Advice Padded With Encouragement: A Preliminary Assessment of an Extended Integrated Model of Advice Giving in Supportive Interactions

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-348
Author(s):  
Yining Zhou Malloch ◽  
Bo Feng ◽  
Bingqing Wang ◽  
Chelsea Kim
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Advice Giving ◽  
Sequence Study ◽  
Advice Quality

The integrated model of advice giving (IMA) proposes that advising in supportive interactions should be carried out in three sequential moves: emotional support—problem inquiry and analysis—advice (EPA). Prior research indicates the utility of this framework for effective advising in supportive interactions. The current project proposed and tested an extended integrated model of advice giving, adding eSteem support (S) as a fourth move in the sequence. Two experiments were conducted. Study 1 included 371 participants recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk. Results showed that the emotional support—problem inquiry and analysis—advice—eSteem support (EPAS) sequence did not elicit significantly higher evaluations of advice quality compared with the EPA or emotional support—problem inquiry and analysis—eSteem support—advice (EPSA) sequence. Study 2 replicated Study 1 with 364 college students and found that, compared with the other two sequences, the EPAS sequence did not produce significantly higher evaluations of advice quality or intention to follow advice. Theoretical implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Consumer perception of portable ladder hazards and warnings

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 411-415
Author(s):  
Kenneth Nemire
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Consumer Perceptions ◽  
Consumer Perception ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Warning Labels ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Survey Tool

This article describes the results of a survey intended as a preliminary assessment of consumer perceptions of the hazardousness of portable ladders and the warning labels provided on portable ladders. One hundred ten participants responded to an online survey tool called Amazon Mechanical Turk. The survey collected information about participants’ use of ladders, their ratings of familiarity with ladders, perceived hazardousness of portable ladders, and perception of warning labels on portable ladders. Results indicated a small but significant relationship between familiarity with ladders and their perceived hazardousness, and that participants thought that people should be warned about the hazards associated with ladder use. Implications for future research about consumer perception of portable ladder hazards and warnings are described.

Ratings of the Effectiveness of Warnings on Consumer Paint Stripper Products

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 480-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Nemire
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Labeling Requirements ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines ◽  
Study Participants

Accidental inhalation of vapors from paint stripper products containing methylene chloride has resulted in injuries and deaths. Warnings on paint stripper products may play a role in reducing the number and severity of injuries resulting from using them. Warning labels consistent with Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) and American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z535.4 formatting were evaluated by 159 university students and by 173 Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) workers. Results indicated that both groups rated the ANSI-formatted warnings as more effective (more likely to be noticed, read, understood, and followed) than the FHSA-formatted warnings, providing support for both use of crowdsourcing as a reliable and valid source for study participants to evaluate warnings, as well as for updating FHSA labeling requirements to include evidence-based guidelines on warning effectiveness. Implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Mindfulness as Practice: A Network Analysis of FMI data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Smith ◽  
Heather Kempton ◽  
Matt Williams ◽  
Clifford van Ommen
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variable ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Mindfulness Practice ◽  
Network Density ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mindfulness Practices ◽  
Alternative Methodology

ObjectiveBy committing to latent variable models, mindfulness research has aimed to transform observable practices into an identifiable real ‘mindfulness’ experience which is claimed to exist beyond what is directly observed. Recently, an alternative methodology has been developed which allows mindfulness to be modelled as a complex system or network at the level of self-report. This study hypothesised that a more densely connected network of observable practices is indicative of a greater level of development of mindfulness. MethodsMindfulness networks were estimated for practitioners and non-practitioners using the Friedberg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). A total of 371 regular mindfulness practitioners, 224 non-practitioners and 59 irregular practitioners were recruited online from the Amazon Mechanical Turk database. ResultsComparisons of practitioners’ and non-practitioners’ networks indicated that network density did not significantly differ, whereas evidence was found in support of a significant difference in network structure. An exploratory analysis revealed that the FMI item representing the mindfulness practice of Acceptance was substantially more central in the Practitioners FMI network, relative to its position in the Non-practitioners FMI network. FMI items representing the mindfulness practices of Self-kindness and Returning to the Present were substantially more peripheral to the practitioners FMI network relative to their position in the non-practitioners FMI network. Conclusions.The study provides proof-of-principle support for investigating mindfulness as a complex network at the level of self-report. However, the lack of difference in network density indicates that future research is needed to examine network dynamics in the context of regular mindfulness practice.

