Protective Role of Melatonin and Coenzyme Q10 in Ochratoxin A Toxicity in Rat Liver and Kidney

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Sutken ◽  
Erinc Aral ◽  
Filiz Ozdemir ◽  
Sema Uslu ◽  
Ozkan Alatas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Coenzyme Q ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Melatonin (MEL) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) both display antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties. In the present study, the effect of MEL and CoQ10 on the oxidative stress and fibrosis induced by ochratoxin A (OTA) administration in rats was investigated. Rats were divided into five equal groups, each consisting of seven rats: (1) controls; (2) OTA-treated rats (289 μg/kg/day); (3) OTA+MEL–treated rats (289 μg/kg/day OTA + 10 mg/kg/day MEL); and (4) OTA+CoQ10–treated rats (289 μg/kg/day OTA +1 mg/100 g/day body weight (bw) CoQ10). After 4 weeks of treatment, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) were measured in the homogenates of liver and kidney. In the OTA-treated group, the levels of MDA and Hyp in both liver and kidney were significantly increased when compared with the levels of control, whereas GPx activities decreased. In OTA+MEL–treated rats, the levels of MDA and Hyp in both liver and kidney were significantly decreased when compared with the levels of OTA-treated rats; however; GPX activities increased. In the OTA+CoQ10–treated group, the levels of MDA and Hyp were decreased when compared with the levels of OTA-treated rats, whereas GPx activities increased. In the OTA+CoQ 10–treated group, the levels of MDA, Hyp, and GPx were not significantly changed in kidney when compared with OTA-treated group. MEL has a protective effect against OTA toxicity through an inhibition of the oxidative damage and fibrosis both liver and kidney. Although CoQ10 has protective effect against OTA toxicity in liver tissue, it has no effect in kidney tissue.

scholarly journals Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e104-e109
Author(s):  
Antonio Molina-Carballo ◽  
Antonio Emilio Jerez-Calero ◽  
Antonio Muñoz-Hoyos
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Energetic Metabolism ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Molecular Crosstalk

AbstractMelatonin, produced in every cell that possesses mitochondria, acts as an endogenous free radical scavenger, and improves energetic metabolism and immune function, by complex molecular crosstalk with other intracellular compounds. There is greatly increasing evidence regarding beneficial effects of acute and chronic administration of high melatonin doses, in infectious, developmental, and degenerative pathologies, as an endothelial cell and every cell protectant.

scholarly journals Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Caspase-3 in Cortical Infarction after Photothrombotic Ischemia in Mice

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1690-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyung W. Kim ◽  
Taku Sugawara ◽  
Pak H. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Ischemic Lesion ◽  
Related Cell

Apoptosis-related cell death is linked to oxidative stress and caspases in experimental cerebral ischemia, However, the role of oxidative stress in caspase activation and subsequent apoptotic cell death after cerebral ischemia is unknown, The authors evaluated the role of oxidative stress in ischemic cerebral infarction after photothrombosis and the relation between oxidative stress and caspase-related cell death 6 and 24 hours after ischemia with and without U-74389G, a potent free radical scavenger (10 mg/kg, 30 minutes before and after ischemia induction). Reactive oxygen species, detected by hydroethidine oxidation, and cytosolic cytochrome c were detected in early ischemic lesions. Western blot analysis showed the cleaved form and the level of the proform of caspase-3 in the ischemic lesion 24 hours after ischemia. Decreased caspase-3 immunoreactivity was detected in the antioxidant-treated group after ischemia. Decreased DNA fragmentation and laddering were detected and the lesion was smaller in the treated group after ischemia compared with the untreated group. Oxidative stress and cytochrome c release occur in the ischemic lesion after photothrombotic ischemia. The free radical scavenger attenuated caspase-3 up-regulation, DNA fragmentation, and the final lesion. The authors concluded that oxidative stress may mediate caspase-related apoptotic cell death and subsequent cortical infarction after photothrombotic ischemia.

