Intact language skills and semantic processing speed following the use of fractionated cranial irradiation therapy for the treatment of childhood medulloblastoma: A 4-year follow-up study

Neurocase ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona M. Lewis ◽  
Bruce E. Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Cranial Irradiation ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Irradiation Therapy ◽  
Childhood Medulloblastoma

scholarly journals A Longitudinal 5-Year Follow-Up Study of Cognitive Function After First Episode Major Depressive Disorder: Exploring State, Scar and Trait Effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eivind Haga Ronold ◽  
Marit Therese Schmid ◽  
Ketil Joachim Oedegaard ◽  
Åsa Hammar
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Episode

Major depression (MDD) is associated with cognitive deficits in processing speed and executive function (EF) following first episode (FE). It is unclear whether deficits are state or trait related. Studies following FE MDD over longer periods are lacking, making it uncertain how cognition and symptoms develop after the initial episode. The present study assessed cognitive function and symptoms 5 years following FE MDD. In addition, the study explored relationships between MDD symptoms, rumination, and cognitive deficits with regards to the trait, state, and scar perspective. Twenty-three participants with previous FE MDD, and 20 matched control participants were compared on Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System measures of processing speed and EF, in a 5-year longitudinal follow-up study. Correlations between current symptoms- and history of MDD, rumination, cognition were investigated. Findings indicated that cognitive deficits persisted with no clear signs of exacerbation after initial episode. Inhibition appeared independent of current and previous symptoms of depression. Processing speed was related to depressive- symptoms and rumination. In conclusion, results indicated persisting, stable deficits in both EFs and processing speed. Findings further suggest that depressive symptoms could be related to deficits in processing speed, indicating state effects. There was limited support for worsening of cognition after initial episode. Some aspects of EF like Inhibition could show persistent deficits independent of depressive symptoms indicating trait effects.

Longitudinal Study of Cognitive Variables in Women with Schizophrenia: 31-Year Follow-Up Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Sanguino-Andrés ◽  
José Antonio López-Villalobos ◽  
Emilio González-Pablos ◽  
Violeta Guarido-Rivera ◽  
Clara González-Sanguino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Verbal Iq ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Icd 10

AbstractObjective: To longitudinally analyze the course of cognitive dimensions in schizophrenic women over a period of 31 years. Method: Accidental sampling. Developmental longitudinal design. Diagnosis according to the ICD-10. Thirty institutionalized women were evaluated using the WAIS on three separate occasions (in 1981, 1997, and 2012). The data were analyzed using a repeated measures split-plot method. Results: Patients scored one to two standard deviations below the average on the WAIS. At all three evaluation times, they scored consistently, significantly worse on Performance IQ scales than on Verbal IQ in the following sequence: Processing Speed (PS) < Perceptual Organization (PO) < Working Memory (WM) < Verbal Comprehension (VC). Longitudinally, there was a significant, linear average trend that was stable between the first and second assessments, with a significant drop in scores at the third evaluation on Performance IQ (η2 = .586) and Verbal IQ scales (η2 = .299). The same trend was observed in PS (η2 = .655) and WM (η2 = .438), while PO decreased across the three evaluations (η2 = .509) and no difference in VC was found (η2 = .126). Conclusion: Patients with schizophrenia presented with a low cognitive level. Longitudinally, they had a stable, differential profile of WAIS factors until late life, when performance dropped significantly.

Changes in the frequency of benign focal spikes accompany changes in central information processing speed: A prospective 2-year follow-up study

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C.M. Ebus ◽  
D.M. IJff ◽  
J.T. den Boer ◽  
M.J.H. van Hall ◽  
S. Klinkenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals Childhood Language Skills and Adult Literacy: A 29-Year Follow-up Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (3) ◽  
pp. e459-e466 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Schoon ◽  
S. Parsons ◽  
R. Rush ◽  
J. Law
Keyword(s):  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals Communication abilities of non-standard language speaking children: A follow-up study

1987 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erna Alant
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Standard Language ◽  
Functional Interactions ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Speech And Language Pathologists ◽  
One Year ◽  
Formal School

There has recently been a growing awareness among speech and language pathologists about the problems of the non-standard language speaker when entering the school situation where standard language is predominantly used. This study deals with preschool non-standard language speaker and aims to investigate whether and to what extent the children's language and interaction patterns change after one-year exposure to a formal school situation. Results indicate that although certain language skills do change, the functional interactions patterns of these children tend to remain the same. These findings are interpreted within a social context and implications for intervention discussed.

Electron Microscopy of Human Gallstones

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 296-297
Author(s):  
C. Wolpers ◽  
R. Blaschke
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Triclinic Crystal System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Main Components

Scanning microscopy was used to study the surface of human gallstones and the surface of fractures. The specimens were obtained by operation, washed with water, dried at room temperature and shadowcasted with carbon and aluminum. Most of the specimens belong to patients from a series of X-ray follow-up study, examined during the last twenty years. So it was possible to evaluate approximately the age of these gallstones and to get information on the intensity of growing and solving.Cholesterol, a group of bile pigment substances and different salts of calcium, are the main components of human gallstones. By X-ray diffraction technique, infra-red spectroscopy and by chemical analysis it was demonstrated that all three components can be found in any gallstone. In the presence of water cholesterol crystallizes in pane-like plates of the triclinic crystal system.

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