How the Other Half Thinks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Blunden ◽  
Francesca Gino
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Advice Giving ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Advisor Role ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

This chapter integrates research on advice interactions, motivations for advising, and the psychological consequences of serving in an advisor role to develop a more comprehensive perspective on the psychology of advising. By connecting this work, which spans various methodologies and theoretical foundations, it advances current thinking on advice giving in two primary ways. First, in examining the diversity of motivations for advice giving, it extends the set of advice-exchange outcomes to be considered beyond those previously emphasized. Second, it highlights previously unexplored aspects of the advisor role that are likely to impact the advice-giving experience. The chapter concludes by providing recommendations for advisors and identifying areas ripe for future research to illuminate the advisor side of the advice-exchange process.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Advice-giving among Jordanian Undergraduate Students at BAU

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser Al-Shboul ◽  
Adnan Abumahfouz
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Female Students ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Opting Out ◽  
Advice Giving ◽  
Data Collection Instrument ◽  
Multiple Choice Questionnaire

This study aims to investigate the differences in the understanding of how to give advice among Jordanian male and female students at Al- Balqa' Applied University (henceforth, BAU). In addition, it aims to provide explanations of these prominent differences between the two participating groups. Hinkel’s (1997) Multiple Choice Questionnaire (MCQ) is used as a data collection instrument. The questionnaire is translated into Arabic to ensure that participants truly comprehend the situations. Results demonstrate that there are differences between the two participating groups. For example, Jordanian male students favour to give advice indirectly more than using hedge advice, direct advice and opting out in both peer acquaintance and instructor situations. On the other hand, Jordanian female students prefer to use hedge advice in responding to both peer acquaintance and instructor situations more frequently than using direct advice, indirect advice and opting out. The present study concludes with a discussion of essential directions for future research.

Advisor Interaction Goals and Verbal Messages: Merging a Multiple Goals Approach and the Integrated Model of Advice Giving

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-317
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Guntzviller ◽  
Manuel D. Pulido ◽  
Danni Liao ◽  
Chelsea P. Butkowski
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Relational Satisfaction ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Multiple Goals ◽  
Advice Giving ◽  
Verbal Messages ◽  
Patterns Of Interaction ◽  
Qualitative Analyses ◽  
Interaction Goals

Based on the integrated model of advice giving and theorizing about interaction goals, we examined how advisors’ goal intensity and complexity predicted perceptions of advisor harmfulness and helpfulness. We also examined predictors of goal intensity and complexity, such as advisors’ relational satisfaction with recipients, which generally increased goal intensity and complexity. Recipients and advisors rated advisors’ behaviors as more helpful when advisors reported greater intensity of the problem-solving goal but not the other three goals (emotional support, eliciting disclosure, and facilitating reappraisal). However, recipients and advisors rated advisors’ behaviors as more harmful when advisors had low versus moderate or high goal complexity. Qualitative analyses of conversation transcripts revealed patterns of interaction behavior associated with goal intensity and complexity. We discuss how goal intensity and complexity may relate to advisors’ messages and interaction patterns during the conversation, and therefore recipient and advisor perceptions of advisors’ helpfulness and harmfulness.

