasibility of using social network «Vkontakte» as an effective environment for teacher-student communication on the example of teaching discipline «Editorial craftsmanship» (2015-2016 academic year). It was investigated the communicative role of the teacher and students during teaching / mastering course using a community «Editorial craftsmanship». Based on results of the survey community members – students training direction «Publishing and Editing» Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University it was found that this form of organization of educational process in extracurricular time is effective for students. Proved that it extends the communication component, is convenient at performance of independent work on course, provides additional consultations, makes learning accessible, informal, interactive and creative.

Russian proper nouns derived from a Roman praenomen

Proglas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergana Petkova ◽  
◽  
Vanya Ivanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Proper Names ◽  
Ancient Rome ◽  
Proper Noun ◽  
Feminine Gender ◽  
Proper Nouns ◽  
Catholic Tradition

The present paper examines Russian proper nouns of both masculine and feminine gender, which are derived from a Roman praenomen. Our main goal has been to present these proper names in their entirety, together with their etymology. The excerpted onyms are grouped according to the appellative or the anthroponym from which they are derived. Another classification, based on extralinguistic information about the canonization of proper names, is also included: it takes into account its origin, i.e. when a Russian anthroponym is derived from a saint’s name in the Orthodox or the Catholic tradition, or when it is recognized by and exists in the canons of both churches. A brief review of the proper-noun system in Ancient Rome – and the role of Roman praenomens in it – is also provided. Special attention has been paid to the etymology of the praenomens.

How to put yourself in someone else’s shoes: The role of point-of-view in the interpretation of mixed messages

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-238
Author(s):  
Nikos Vergis
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Affective Factors ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mixed Messages ◽  
Communicative Role ◽  
The Way

AbstractDoes having a communicative role other than the speaker’s make a difference to the way pragmatic meaning is construed? Standard paradigms in interpersonal pragmatics have implicitly assumed a speaker-centric perspective over the years, however modern approaches have re-considered the role of listener evaluations. In the present study, I examine whether assuming different communicative roles (speaker, listener, observer) results in varying interpretations. A web-based experiment revealed that participants who took the perspective of different characters in short stories differed in the way they interpreted what the speaker meant. In most cases, participants in the role of the listener interpreted speaker meaning in more negative ways than participants in the other roles. The present study suggests that the directionality of the difference (negative inferences under the listener’s perspective) could be explained by taking into account affective factors.

scholarly journals Eleventh Graders’ Increasingly Elaborate Language Use for Disentangling Amount and Change: A Case Study on the Epistemic Role of Syntactic Language Complexity

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Prediger ◽  
Dilan Şahin-Gür
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Academic Language ◽  
Language Complexity ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Challenging Tasks ◽  
Eleventh Graders ◽  
Epistemic Role ◽  
Communicative Role

AbstractThe syntactic dimension of academic language has often been studied with respect to students’ difficulties with syntactic features in mathematical textbooks and test items, and these studies have contributed to understanding the communicative role of language. In contrast, the epistemic role of students’ language use has mainly been explored in lexical and discourse dimensions. This research has shown that higher order cognitive demands require more elaborate language means. The aim of this article is to contribute to theorizing the epistemic role of syntactic language complexity by means of a topic-specific investigation using the mathematical topic of qualitative calculus, i.e., the informal meanings of amount and change. In order to do this, the learning process study presented in this article investigates 18 eleventh graders’ conceptual pathways while dealing with challenging tasks on amount and change. The identification of different syntactic complexities in students’ utterances provides an overview of the variance of possible phrase structures. Further, it shows that successive conceptual conciseness requires either increasing syntactic complexity or conceptual condensation. So increasing elaborateness in the lexical and syntactic dimensions seem to compensate each other.

Kripke, Cartesian Intuitions, and Materialism

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
George Sher
Keyword(s):  
Identity Theory ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Initial Section ◽  
Saul Kripke ◽  
Naming And Necessity

In his influential “Naming and Necessity,” Saul Kripke has deployed a new sort of analytical apparatus in support of the classical Cartesian argument that minds and bodies must be distinct because they can be imagined separately. In the initial section of this paper, I shall first paraphrase Kripke's version of that argument, and then suggest a way in which even one who accepts all of its philosophical presuppositions may avoid its conclusion. In the second section, I shall defend this suggestion against some of the possible objections to it.Recent materialists have not been overly impressed by the Cartesian claim that minds and bodies (mental states and physical states, etc.) can be imagined or conceived separately from each other. Their usual reply is that this is only to be expected, given the contingent nature of the identify involved. Kripke, however, has argued persuasively that such a reply is unacceptable because it overlooks a crucial fact about the terms in which the identity theory is couched.

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