scholarly journals Effect of leg dominance, gender and age on sensory responses to structural differentiation of straight leg raise test in asymptomatic subjects: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Sierra-Silvestre ◽  
María Torres Lacomba ◽  
Pedro de la Villa Polo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Structural Differentiation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Sensory Responses ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects ◽  
Straight Leg Raise ◽  
Leg Dominance

scholarly journals Association between Serum Calcium and First Incident Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi ZHANG ◽  
Bangming CAO ◽  
Xingmei HUANG ◽  
Jian GU ◽  
Ming XIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: The role of serum calcium in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without first incident acute myocardial infarction has not been studied previously. This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum calcium and first incident acute myocardial infarction. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from Jan 2014 to Dec 2016. All the participants were from our database, described in detail elsewhere including 1609 cases and 3252 controls. Multiple logistic regression was carried out to explore the effect of serum calcium on first incident acute myocardial infarction. Interaction between serum calcium and risk factors were evaluated. Results: Patients with first incident acute myocardial infarction have significantly lower serum calcium concentrations than those without acute myocardial infarction (2.18 (0.21) vs 2.24 (0.19) mmol/L, P<0.0001). After adjusting for sex and age, logistic regression showed that serum calcium was significantly associated with first incident acute myocardial infarction (odds ratio (OR): 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41-1.60). Further adjusted for potential confounders, serum calcium was associated with first incident acute myocardial infarction (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.22-1.42). Moreover, the association still existed when patients were divided into subgroups according to gender and age. A significant interaction was found between serum calcium and diabetes mellitus (DM), lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)), and serum albumin. Conclusion: Serum calcium was associated with first incident acute myocardial infarction among CAD patients in both sexes and in age categories. This study provides further evidence showing the value of serum calcium levels in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Psychosocial and Somatosensory Factors in Women with Chronic Migraine and Painful Temporomandibular Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Gil-Martínez ◽  
Mónica Grande-Alonso ◽  
Roy La Touche ◽  
Manuel Lara-Lara ◽  
Almudena López-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Physical Variables ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Psychosocial and somatosensory factors are involved in the pathophysiology of chronic migraine (CM) and chronic temporomandibular disorders (TMD).Objective. To compare and assess the relationship between pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia in patients with CM or chronic TMD.Method. Cross-sectional study of 20 women with CM, 19 with chronic TMD, and 20 healthy volunteers. Pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia were assessed. The level of education, pain intensity, and magnitude of temporal summation of stimuli in the masseter (STM) and tibialis (STT) muscles were also evaluated.Results. There were significant differences between the CM and chronic TMD groups, compared with the group of asymptomatic subjects, for all variables (p<.05) except kinesiophobia when comparing patients with CM and healthy women. Moderate correlations between kinesiophobia and catastrophizing (r=0.46;p<.01) were obtained, and the strongest association was between kinesiophobia and magnification (r=0.52;p<.01). The strongest associations among physical variables were found between the STM on both sides (r=0.93;p<.01) and between the left and right STT (r=0.76;p<.01).Conclusion. No differences were observed in pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia between women with CM and with chronic TMD. Women with CM or chronic TMD showed higher levels of pain catastrophizing than asymptomatic subjects.

scholarly journals Optimal cutoff for the evaluation of insulin resistance through triglyceride-glucose index: A cross-sectional study in a Venezuelan population

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Salazar ◽  
Valmore Bermúdez ◽  
María Calvo ◽  
Luis Carlos Olivar ◽  
Eliana Luzardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Optimal Cutoff ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Triglyceride Glucose Index ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Optimal Cutoff Point

