Deranged aortic intima-media thickness, plasma triglycerides and granulopoiesis in Sl/Sldmice

STUDIES were carried out to evaluate the impact of a high-fat dietary regimen on aortic wall thickness, peripheral blood leukocyte profile, and plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the mast cell-deficient Sl/Sldmouse. The results demonstrated that the mean aortic wall thickness of Sl/Sldmice was significantly higher than their normal littermates, and were increased in both genotypes after a 17-day high-fat regimen. In comparison with normal littermates, Sl/Sldgenotypes had elevated levels of plasma triglycerides with normal levels of plasma cholesterol, and the high-fat diet markedly lowered the triglyceride levels. Total peripheral blood leukocytes, the monocyte and granulocyte counts, and hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in Sl/Sldmice, although the number of lymphocytes, eosinophils and basophils were the same in both genotypes. Interestingly, the high-fat diet regimen elevated leukocyte counts and the number of monocytes and granulocytes in Sl/Sldmice.

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Porphyromonas gingivalis vesicles reduce MDA-LDL levels and aortic wall thickness in high fat diet induced atherosclerosis rats

Artery Research ◽

10.1016/j.artres.2018.05.008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (C) ◽

pp. 20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aditya Indra Mahendra ◽

Jonny Karunia Fajar ◽

Harapan Harapan ◽

Teuku Heriansyah ◽

Sumarno Reto Prawiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽

Wall Thickness ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Aortic Wall ◽

High Fat ◽

Aortic Wall Thickness

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Anti-atherosclerotic activity of aqueous extract of Ipomoea batatas (L.) leaves in high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis model rats

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2021-0080 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Budi Arief Waskito ◽

Djanggan Sargowo ◽

Umi Kalsum ◽

Askandar Tjokroprawiro

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Wall Thickness ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ipomoea Batatas ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Aortic Wall ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Foam Cells ◽

High Fat ◽

Aortic Wall Thickness

Abstract Objectives Cardiovascular diseases, especially atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of human mortality in Indonesia. Ipomoea batatas (L.) is a food plant used in Indonesian traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases and related conditions. We assessed the anti-atherosclerotic activity of the aqueous extract of I. batatas leaves in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis and its mechanism. Methods The presence of amino acid content in the I. batatas L. purple variant was determined by liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=6/group), i.e., standard diet group (SD), high-fat diet group (HF), and HF plus I. batatas L. extracts orally (625; 1,250; or 2,500 mg/kg) groups. The numbers of macrophages and aortic wall thickness were analyzed histologically. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to assess foam cells-oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the aorta. Results LC-HRMS analysis showed nine amino acid content were identified from I. batatas L. In vivo study revealed that oral administration of I. batatas L. leaf extract alleviated foam cells-oxLDL formation and aortic wall thickness caused by high-fat diet atherosclerosis rats. Further, I. batatas L. leaf extract promoted the number of macrophages and modulated VEGF and eNOS expression in the aorta. Conclusions I. batatas L. leaf extract shows a positive anti-atherosclerosis effect. Furthermore, the mechanism may promote the macrophages, eNOS, VEGF expressions, and inhibition of foam cells-oxLDL formation and aortic wall thickness with the best dosage at 2,500 mg/kg. This could represent a novel approach to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

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Maternal undernutrition reduces aortic wall thickness and elastin content in offspring rats without altering endothelial function

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs20060036 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 111 (4) ◽

pp. 281-287 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Michael R. Skilton ◽

Alison K. Gosby ◽

Ben J. Wu ◽

Lisa M. L. Ho ◽

Roland Stocker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wall Thickness ◽

Aortic Wall ◽

Infant Nutrition ◽

Protein Diet ◽

Low Protein Diet ◽

Organ Bath ◽

High Fat ◽

Maternal Undernutrition ◽

Low Protein ◽

Aortic Wall Thickness

Epidemiological studies suggest a link between fetal/early infant nutrition and adult coronary artery disease. In the present study, we examined the effects of altering nutrition during gestation, lactation and juvenile life on aortic structure and function in rats. Wistar rat dams were fed either a control or low-protein diet throughout pregnancy, or a low-protein diet for the final 7 days of gestation only. At 21 days post-partum, male pups were weaned on to a control, low-protein or high-fat diet. At 12 weeks, the offspring rats were killed. In 46 rats, aortic sections were mounted and stained to assess media thickness and elastin content. In a further 38 rats, aortic rings were suspended in an organ bath and vascular reactivity was tested with dose–response curves to the endothelium-dependent dilator acetylcholine and the endothelium-independent dilator sodium nitroprusside. Rats exposed to maternal protein restriction while in utero had a significantly decreased aortic wall thickness compared with control rats (P=0.005). Total elastin content of the aorta was also decreased by both maternal low-protein (P=0.02) and early postnatal low-protein (P=0.01) diets. Neither maternal nor postnatal low-protein or high-fat diets, however, resulted in any significant changes in arterial dilator function. In conclusion, fetal undernutrition in rats, induced via a maternal low-protein diet, causes a decrease in aortic wall thickness and elastin content without altering aortic dilator function. These changes in vascular structure may amplify aging-related changes to the vasculature and contribute to the pathophysiology of the putative link between impaired fetal growth and adult cardiovascular disease.

