Impulsive or Depressive Personality Traits Do Not Impede Behavioral Change After Brief Alcohol Interventions

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel E. Ryb ◽  
Patricia C. Dischinger ◽  
Carlo DiClemente ◽  
Kimberly M. Auman ◽  
Joseph A. Kufera ◽  
...  
2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Courtois ◽  
O. Plaisant ◽  
I. J. Duijsens ◽  
A. Enfoux ◽  
N. Coutard ◽  
...  

This research is an exploratory study toward development of the French version of the Questionnaire on Personality Traits (QPT/VKP–4). The goal was to assess its association with the Big Five Inventory (BIG–5) and to explore the personality characteristics of the elderly compared to young adults. The 241 participants included 83 elderly people and 158 young adults. Borderline and anxious personality disorders were less frequent in elderly women than in young women, and depressive personality disorder was less frequent in elderly men. Dimension scores were higher for Conscientiousness in the elderly, Agreeableness in elderly women, and Extraversion in elderly men. Statistically significant correlations were found between personality dimension scores using the VKP–4 and the BIG–5.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Talarowska ◽  
Małgorzata Kowalczyk ◽  
Michael Maes ◽  
Andre Carvalho ◽  
Kuan-Pin Su ◽  
...  

2009 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon R. Grossardt ◽  
James H. Bower ◽  
Yonas E. Geda ◽  
Robert C. Colligan ◽  
Walter A. Rocca

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1155-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen D. Rudolph ◽  
Daniel N. Klein

AbstractResearch suggests that depressive personality (DP) disorder may represent a persistent, trait-based form of depression that lies along an affective spectrum ranging from personality traits to diagnosable clinical disorders. A significant gap in this area of research concerns the development of DP and its applicability to youth. The present research explored the construct of DP traits in youth. Specifically, this study examined the reliability, stability, and validity of the construct, potential origins of DP traits, and the developmental consequences of DP traits. A sample of 143 youth (mean age = 12.37 years, SD = 1.26) and their caregivers completed semistructured interviews and questionnaires on two occasions, separated by a 12-month interval. The measure of DP traits was reliable and moderately stable over time. Providing evidence of construct validity, DP traits were associated with a network of constructs, including a negative self-focus, high-negative and low-positive emotionality, and heightened stress reactivity. Moreover, several potential origins of DP traits were identified, including a history of family adversity, maternal DP traits, and maternal depression. Consistent with hypotheses regarding their developmental significance, DP traits predicted the generation of stress and the emergence of depression (but not nondepressive psychopathology) during the pubertal transition. Finally, depression predicted subsequent DP traits, suggesting a reciprocal process whereby DP traits heighten risk for depression, which then exacerbates these traits. These findings support the construct of DP traits in youth, and suggest that these traits may be a useful addition to developmental models of risk for youth depression.