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) evaluation is a fundamental goal in clinical and epidemiological research. However, the most widely used methods are difficult to apply to populations with low incomes. The triglyceride-glucose index (TGI) emerges as an alternative to use in daily clinical practice. Therefore the objective of this study was to determine an optimal cutoff point for the TGI in an adult population from Maracaibo, Venezuela. Methods: This is a sub-study of Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study, a descriptive, cross-sectional study with random and multi-stage sampling. For this analysis, 2004 individuals of both genders ≥18 years old with basal insulin determination and triglycerides < 500 mg/dl were evaluated.. A reference population was selected according to clinical and metabolic criteria to plot ROC Curves specific for gender and age groups to determine the optimal cutoff point according to sensitivity and specificity.The TGI was calculated according to the equation: ln [Fasting triglyceride (mg / dl) x Fasting glucose (mg / dl)] / 2. Results: The TGI in the general population was 4.6±0.3 (male: 4.66±0.34 vs. female: 4.56±0.33, p=8.93x10-10). The optimal cutoff point was 4.49, with a sensitivity of 82.6% and specificity of 82.1% (AUC=0.889, 95% CI: 0.854-0.924). There were no significant differences in the predictive capacity of the index when evaluated according to gender and age groups. Those individuals with TGI≥4.5 had higher HOMA2-IR averages than those with TGI <4.5 (2.48 vs 1.74, respectively, p<0.001). Conclusions: The TGI is a measure of interest to identify IR in the general population. We propose a single cutoff point of 4.5 to classify individuals with IR. Future studies should evaluate the predictive capacity of this index to determine atypical metabolic phenotypes, type 2 diabetes mellitus and even cardiovascular risk in our population.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoan infection among symptomatic and asymptomatic populations in rural and urban areas of southern Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumia Sebaa ◽  
Jerzy M. Behnke ◽  
Djamel Baroudi ◽  
Ahcene Hakem ◽  
Marawan A. Abu-Madi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Protozoan Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections are amongst the most common infections worldwide and have been identified as one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality among disadvantaged populations. This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of intestinal protozoan infections and to identify the significant risk factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections in Laghouat province, Southern Algeria. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 623 symptomatic and 1654 asymptomatic subjects. Structured questionnaires were used to identify environmental, socio demographic and behavioral factors. Stool specimens were collected and examined using direct wet mount, formalin-ether concentration, xenic in vitro culture and staining methods. Results A highly significant difference of prevalence was found between symptomatic (82.3%) and asymptomatic subjects (14.9%), with the majority attributable to protozoan infection. The most common species in the symptomatic subjects were Blastocystis spp. (43.8%), E. histolytica/dispar (25.4%) and Giardia intestinalis (14.6%) and more rarely Enterobius vermicularis (02.1%), Teania spp. (0.6%) and Trichuris trichiura (0.2%), while in asymptomatic population Blastocystis spp. (8%), Entamoeba coli (3.3%) and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (2.5%) were the most common parasites detected with no case of helminth infection. Multivariate log-linear analysis showed that contact with animals was the main risk factor for transmission of these protozoa in both populations. Furthermore, living in rural areas was significantly associated with combined protozoan infection in the asymptomatic population, whereas, in the symptomatic population an increasing trend of protozoan infection was detected in the hot season. In addition, Blastocystis spp. and G. intestinalis infection were found to be associated with host sex and contact with animals across the study period. Conclusions Based on these results, several strategies are recommended in order to effectively reduce these infections including good animal husbandry practices, health education focused on good personal hygiene practices and adequate sanitation.

Frequency of Crowding in patients reporting at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1908-1909
Author(s):  
Zubair Hassan Awaisi ◽  
Muhammad Azeem ◽  
Faisal BDS ◽  
Hafiza Asma Jawaid ◽  
Muhammad Haseeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Chi Square Test

Aim: To determine the frequency of crowding in patients reporting at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan. Methods: A total of 200 patients (126 females, 74 males) having malocclusion in permanent dentition were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients in the age group 7years and above were included in the study. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version20.0. Cross tabulations were performed for gender and age groups and chi square test was used to determine association. Results: The frequency of crowding was found to be 29%. The percentage of crowding in males was 12% and females 17 %. While the frequency of crowding was 31% in males and 28% in females. It was found that there was a decrease in crowding with increasing age in both genders. Conclusion: Crowding was more frequent in females than males. Keywords: Malocclusion, Alignment, Orthodontics

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