Reassessing the integrated model of advice-giving in supportive interactions: the moderating roles of need for cognition and communication styles

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Ildo Kim ◽  
Bo Feng ◽  
JooYoung Jang ◽  
Bingqing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Advice Giving

Advisor Interaction Goals and Verbal Messages: Merging a Multiple Goals Approach and the Integrated Model of Advice Giving

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-317
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Guntzviller ◽  
Manuel D. Pulido ◽  
Danni Liao ◽  
Chelsea P. Butkowski
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Relational Satisfaction ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Multiple Goals ◽  
Advice Giving ◽  
Verbal Messages ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction ◽  
Qualitative Analyses ◽  
Interaction Goals

Based on the integrated model of advice giving and theorizing about interaction goals, we examined how advisors’ goal intensity and complexity predicted perceptions of advisor harmfulness and helpfulness. We also examined predictors of goal intensity and complexity, such as advisors’ relational satisfaction with recipients, which generally increased goal intensity and complexity. Recipients and advisors rated advisors’ behaviors as more helpful when advisors reported greater intensity of the problem-solving goal but not the other three goals (emotional support, eliciting disclosure, and facilitating reappraisal). However, recipients and advisors rated advisors’ behaviors as more harmful when advisors had low versus moderate or high goal complexity. Qualitative analyses of conversation transcripts revealed patterns of interaction behavior associated with goal intensity and complexity. We discuss how goal intensity and complexity may relate to advisors’ messages and interaction patterns during the conversation, and therefore recipient and advisor perceptions of advisors’ helpfulness and harmfulness.

Advice Padded With Encouragement: A Preliminary Assessment of an Extended Integrated Model of Advice Giving in Supportive Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-348
Author(s):  
Yining Zhou Malloch ◽  
Bo Feng ◽  
Bingqing Wang ◽  
Chelsea Kim
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Advice Giving ◽  
Sequence Study ◽  
Advice Quality

The integrated model of advice giving (IMA) proposes that advising in supportive interactions should be carried out in three sequential moves: emotional support—problem inquiry and analysis—advice (EPA). Prior research indicates the utility of this framework for effective advising in supportive interactions. The current project proposed and tested an extended integrated model of advice giving, adding eSteem support (S) as a fourth move in the sequence. Two experiments were conducted. Study 1 included 371 participants recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk. Results showed that the emotional support—problem inquiry and analysis—advice—eSteem support (EPAS) sequence did not elicit significantly higher evaluations of advice quality compared with the EPA or emotional support—problem inquiry and analysis—eSteem support—advice (EPSA) sequence. Study 2 replicated Study 1 with 364 college students and found that, compared with the other two sequences, the EPAS sequence did not produce significantly higher evaluations of advice quality or intention to follow advice. Theoretical implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Multilinguistic Components of Spelling: An Overview

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Barber
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Model ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Language System ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Intervention Plan ◽  
Semantic Awareness

Spelling is a window into a student's individual language system and, therefore, canprovide clues into the student's understanding, use, and integration of underlyinglinguistic skills. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) should be involved in improvingstudents' literacy skills, including spelling, though frequently available measures ofspelling do not provide adequate information regarding critical underlying linguistic skillsthat contribute to spelling. This paper outlines a multilinguistic, integrated model of wordstudy (Masterson & Apel, 2007) that highlights the important influences of phonemicawareness, orthographic pattern awareness, semantic awareness, morphologicalawareness and mental graphemic representations on spelling. An SLP can analyze anindividual's misspellings to identify impairments in specific linguistic components andthen develop an individualized, appropriate intervention plan tailored to a child's uniquelinguistic profile, thus maximizing intervention success.