N-acetylcysteine administration alters the response to inspiratory loading in oxygen-supplemented rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1119-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Supinski ◽  
D. Stofan ◽  
R. Ciufo ◽  
A. Dimarco
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Respiratory Arrest ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Resistive Load ◽  
Loaded Breathing

Supinski, G. S., D. Stofan, R. Ciufo, and A. DiMarco. N-acetylcysteine administration alters the response to inspiratory loading in oxygen-supplemented rats. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(4): 1119–1125, 1997.—Based on recent studies, it has been suggested that free radicals are elaborated in the respiratory muscles during strenuous contractions and contribute to the development of muscle fatigue. If this theory is correct, then it should be possible to attenuate the development of diaphragm fatigue and/or delay the onset of respiratory failure during loaded breathing by administering a free radical scavenger. The purpose of the present experiment was, therefore, to examine the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger and glutathione precursor, on the evolution of respiratory failure in decerebrate unanesthetized rats breathing against a large inspiratory resistive load. We compared the inspiratory volume and pressure generation over time in animals pretreated with either saline or NAC (150 mg/kg) and then loaded until respiratory arrest. After arrest, the diaphragm was excised, and samples were assayed for reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione. As a control, we also assessed respiratory function and glutathione concentrations in groups of nonloaded saline- and NAC-treated animals. We found that NAC-treated animals were able to tolerate loading better than the saline-treated group, maintaining higher inspiratory pressures and sustaining higher inspired volumes. Administration of NAC also increased the time that animals could tolerate loading before the development of respiratory arrest. In addition, although saline-treated loaded animals had significant reductions in diaphragmatic GSH levels compared with unloaded controls, the magnitude of this reduction was blunted by NAC administration (i.e., GSH averaged 965 ± 113, 568 ± 83, 907 ± 39, and 784 ± 61 nmol/g for unloaded-saline, loaded-saline, unloaded-NAC, and loaded-NAC groups, P< 0.05, with the value for the loaded-saline group lower than the values for the two unloaded groups; GSH for the loaded-NAC group was not different, however, from unloaded controls). These data demonstrate that administration of NAC, a free radical scavenger, slows the rate of development of respiratory failure during inspiratory resistive loading.

scholarly journals Naringenin Release to Biomembrane Models by Incorporation into Nanoparticles. Experimental Evidence Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Surfaces ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-305
Author(s):  
Cristina Torrisi ◽  
Marco Di Guardia ◽  
Francesco Castelli ◽  
Maria Grazia Sarpietro
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
Cell Level ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Naringenin (4′,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone-7-rhamnoglucosideor naringenin-7-rhamnoglucoside), a flavonoid present in large quantities in citrus, has different beneficial effects on human health as an antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory, carbohydrate metabolism promoter, and immune system modulator. Different studies have shown that this substance also has a hypoglycemic and antihypertensive effect, reduces cholesterol and triglycerides, and plays an important protective role in the heart tissue; moreover, it provides neuroprotection against various neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and unpredictable chronic stress-induced depression. Despite these advantages, Naringenin is poorly absorbed, and the small percentage absorbed is rapidly degraded by the liver, as a result losing its activity. Several approaches have been attempted to overcome these obstacles, among them, nanotechnology, with the use of Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) as Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC). DDS can, in fact, improve the drug bioavailability. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize SLN and NLC containing Naringenin and to evaluate the ability of these nanoparticles to release Naringenin at the cell level using biomembrane models represented by Multilamellar Vesicles (MLV). These studies were performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry, a powerful technique to detect the interaction of drugs and delivery systems with MLV. It was shown that Naringenin could be better incorporated into NLC with respect to SLN and that Naringenin could be released by NLC into the biomembrane model. Therefore, suggesting the administration of Naringenin loaded into nanoparticles could help avoid the disadvantages associated with the use of the free molecule.

scholarly journals Useful Effects of Melatonin in Peripheral Nerve Injury and Development of the Nervous System

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. e1-e6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yigit Uyanikgil ◽  
Turker Cavusoglu ◽  
Kubilay Kılıc ◽  
Gurkan Yigitturk ◽  
Servet Celik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Free Radical Scavenger ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Nerve Injuries ◽  
Age Related

This review summarizes the role of melatonin (MLT) in defense against toxic-free radicals and its novel effects in the development of the nervous system, and the effect of endogenously produced and exogenously administered MLT in reducing the degree of tissue and nerve injuries. MLT was recently reported to be an effective free radical scavenger and antioxidant. Since endogenous MLT levels fall significantly in senility, these findings imply that the loss of this antioxidant could contribute to the incidence or severity of some age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the high efficacy of MLT in overcoming much of the injury not only to the peripheral nerve but also to other organs, clinical trials for this purpose should be seriously considered.

