Investigating the Mobility Capabilities and Functionings in Accessing Schools Through Walking: A Quantitative Assessment of Public and Private Schools in São Paulo (Brazil)

Background. Economic recessions carry an impact on population health and access to care; less is known on how health systems adapt to the conditions brought by a downturn. This particularly matters now that the COVID-19 epidemic is putting health systems under stress. Brazil is one of the world’s most affected countries, and its health system was already living the aftermath of the 2015 recession. Methods. Between 2018 and 2019 we conducted 46 semi-structured interviews with health practitioners, managers and policy-makers to explore the impact of the 2015 recession on public and private providers in prosperous (São Paulo) and impoverished (Maranhão) states in Brazil. Thematic analysis was employed to identify drivers and consequences of system adaptation and coping strategies. Nvivo software was used to aid data collection and analysis. We followed the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research to provide an account of the findings.Results. We found the concept of ‘health sector crisis’ to be politically charged among healthcare providers in São Paulo and Maranhão. Contrary to expectations, the public sector was reported to have found ways to compensate for diminishing federal funding, having outsourced services and adopted flexible – if insecure – working arrangements. Following a drop in employment and health plans, private health insurance companies streamlined their offer, at times at the expenses of coverage. Low-cost walk-in clinics were hit hard by the recession, but also credited for having moved to cater for higher-income customers in Maranhão.Conclusions. The ‘plates’ of a health system may shift and adjust in unexpected ways in response to recessions, and some of these changes might outlast the crisis. As low-income countries enter post-COVID recessions, it will be important to monitor the adjustments taking place in health systems, to ensure that past gains in access to care and job security are not eroded.

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Incidence of hospital‐acquired pressure injury: A cohort study of adults admitted to public and private hospitals in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Wound Repair and Regeneration ◽

10.1111/wrr.12868 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Leticia Faria Serpa ◽

Margarita Maria Ortiz ◽

Anne Chaves Lima ◽

Línea Bueno ◽

Paula Cristina Nogueira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Private Hospitals ◽

Public And Private ◽

Pressure Injury ◽

Public And Private Hospitals ◽

Hospital Acquired

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Public and Private Responses to Social Exclusion among Youth in São Paulo

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science ◽

10.1177/0002716206288846 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 606 (1) ◽

pp. 216-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Pedro Jacobi

Keyword(s):

Social Exclusion ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Public And Private

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A DESTINAÇÃO FINAL DOS RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS: ALTERNATIVAS PARA A CIDADE DE SÃO PAULO ATRAVÉS DE CASOS DE SUCESSO

Future Studies Research Journal Trends and Strategies ◽

10.24023/futurejournal/2175-5825/2013.v5i1.112 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 96-129

Author(s):

Ana Karolina Tanaka Seara ◽

Marilson Alves Gonçalves ◽

André De Azevedo Amedomar

Keyword(s):

Waste Disposal ◽

Reverse Logistics ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Domestic Waste ◽

Solid Domestic Waste ◽

Public And Private ◽

Sanitation Services ◽

Full Compliance ◽

Effective Manner

The article studies public sanitation services - in as much as solid domestic waste is concerned - within the municipality of São Paulo and employs as base year, that of 2010. Highlights include issues related to the current waste management model in the region and solutions are proposed to those deemed most critical, utilizing as benchmarks, adequate treatments conducted at other globalized cities. The bibliographical review seeks to elucidate concepts that are most aligned with the theme under study. Information concerning the management of solid domestic waste and reverse logistics in the private sector was gathered, whilst findings as to impairments observed in the municipality are listed. Local and international success cases concerning waste disposal were studied with views to encountering sources of potential improvements. It is understood that the adequate destination of residues, by means of recycling, composting or generation of fuels, calls for the population´s commitment in terms of developing separation and waste disposal habits, municipal administration involvement - in as much as supplying the required resources is concerned to ensure progress of alternatives - and finally, cannot do without reverse logistics actions undertaken by producing companies, in full compliance with existing federal rulings. In the quest to expand discussions concerning solid waste, the article attempts to include this matter - in a more effective manner - within strategic and investment decisions taken by both the public and private sectors.