Wiser Reasoning and Less Disgust Have the Potential to Better Achieve Suicide Prevention

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chao S. Hu ◽  
Jiajia Ji ◽  
Jinhao Huang ◽  
Zhe Feng ◽  
Dong Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Suicide Method ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Advice Giving ◽  
Prevention Techniques

Abstract. Background: High school and university teachers need to advise students against attempting suicide, the second leading cause of death among 15–29-year-olds. Aims: To investigate the role of reasoning and emotion in advising against suicide. Method: We conducted a study with 130 students at a university that specializes in teachers' education. Participants sat in front of a camera, videotaping their advising against suicide. Three raters scored their transcribed advice on "wise reasoning" (i.e., expert forms of reasoning: considering a variety of conditions, awareness of the limitation of one's knowledge, taking others' perspectives). Four registered psychologists experienced in suicide prevention techniques rated the transcripts on the potential for suicide prevention. Finally, using the software Facereader 7.1, we analyzed participants' micro-facial expressions during advice-giving. Results: Wiser reasoning and less disgust predicted higher potential for suicide prevention. Moreover, higher potential for suicide prevention was associated with more surprise. Limitations: The actual efficacy of suicide prevention was not assessed. Conclusion: Wise reasoning and counter-stereotypic ideas that trigger surprise probably contribute to the potential for suicide prevention. This advising paradigm may help train teachers in advising students against suicide, measuring wise reasoning, and monitoring a harmful emotional reaction, that is, disgust.

Investment Traits and Intelligence in Adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie von Stumm
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Intelligence Tests ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Intelligence-as-knowledge in adulthood is influenced by individual differences in intelligence-as-process (i.e., fluid intelligence) and in personality traits that determine when, where, and how people invest their intelligence over time. Here, the relationship between two investment traits (i.e., Openness to Experience and Need for Cognition), intelligence-as-process and intelligence-as-knowledge, as assessed by a battery of crystallized intelligence tests and a new knowledge measure, was examined. The results showed that (1) both investment traits were positively associated with intelligence-as-knowledge; (2) this effect was stronger for Openness to Experience than for Need for Cognition; and (3) associations between investment and intelligence-as-knowledge reduced when adjusting for intelligence-as-process but remained mostly significant.

Election Poster Persuasion

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Schott ◽  
Jule Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Policy Evaluation ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Additional Measure ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Policy Statements ◽  
Voting Intentions

Abstract. We examined the effect of presenting unknown policy statements on German parties’ election posters. Study 1 showed that participants inferred the quality of a presented policy from knowledge about the respective political party. Study 2 showed that participants’ own political preferences influenced valence estimates: policy statements presented on campaign posters of liked political parties were rated significantly more positive than those presented on posters of disliked political parties. Study 3 replicated the findings of Study 2 with an additional measure of participants’ need for cognition. Need for cognition scores were unrelated to the valence transfer from political parties to policy evaluation. Study 4 replicated the findings of Studies 2 and 3 with an additional measure of participants’ voting intentions. Voting intentions were a significant predictor for valence transfer. Participants credited both their individually liked and disliked political parties for supporting the two unknown policies. However, the credit attributed to the liked party was significantly higher than to the disliked one. Study 5 replicated the findings of Studies 2, 3, and 4. Additionally, participants evaluated political clubs that were associated with the same policies previously presented on election posters. Here, a second-degree transfer emerged: from party valence to policy evaluation and from policy evaluation to club evaluation. Implications of the presented studies for policy communications and election campaigning are discussed.

Meta-Cognition Predicts Attitude Depolarization and Intentions to Engage With the Opposition Following Pro-Attitudinal Advocacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 408-421
Author(s):  
Ravini S. Abeywickrama ◽  
Simon M. Laham
Keyword(s):  
Need For Cognition

Abstract. Across two studies we show that attitudes can paradoxically depolarize when people advocate for their own opinions. In Study 1 ( n = 276), we show that attitude depolarization is driven by how much meta-cognitive confidence people place in their advocacy attempt, such that those who experience low confidence during advocacy are more likely to depolarize. In Study 2 ( n = 495), we show that meta-cognitive confidence predicts communicative intentions, such as intentions to engage with those holding dissimilar views. In Study 2, we also show that the confidence–polarization and confidence–engagement links are unaffected by audience attitudes, but are moderated by Need-for-Cognition. The findings suggest that confidence and level of elaboration may predict some self-persuasive effects of pro-attitudinal advocacy.

Need for Cognition as a Moderator of Social Loafing

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie A. Kerr ◽  
Brian N. Smith ◽  
Michael J. Markus ◽  
Mark F. Stasson
Keyword(s):  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Social Loafing
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