Cadmium and nickel co‐exposure exacerbates genotoxicity and not oxido‐inflammatory stress in liver and kidney of rats: Protective role of omega‐3 fatty acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon E. Owumi ◽  
Yusuff O. Olayiwola ◽  
Gbenga E. Alao ◽  
Michael A. Gbadegesin ◽  
Oyeronke A. Odunola
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Stress ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Liver And Kidney

scholarly journals Protective role of ceftriaxone plus sulbactam with VRP1034 on oxidative stress, hematological and enzymatic parameters in cadmium toxicity induced rat model

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Dwivedi ◽  
Anuj Bhatanagar ◽  
Manu Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group

ABSTRACT We investigated the protective role of ceftriaxone plus sulbactam with VRP1034 (Elores) on hematological, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymatic activities and Cd levels in the blood and tissues of cadmium exposed rats. Twenty-four male rats were divided into three groups of eight rats each. The control group received distilled water whereas group II received CdCl2 (1.5 mg/4 ml/body weight) through gastric gavage for 21 days. Group III received CdCl2 and was treated with ceftriaxone plus sulbactam with VRP1034 for 21 days. The hematological, biochemical, lipid per-oxidation levels and enzymatic parameters were measured in plasma and tissues (brain, liver and kidney) of all groups. The Cd, Zn and Fe levels were measured in blood and tissues of all groups. Our findings showed significantly decreased cadmium (p<0.001), malonaldialdehyde (p<0.001) and myloperoxidase (MPO) levels along with significantly increased hemoglobin (p<0.01), RBC (p<0.05), hematocrit (p<0.05) levels and all antioxidant enzymatic activities (SOD, CAT, GR, GPx) in plasma and tissues of ceftriaxone plus sulbactam with VRP1034 treated group as compared to cadmium exposed group. Delta aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALAD) activity was significantly (p<0.001) increased in the blood of ceftriaxone plus sulbactam with VRP1034 treated group as compared with cadmium exposed group. The levels of hepatic and renal parameters were significantly (p<0.001) decreased in ceftriaxone plus sulbactam with VRP1034 treated group as compared to cadmium exposed group. These findings indicate that ceftriaxone plus sulbactam with VRP1034 acts as a potent free radical scavenger and exhibits metal chelating properties that reduce free radical mediated tissue injury and prevent dysfunction of hepatic and renal organs during metal intoxication.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus Infection Induced Oxidative Imbalance in Neutrophils: Possible Protective Role of Nanoconjugated Vancomycin

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhankari Prasad Chakraborty ◽  
Panchanan Pramanik ◽  
Somenath Roy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Similar Dose ◽  
Cellular Components

Staphylococcus aureus infection causes oxidative stress in neutrophils. The immune cells use reactive oxygen species (ROS) for carrying out their normal functions while an excess amount of ROS can attack cellular components that lead to cell damage. The present study was aimed to test the protective role of nanoconjugated vancomycin against vancomycin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) infection induced oxidative stress in neutrophils. VSSA- and VRSA-infection were developed in Swiss mice by intraperitoneal injection of 5×106 CFU/mL bacterial solutions. Nanoconjugated vancomycin was treated to VSSA- and VRSA-infected mice at its effective dose for 10 days. Vancomycin was treated to VSSA and VRSA infected mice at similar dose, respectively, for 10 days. The result reveals that in vivo VSSA and VRSA infection significantly increases the level of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, oxidized glutathione level, and nitrite generation and decreases the level of reduced glutathione, antioxidant enzyme status, and glutathione-dependent enzymes as compared to control group; which were increased or decreased significantly near to normal in nanoconjugated vancomycin-treated group. These finding suggests the potential use and beneficial protective role of nanoconjugated vancomycin against VSSA and VRSA infection induced oxidative imbalance in neutrophils.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document