Comparing the pelvis of Tibetan and Chinese Han women in rural areas of China: two population-based studies using coarsened exact matching

Abstract Background. Radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy are currently the main treatment options for localized prostate cancer. However, not yet a large cohort study of comparison between surgery and radiation has been investigated in Japan nor Asia. Objective of this study was to compare the survival outcome between surgery and radiotherapy among patients with clinically localized prostate cancer and in the elderly and young patients. Methods. We retrospectively evaluated survival outcomes of localized prostate cancer patients (age at diagnosis ≤79 years, cT1-3) initially treated with surgery or radiotherapy. Data were collected from the population-based cancer registry of Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. A 1:1 coarsened exact matching of age at diagnosis, clinical T stage, and cancer differentiation was made between the two treatment groups. Patients were also categorized into two groups by age at a cut-off of 70 years for analysis. Results. The cohort comprised 4,810 patients aged 50-79 years. No significant difference in CSS was observed between the two groups (p=0.612), but the surgery group had significantly better prognosis in OS (p=0.004). When stratified for age, similar tendencies were seen in the elderly group (aged 70-79 years) (p=0.961 and p=0.007, respectively). By contrast, no significant difference in either CSS or OS was found in the younger group (p=0.550 and p=0.408, respectively). Intrinsic deaths were more likely to occur in elderly patients treated with radiotherapy than in those undergoing surgery (69.3% vs 78.2%, p=0.128).Conclusions. Our data suggests that surgery provided significantly better OS than radiotherapy, particularly among the elderly. However, radiotherapy may be more appropriate in elderly patients due to less invasiveness of the procedure. Prospective trials evaluating these therapies are warranted.

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Online Appendix for Black, Lalkiya, and Lerner, The Trouble with Coarsened Exact Matching

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3705007 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bernard S. Black ◽

Parth Lalkiya ◽

Joshua Y. Lerner

Keyword(s):

Exact Matching ◽

Coarsened Exact Matching ◽

Online Appendix

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Correction to: Improving Institutional Evaluation Methods: Comparing Three Evaluations Using PSM, Exact and Coarsened Exact Matching

Research in Higher Education ◽

10.1007/s11162-021-09646-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bob Blankenberger ◽

Sophia Gehlhausen Anderson ◽

Eric Lichtenberger

Keyword(s):

Evaluation Methods ◽

Exact Matching ◽

Coarsened Exact Matching ◽

Institutional Evaluation

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-021-09646-8

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How long does it take patients to find a new primary care physician when theirs retires: a population-based, longitudinal study

Human Resources for Health ◽

10.1186/s12960-021-00633-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lindsay Hedden ◽

Megan A. Ahuja ◽

M. Ruth Lavergne ◽

Kimberlyn M. McGrail ◽

Michael R. Law ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Primary Care Physician ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Proportional Hazards ◽

Population Based ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Care Physician ◽

Potential Threat ◽

Patient Age ◽

Patient Âgé

Abstract Background The retirement of a family physician can represent a challenge in accessibility and continuity of care for patients. In this population-based, longitudinal cohort study, we assess whether and how long it takes for patients to find a new majority source of primary care (MSOC) when theirs retires, and we investigate the effect of demographic and clinical characteristics on this process. Methods We used provincial health insurance records to identify the complete cohort of patients whose majority source of care left clinical practice in either 2007/2008 or 2008/2009 and then calculated the number of days between their last visit with their original MSOC and their first visit with their new one. We compared the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients who did and did not find a new MSOC in the three years following their original physician’s retirement using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. We also used Cox proportional hazards models to determine the adjusted association between patient age, sex, socioeconomic status, location and morbidity level (measured using Johns Hopkins’ Aggregated Diagnostic Groupings), and time to finding a new primary care physician. We produce survival curves stratified by patient age, sex, income and morbidity. Results Fifty-four percent of patients found a new MSOC within the first 12 months following their physician’s retirement. Six percent of patients still had not found a new physician after 36 months. Patients who were older and had higher levels of morbidity were more likely to find a new MSOC and found one faster than younger, healthier patients. Patients located in more urban regional health authorities also took longer to find a new MSOC compared to those in rural areas. Conclusions Primary care physician retirements represent a potential threat to accessibility; patients followed in this study took more than a year on average to find a new MSOC after their physician retired. Providing programmatic support to retiring physicians and their patients, as well as addressing shortages of longitudinal primary care more broadly could help to ensure smoother retirement transitions.