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High-Fat Diet Increased Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.715693 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Priyanka N. Prem ◽

Gino A. Kurian

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Renal Function ◽

Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Protein Translation ◽

Renal Ischemia ◽

High Fat ◽

Dietary Regimen ◽

The Impact

Renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the major causes of acute kidney injury influenced by the ischemic duration and the presence of comorbidities. Studies have reported that high-fat diet consumption can induce renal lipotoxicity and metabolic dyshomeostasis that can compromise the vital functions of kidney. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a high-fat diet in the recovery of renal tissue from IR and explored the cellular pathology. In this study, 24 male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: normal diet (ND; n = 12) and high-fat diet (HD; n = 12), which were further subdivided into sham and IR groups at the end of the dietary regimen. The high-fat diet was introduced in 4-week-old rats and continued for 16 weeks. IR was induced by bilateral clamping of the renal peduncle for 45 min, followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Blood chemistry, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress analysis were carried out to study the pathological changes. The rats fed with HD showed a decreased eGFR and elevated plasma creatinine, thereby compromised kidney function. Subcellular level changes in HD rats are deceased mitochondrial copy number, low PGC-1α gene expression, and declined electron transport chain (ETC) enzymes and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level. Upon IR induction, HD rats exhibited severely impaired renal function (eGFR-0.09 ml/min) and elevated injury markers compared with ND rats. A histological analysis displayed increased tubular necrosis and cast formation in HD-IR in comparison to ND-IR. The oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction were more prominent in HD-IR. In vitro protein translation assessment revealed impaired translational capacity in HD-IR mitochondria, which suggests mitochondrial changes with diet that may adversely affect the outcome of IR injury. High-fat diet consumption alters the normal renal function by modifying the cellular mitochondria. The renal changes compromise the ability of the kidney to recover from ischemia during reperfusion.

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Offspring susceptibility to metabolic alterations due to maternal high-fat diet and the impact of inhaled ozone used as a stressor

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-73361-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Samantha J. Snow ◽

Katarzyna Broniowska ◽

Edward D. Karoly ◽

Andres R. Henriquez ◽

Pamela M. Phillips ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Response ◽

Control Diet ◽

Metabolomic Analysis ◽

High Fat ◽

Dietary Regimen ◽

Metabolic Alterations ◽

Group Sex ◽

The Impact

Abstract The influence of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on metabolic response to ozone was examined in Long-Evans rat offspring. F0 females were fed control diet (CD; 10%kcal from fat) or HFD (60%kcal from fat) starting at post-natal day (PND) 30. Rats were bred on PND 72. Dietary regimen was maintained until PND 30 when all offspring were switched to CD. On PND 40, F1 offspring (n = 10/group/sex) were exposed to air or 0.8 ppm ozone for 5 h. Serum samples were collected for global metabolomic analysis (n = 8/group/sex). Offspring from HFD dams had increased body fat and weight relative to CD. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant sex-, diet-, and exposure-related changes. Maternal HFD increased free fatty acids and decreased phospholipids (male > female) in air-exposed rats. Microbiome-associated histidine and tyrosine metabolites were increased in both sexes, while 1,5-anhydroglucitol levels decreased in males indicating susceptibility to insulin resistance. Ozone decreased monohydroxy fatty acids and acyl carnitines and increased pyruvate along with TCA cycle intermediates in females (HFD > CD). Ozone increased various amino acids, polyamines, and metabolites of gut microbiota in HFD female offspring indicating gut microbiome alterations. Collectively, these data suggest that maternal HFD increases offspring susceptibility to metabolic alterations in a sex-specific manner when challenged with environmental stressors.

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Reduction of Plasma Triglycerides and Cholesterol in High Fat Diet-Induced Hyper-Lipidemic Mice by n-3 Fatty Acid from Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miquel) Seed Oil

Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition ◽

10.3746/jkfn.2015.44.7.961 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 961-969 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hyelin Jeon ◽

Su-Jin Oh ◽

Hyun Soo Nam ◽

Yoon Seok Song ◽

Kyung-Chul Choi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Seed Oil ◽

High Fat ◽

Rubus Coreanus ◽

Plasma Triglycerides ◽

Rubus Coreanus Miquel

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AB0967 Determinants of Aortic Wall Thickness in Patients without Aortitis: A Computed Tomography-Based Study: Table 1

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1116 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 73 (Suppl 2) ◽

pp. 1119.3-1120

Author(s):

A. Nakhleh ◽

D. Rimar ◽

I. Rukhkyan ◽

V. Wolfson ◽

I. Rosner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Wall Thickness ◽

Aortic Wall ◽

Aortic Wall Thickness

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The impact of High Fat Diet on bone: potential mechanisms

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d0fo02664f ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qiao Jie ◽

Yue-Zhong Ren ◽

Yi-wen Wu

Keyword(s):

Total Energy ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

High Fat Diets ◽

Fat Diets ◽

The Impact

High-fat diets(HFD)are defined as lipids accounting for exceeded 30% of total energy in-take, and current research is mostly 45% and 60%. With a view of the tendency that patients who...

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