Impact of Brazil Nut (Bertholletia excelsa, H.B.K.) Supplementation on Body Composition, Blood Pressure, and the Vascular Reactivity of Wistar Rats When Submitted to a Hypersodium Diet

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Henrique Saldanha Melo ◽  
Juliana Arruda de Souza Monnerat ◽  
Nathalia da Silva Costa ◽  
Thais Bento Bernardes ◽  
D’Angelo Carlo Magliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Brazil Nut ◽  
Bertholletia Excelsa

scholarly journals Prolonged Administration of Rudgea viburnoides (Cham.) Benth. Prevents Impairment of Redox Status, Renal Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Damage in 2K1C-Hypertensive Rats by Inhibiting ACE Activity and NO-GMPC Pathway Activation

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1579
Author(s):  
Fernanda Viana Paulin ◽  
Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi ◽  
Bethânia Rosa Lorençone ◽  
Arthur Ladeira Macedo ◽  
Lucas Pires Guarnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Prolonged Administration ◽  
Cardiovascular Damage ◽  
Cgmp Pathway

Rudgea viburnoides is widely found in the Brazilian Cerrado, and commonly used in Brazilian folk medicine. In this study, we evaluated the effects of prolonged administration of the aqueous extract from R. viburnoides leaves (AERV) on impaired redox status, renal dysfunction, and cardiovascular damage in 2K1C hypertensive rats, as well as its chemical composition by LC-DAD-MS. Renal hypertension (two kidney, one-clip model) was surgically induced in male Wistar rats and AERV (30, 100 and 300 mg/kg) was administered orally five weeks after surgery for 28 days. Renal function was assessed and urinary electrolytes, pH, and density were measured. Electrocardiography, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Cardiac and mesenteric vascular beds were isolated for cardiac morphometry and evaluation of vascular reactivity, and aortic rings were also isolated for measurement of cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels, and the redox status was assessed. Prolonged treatment with AERV preserved urine excretion and electrolyte levels (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Cl−), reversed electrocardiographic changes, left ventricular hypertrophy and changes in vascular reactivity induced by hypertension, and reduced blood pressure and heart rate. This effect was associated with a positive modulation of tissue redox state, activation of the NO/cGMP pathway, and inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme. Glycosylated iridoids, chlorogenic acids, glycosylated triterpenes, O-glycosylated flavonols, and triterpenoid saponins were annotated. AERV showed no acute toxicity in female Wistar rats. Therefore, AERV treatment reduced the progression of cardiorenal disease in 2K1C hypertensive rats, which can be involved with an important attenuation of oxidative stress, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, and activation of the NO/cGMP pathway.

Evidence for a Decreased Noradrenaline Sensitivity in Mesenteric Resistance Vessels from Rats with Chemical Renal Medullectomy

1989 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Bund ◽  
A. M. Heagerty ◽  
A. Fletcher ◽  
J. D. Swales
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Resistance Vessels

1. Chemical renal medullectomy was performed in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide (200 mg/kg body weight). The effect of this treatment upon blood pressure and mesenteric vascular reactivity and morphology was studied 3 weeks after treatment. 2. Blood pressure was significantly raised in medull-ectomized rats. The indirect systolic pressures (means ± sem) were 112 ± 2.4 mmHg (14.9 ± 0.32 kPa) and 123 ± 3.5 mmHg (16.4 ± 0.5 kPa) (P < 0.02) for control (n = 12) and medullectomized (n = 12) rats, respectively. However, there were no significant changes in the morphology of the mesenteric resistance vessels. 3. Maximum pressor responses and Ca2+ sensitivities were unchanged in these vessels compared with controls, but the sensitivity to noradrenaline was significantly reduced. Noradrenaline pD2 (= −log ED50) values (means ± sem) were 5.87 ± 0.03 and 5.69 ± 0.08 (P < 0.05) for control (n = 12) and medullectomized (n = 12) rats, respectively. 4. This study demonstrates that in this model of hypertension the noradrenaline sensitivity is reduced in mesenteric resistance vessels, but there are no detectable morphological changes associated with the rise in blood pressure.

scholarly journals Antihypertensive Effect ofSyzygium cuminiin Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Melo Ribeiro ◽  
Vicente Férrer Pinheiro Neto ◽  
Kllysmann Santos Ribeiro ◽  
Denilson Amorim Vieira ◽  
Iracelle Carvalho Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive

This study evaluated thein vivopotential antihypertensive effect of hydroalcoholic extract ofSyzygium cuminileaves (HESC) in normotensive Wistar rats and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), as well as itsin vitroeffect on the vascular reactivity of resistance arteries. The hypotensive effect caused by intravenous infusion of HESC (0.01–4.0 mg/kg) in anesthetized Wistar rats was dose-dependent and was partially inhibited by pretreatment with atropine sulfate. SHR received HESC (0.5 g/kg/day), orally, for 8 weeks and mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and vascular reactivity were evaluated. Daily oral administration of HESC resulted in a time-dependent blood pressure reduction in SHR, with a maximum reduction of 62%. In the endothelium-deprived superior mesenteric arteries rings the treatment with HESC reduced by 40% the maximum effect (Emax⁡) of contraction induced by NE. The contractile response to calcium and NE of endothelium-deprived mesenteric rings isolated from untreated SHR was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by HESC (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/mL). This study demonstrated thatSyzygium cuminireduces the blood pressure and heart rate of SHR and that this antihypertensive effect is probably due to the inhibition of arterial tone and extracellular calcium influx.