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Salt intake and blood pressure in Iranian children and adolescents: a population-based study

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12872-021-01876-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Hassan Emamian ◽

Hossein Ebrahimi ◽

Hassan Hashemi ◽

Akbar Fotouhi

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Population Based ◽

World Health ◽

Second Phase ◽

Salt Consumption ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported a high prevalence of hypertension in Iranian students, especially in rural areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the daily intake of salt in students and its association with high blood pressure. Methods A random sub-sample was selected from the participants of the second phase of Shahroud schoolchildren eye cohort study and then a random urine sample was tested for sodium, potassium and creatinine. Urine electrolyte esexcretion and daily salt intake were calculated by Tanaka et al.’s formula. Results Among 1455 participants (including 230 participants from rural area and 472 girls), the mean age was 12.9 ± 1.7 year and the mean daily salt intake was 9.7 ± 2.6 g (95% CI 9.5–9.8). The mean salt consumption in rural areas [10.8 (95% CI 10.4–11.2)] was higher than urban areas [9.4 (95% CI 9.3–9.6)], in people with hypertension [10.8 (95% CI 10.3–11.3)] was more than people with normal blood pressure [9.4 (95% CI 9.3–9.6)], and in boys [9.8 (95% CI 9.7–10.0)] was more than girls [9.3 (95% CI 9.1–9.6)]. Higher age, BMI z-score, male sex and rural life, were associated with increased daily salt intake. Increased salt intake was associated with increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Daily salt intake in Iranian adolescents was about 2 times the recommended amount of the World Health Organization, was higher in rural areas and was associated with blood pressure. Reducing salt intake should be considered as an important intervention, especially in rural areas.

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Prevalence, Treatment, and Associated Factors of Hypertension in Spain: A Comparative Study between Populations

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2018/4851512 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Arturo Corbatón-Anchuelo ◽

María Teresa Martínez-Larrad ◽

Náyade del Prado-González ◽

Cristina Fernández-Pérez ◽

Rafael Gabriel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Smoking Habit ◽

Educational Status ◽

Population Based ◽

Lower Probability ◽

Related Factors ◽

Education Levels ◽

Living Area

The prevalence and related factors of hypertensive subjects according to the resident area (rural versus urban) were investigated in two population-based studies from Spain. Medical questionnaires were administered and anthropometrics were measured, using standardized protocols. Hypertension was diagnosed in pharmacology treated subjects or those with blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mm Hg. Regarding BP control, it was defined as under control if BP was <140/90 or <140/85 mm Hg in type 2 diabetic subjects. Information on educational status, social class, smoking habit, and alcohol intake was obtained. 3,816 subjects (54.38 % women) were included. Prevalence of diagnosed hypertension was higher in women and showed no differences according to the living area (men: urban 21.88 versus rural 21.92 %, p = 0.986; women: urban 28.73 versus rural 30.01 %, p = 0.540). Women living in rural areas and men with secondary or tertiary education levels had a lower probability of being BP uncontrolled (OR (95 % CI): 0.501 (0.258–0.970)/p=0.040, 0.245 (0.092–0.654)/p=0.005, and 0.156 (0.044–0.549)/p=0.004, respectively). Urban young men (31-45 years) and medium aged women (46-60 years) were less BP controlled than their rural counterparts (41.30 versus 65.79 %/p=0.025 and 35.24 versus 53.27 %/p=0.002, respectively).

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No association of TP53 codon 72 and intron 3 16-bp duplication polymorphisms with breast cancer risk in Chinese Han women: new evidence from a population-based case–control investigation

European Journal of Medical Research ◽

10.1186/s40001-018-0345-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Weiming Hao ◽

Xia Xu ◽

Haifeng Shi ◽

Chiyu Zhang ◽

Xiaoxiang Chen

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Chinese Han ◽

Codon 72 ◽

New Evidence

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PREVALENCE OF PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS INFECTION BY INTRADERMAL REACTION IN RURAL AREAS IN ALFENAS, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652014000400002 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 281-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Evandro Monteiro de Sá Magalhães ◽

Carla de Fátima Ribeiro ◽

Carla Silva Dâmaso ◽

Luiz Felipe Leomil Coelho ◽

Roberta Ribeiro Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Alcohol Intake ◽

Paracoccidioides Brasiliensis ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Population Based ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽

Local Health ◽

Cross Sectional

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of paracoccidioidal infection by intradermal reaction (Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity, DTH) to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in rural areas in Alfenas, Southern Minas Gerais (MG) State, Brazil, and to assess risk factors (gender, occupation, age, alcohol intake and smoking) associated with infection. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study using intradermal tests with gp 43 paracoccidioidin in 542 participants, who were previously contacted by local health agents and so spontaneously attended the test. Participants underwent an interview by filling out a registration form with epidemiological data and were tested with an intradermal administration of 0.1 mL of paracoccidioidin in the left forearm. The test was read 48 hours after injection and was considered positive if induration was greater than or equal to 5 mm. Out of 542 participants, 46.67% were positive to the skin test. Prevalence increased in accordance with an increase of age. There was statistical significance only for males. Occupation, alcohol intake and smoking habits were not significantly associated with the risk of paracoccidioidomycosis infection. There is relevance of paracoccidioidomycosis infection in such rural areas, which suggests that further epidemiological and clinical studies on this mycosis should be done in the southern part of Minas Gerais State.

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