Author(s):  
Е.В. Богданенко ◽  
А.В. Власов ◽  
М.К. Нурбеков

Различия в проявлении некоторых черт личности человека в последнее время ассоциируют с однонуклеотидными заменами в генах - полиморфизмами. В частности, генотип Met/Met полиморфизм Val158Met гена катехол-орто-метилтрансферазы (СОМТ) ассоциируют с повышенными обучаемостью и удовлетворенностью жизнью и пониженными тревожностью и стрессоустойчивостью по сравнению с генотипом Val/Val. Следовательно, носительство определенного генотипа должно влиять на успешность человека в избранном им роде деятельности. Для проверки этого предположения 91 человек, успешно занимающиеся одним родом деятельности - бизнесом, прошли генетическое и психологическое тестирование. Психологические тесты MMPI, TAS-20 и SWLS не выявили достоверной разницы как в уровнях тревожности и трудностей в общении, так и в способности выражать свои чувства и удовлетворенности жизнью между носителями генотипов Val/Val и Val/Met. Однако обнаруженное отклонение частот встречаемости генотипов Val/Val и Met/Met у представителей бизнеса от частот, встречающихся в других популяциях (превышение в 1,5 раза и снижение в 25 раз соответственно) позволяют предположить, что успешность в определенной профессии, в частности в бизнесе, может быть связана с определенным генотипом у его обладателя. Значительные успехи в жизни как благоприятный фактор окружающей среды могут через эпигенетическую регуляцию нивелировать проявление врожденных депрессивных черт личности, ассоциируемых с генотипом Val/Val. In recent time, differences in manifestations of some personality traits have been associated with single nucleotide substitutions in genes, polymorphisms. Specifically, the Met/Met genotype of Val158Met polymorphisms in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene is associated with higher ability to learn and be satisfied with life and reduced ability to cope with stress and anxiety as compared with the Val/Val genotype. Therefore, carriage of a certain genotype might influence success of a person in his/her activity. To test this hypothesis, 91 people successfully engaged in the same kind of activity, business, underwent psychological and genetic tests. The Mini-Mult (MMPI), TAS-20, and SWLS psychological tests did not detect any significant differences between Val/Val and Val/Met genotype carriers in levels of anxiety and difficulties in interpersonal communication, ability to express their feelings, and life satisfaction. However, the differences between the Val/Val and Met/Met genotype frequencies in business men and other populations (1.5 times higher and 25 times lower, respectively) suggested that a successful career in business might be related with a definite genotype. Significant life success as a beneficial environmental factor might neutralize via epigenetic regulation manifestations of congenital depressive personality traints associated with the Val/Val genotype.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan W. Hudson ◽  
Daniel A Briley ◽  
William J. Chopik ◽  
Jaime Derringer

Prior research has found that people’s desires to change their personality traits predict corresponding subsequent trait growth over time. However, few studies have examined the processes via which people can volitionally change their personality traits. Thus, it remains unclear whether merely desiring change predicts trait growth or whether actively pursuing change is necessary. The present study was a 15-week intensive longitudinal design that tested whether engaging in trait-typical behaviors predicted trait change. Participants provided self-report ratings of their personality traits and were able to freely accept and complete weekly “challenges”—prewritten behavioral goals that would pull their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in line with their desired traits. Results indicated that merely accepting behavioral challenges did not predict trait changes. Rather, only actually completing challenges (i.e., performing trait-typical behaviors) predicted trait change over time. Thus, merely wanting to change does not appear to be sufficient to evoke trait growth; successfully changing one’s personality traits may require actively and successfully implementing behaviors to change oneself.


2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Milena Raspopović

Introduction/Aim: The results of previous research indicate that there is a connection between the symptoms of depression and anxiety, and that the occurrence of these symptoms is partly conditioned by personality traits. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between anxiety as a personality trait and depressive personality traits among the respondents from Montenegro, in order to obtain guidance for the application of mental health programs. Method: The cross-sectional study included 355 respondents. Data were collected online, through the Google Forms platform In addition to the general questionnaire, questionnaires for the evaluation of anxiety-related traits and depressive personality traits (DP) were used. Results: Of 355 respondents, aged 18 to 68, 74.6% were women. A high positive correlation between the anxiety-related traits and depressive personality traits was significant (r = 0.82, p <0.01). In addition, we found that both of these traits were more pronounced in women, in respondents with lower educational levels and poorer material status. Younger respondents and unemployed persons had significantly more pronounced anxiety-related traits, but there was no significant difference regarding depressive personality traits. There was no significant difference regarding the pronounced anxious and depressive personality traits related to marital status and employment. Conclusion: Having in mind the fact that anxious and depressive personality traits occur simultaneously in a significant number of cases, it is important to detect these traits early and implement prevention programs in order to prevent them from developing into anxiety or depression.


1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Grigoroiu-Serbanescu ◽  
Dan Christodorescu ◽  
Adriana Totoescu ◽  
Irina Jipescu

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