History of vascular reactivity models and their involvement in hypertension pathogenesis

VASA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gabriela Conceição-Vertamatti ◽  
Filipy Borghi ◽  
Fernando Canova ◽  
Dora Maria Grassi-Kassisse
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Multifactorial Disease ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Beta Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Vascular Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
Record Blood Pressure ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Abstract. Hypertension is a silent and multifactorial disease. Over two centuries ago, the first device to record blood pressure was developed, making it possible to determine normotension and to establish criteria for hypertension. Since then, several studies have contributed to advance knowledge in this area, promoting significant advances in pharmacological treatments and, as a result, increasing survival of hypertensive people. The main models developed for the study of hypertension and the main findings in the vascular area are included in this review. We considered aspects related to vascular reactivity, changes in the population, and action of beta adrenergic receptors in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

Effects of 8-week of fitness classes on blood pressure, body composition, and physical fitness

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Chavarrias ◽  
Jorge Carlos-Vivas ◽  
Beatriz Barrantes-Martín ◽  
Jorge Pérez-Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness

Soybean proteins counteract heart remodeling in wistar rats fed a high sodium chloride diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 92-99
Author(s):  
I. G. Kayukov ◽  
O. N. Beresneva ◽  
M. M. Parastaeva ◽  
G. T. Ivanova ◽  
A. N. Kulikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Soy Proteins ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Heart Remodeling

BACKGROUND. Increased salt intake is associated with a number of cardiovascular events, including increased blood pressure (BP) and the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). However, there is much evidence that a high content of sodium chloride in the diet does not always lead to an increase in BP, but almost inevitably causes cardiac remodeling, in particular, LVH. Many aspects of myocardial remodeling induced by high sodium content in the food have not been studied enough. THE AIM of the study was to trace the echocardiographic changes in Wistar rats fed the high salt ration and the high salt ration supplemented with soy proteins.MATERIAL AND METHODS. Echocardiography and BP measurements were performed on male Wistar rats, divided into three groups. The first (control; n = 8) included rats that received standard laboratory feed (20.16 % animal protein and 0.34 % NaCl); the second (n = 10) – animals that received standard feed and 8 % NaCl (high salt ration). The third group (n = 10) consisted of rats who consumed a low-protein diet containing 10 % soy protein isolate (SUPRO 760) and 8 % NaCl. The follow-up period was 2 and 4 months.THE RESULTS of the study showed that: (1) the intake of a large amount of salt with a diet does not necessarily lead to the formation of arterial hypertension; (2) despite the absence of a distinct increase in BP, under these conditions signs of cardiac remodeling, in particular, LVH, appear rather quickly; (3) supplementing a high-salt diet with soy isolates counteracts the development of LVH.CONCLUSION. High salt intake with food can cause heart remodeling, regardless of blood pressure, while soy proteins can counteract this process.

scholarly journals Corrigendum to “Accurate mapping of Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa) in Amazonian forests using WorldView-3 satellite images and convolutional neural networks”

2021 ◽  
pp. 101326
Author(s):  
Matheus Pinheiro Ferreira ◽  
Rodolfo Georjute Lotte ◽  
Francisco V. D’Elia ◽  
Christos Stamatopoulos ◽  
Do-Hyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Brazil Nut ◽  
Bertholletia Excelsa ◽  
Amazonian Forests

scholarly journals The Diagnostic-Measurement Method—Resting Energy Expenditure Assessment of Polish Children Practicing Football

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Edyta Łuszczki ◽  
Anna Bartosiewicz ◽  
Katarzyna Dereń ◽  
Maciej Kuchciak ◽  
Łukasz Oleksy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitor ◽  
Resting Energy

Establishing the amount of energy needed to cover the energy demand of children doing sport training and thus ensuring they achieve an even energy balance requires the resting energy expenditure (REE) to be estimated. One of the methods that measures REE is the indirect calorimetry method, which may be influenced by many factors, including body composition, gender, age, height or blood pressure. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between the resting energy expenditure of children regularly playing football and selected factors that influence the REE in this group. The study was conducted among 219 children aged 9 to 17 using a calorimeter, a device used to assess body composition by the electrical bioimpedance method by means of segment analyzer and a blood pressure monitor. The results of REE obtained by indirect calorimetry were compared with the results calculated using the ready-to-use formula, the Harris Benedict formula. The results showed a significant correlation of girls’ resting energy expenditure with muscle mass and body height, while boys’ resting energy expenditure was correlated with muscle mass and body water content. The value of the REE was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.001) than the value of the basal metabolic rate calculated by means of Harris Benedict formula. The obtained results can be a worthwhile suggestion for specialists dealing with energy demand planning in children, especially among those who are physically active to achieve optimal sporting successes ensuring proper functioning of their body.

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