The Influence of Self-Disclosure in Online Support Seeking on Quality of Received Advice

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Skye Wingate ◽  
Bo Feng ◽  
Chelsea Kim ◽  
Wenjing Pan ◽  
JooYoung Jang
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Support ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Online Support ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Support Provision ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
Advice Quality

Advice of varying quality can be provided to support seekers online. This study examined whether the type of self-disclosure (demographic vs. self-concept) included in a support-seeking post elicits varying levels of advice quality in support provision. Participants ( N = 624) read and responded to an online support-seeking post. Their advice messages were assessed for quality as indexed by the use of reasoning and the sequencing of advice relative to other elements of supportive interactions (emotional support and problem inquiry and analysis). Overall, results suggested that most advice messages were behavior-oriented and did not contain reasoning or additional supportive acts. The type of self-disclosure did not affect advice quality. Theoretical implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Identity matters

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
Simone Mariconda ◽  
Alessandra Zamparini ◽  
Francesco Lurati
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Identity ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conceptually develop and empirically test a model according to which a crisis leads to a greater reputational damage when it is highly relevant to the firm’s organizational identity or highly relevant to stakeholders’ identity. Design/methodology/approach A total of 299 participants based in the USA were recruited online using the Amazon Mechanical Turk platform. The study uses a 2 (relevance of crisis to organizational identity: low vs high) × 2 (relevance of crisis to stakeholders’ identity: low vs high) between-subjects experimental design. Findings The results confirm the hypotheses that an organizational crisis leads to greater reputational damage when it is highly relevant to the firm’s organizational identity or when it is highly relevant to stakeholders’ identity. No significant interaction between the two variables was found. Research limitations/implications Future research could focus on further elaborating on how the two identity-related variables tested in this paper interact with other variables that have already been studied for moderating the effects of crises on reputation damage. Practical implications The paper reaffirms the deep interconnection between identity, stakeholders and reputation. Concretely, the results of the study suggest an informative way of mapping the degree to which risks or issues could potentially damage organizational reputation. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature by providing a more situational understanding of how the same exact crisis can damage the reputation of organizations differently. By doing so, the paper opens several new avenues for future research.

What Makes an Environmental Steward? An Individual Differences Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Plummer ◽  
Julia Baird ◽  
Gillian Dale
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Environmental Stewardship ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Environmental Perceptions ◽  
Leverage Point

Engaging in environmental stewardship is critical for sustainability. Understanding individual differences and engagement is an important gap in present scholarship and addressing it is necessary to understand individual factors that relate to the types of activities engaged in, motivations and barriers to environmental stewardship. We surveyed 637 Canadian and American adults via Amazon Mechanical Turk, querying a range of demographic, psychological and environmental perceptions factors as well as motivations and barriers to stewardship activities. Respondents were ultimately grouped into Non-Stewards, Home-Oriented Stewards and Community-Oriented Stewards. Few differences were found among these groups. However, Home-Oriented Stewards and Community-Oriented Stewards exhibited very different initial and ongoing motivations to engage in environmental stewardship. Accordingly, we identify stewardship motivations as a potential leverage point and as one of several promising avenues for future research related to enhancing engagement in environmental stewardship for the sustainability of the planet.

scholarly journals Who Wears the MAGA Hat? Racial Beliefs and Faith in Trump

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312199260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Graham ◽  
Francis T. Cullen ◽  
Leah C. Butler ◽  
Alexander L. Burton ◽  
Velmer S. Burton
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Mechanical Turk ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Racial Resentment ◽  
White Nationalism ◽  
The Impact

On the basis of a 2019 YouGov survey of white respondents ( n = 734), the impact of racial beliefs on support for Donald Trump was explored. The analysis revealed that in addition to racial resentment, white nationalism—a desire to keep the United States white demographically and culturally—was strongly related to faith in Trump. Analyses based on a 2019 Amazon Mechanical Turk survey yielded similar results and also showed that white nationalism increased willingness to wear a MAGA hat. Future research on the political consequences of racial beliefs should focus on what whites think not only of blacks but also of themselves.

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