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Sweat test and cystic fibrosis: overview of test performance at public and private centers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/s1806-37562016000000076 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 121-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Maria Fátima Servidoni ◽

Carla Cristina Souza Gomez ◽

Fernando Augusto Lima Marson ◽

Adyléia Aparecida Dalbo Contrera Toro ◽

Maria Ângela Gonçalves de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Test Performance ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

Sweat Test ◽

São Paulo ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

Qualified Personnel ◽

Increasing Demand

ABSTRACT Objective: The sweat test (ST) measures chloride levels in sweat and is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the reliability of a ST depends on their being performed by experienced technicians and in accordance with strict guidelines. Our aim was to evaluate how sweat stimulation, sweat collection, and chloride measurement are performed at 14 centers (9 public centers and 5 private centers) that routinely perform STs in the state of São Paulo, which has the highest frequency of CF in Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional cohort study, using a standardized questionnaire administered in loco to the staff responsible for conducting STs. Results: No uniformity regarding the procedures was found among the centers. Most centers were noncompliant with the international guidelines, especially regarding the collection of sweat (the samples were insufficient in 10-50% of the subjects tested); availability of stimulation equipment (which was limited at 2 centers); modernity and certification of stimulation equipment (most of the equipment having been used for 3-23 years); and written protocols (which were lacking at 12 centers). Knowledge of ST guidelines was evaluated at only 1 center. Conclusions: Our results show that STs largely deviate from internationally accepted guidelines at the participating centers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for standardization of STs, training of qualified personnel, and acquisition/certification of suitable equipment. These are essential conditions for a reliable diagnosis of CF, especially with the increasing demand due to newborn screening nationwide, and for the assessment of a possible clinical benefit from the use of modulator drugs.

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Hospitalization flow in the public and private systems in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005696 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Juan Stuardo Yazlle Rocha ◽

Rosane Aparecida Monteiro ◽

Marizélia Leão Moreira

Keyword(s):

Hospital Care ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

The State ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

São Paulo ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Care Access ◽

Flow Balance ◽

Migration Flows

OBJECTIVE To describe the migration flows of demand for public and private hospital care among the health regions of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Study based on a database of hospitalizations in the public and private systems of the state of Sao Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2006. We analyzed data from 17 health regions of the state, considering people hospitalized in their own health region and those who migrated outwards (emigration) or came from other regions (immigration). The index of migration effectiveness of patients from both systems was estimated. The coverage (hospitalization coefficient) was analyzed in relation to the number of inpatient beds per population and the indexes of migration effectiveness. RESULTS The index of migration effectiveness applied to the hospital care demand flow allowed characterizing health regions with flow balance, with high emigration of public and private patients, and with high attraction of public and private patients. CONCLUSIONS There are differences in hospital care access and opportunities among health regions in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil.

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Autonomy in face of school authority, bullying and school performance

Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) ◽

10.1590/1982-02752017000300007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 389-398

Author(s):

José Leon CROCHÍK

Keyword(s):

Academic Performance ◽

Public Schools ◽

School Performance ◽

Private Schools ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Ninth Graders ◽

São Paulo ◽

School Authority ◽

Victims Of Violence ◽

The Relationship

Abstract In order to verify the relationship between autonomy in face of authority, bullying and academic performance, we developed three scales that were applied to 274 ninth-graders from public schools in São Paulo, of which 122 were girls with a mean age of 14.1 years (SD = 0.8). It was found that the more students defended punishment for disobedience and respect for authority, the more frequently they were appointed as the best in class and vice versa; these students also considered being victims of violence, which indicates that even students with good performance do not necessarily develop autonomy in face of authority, as they may be following rules without thinking about them. Students who suffer violence tend not to be independent from authority. Further research including students from private schools could corroborate the results of this study.

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Social policies, neoliberalism and individualization in the periphery of São Paulo

Revista de Sociología ◽

10.5354/0719-529x.2019.54608 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Ricardo De Lima Jurca ◽

Aurea Maira Zöllner Ianni

Keyword(s):

Family Health ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Social Policies ◽

São Paulo ◽

Current Crisis ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Health Strategy ◽

Family Health Strategy ◽

Healthcare Program

The present article explores the expansion of the public and private health segment in response to the needs of the population of a peripheral sector of the South Zone of São Paulo, Brazil. Management of the sector is led from the margins of the capitalist peripheral State in the context of the current crisis of democracy which is driving a gradual individualization of social policies. As such, this management is both social and structural in nature. In addition to those users of the system who were interviewed, participants in the research included social leaders, Basic Health Unit (UBS) professionals, and agents of the Family Health Strategy (ESF) primary healthcare program. We focus on the continuities and discontinuities of public policies and highlight the important role that strategies of containment and reproduction of poverty have played in the process of legitimizing the democratic regime in Brazil.

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On Triangles and Houses: Conjectures on Space and the City in Relation to Some of Vilanova Artigas’s Houses in São Paulo

Space and Culture ◽

10.1177/1206331217705303 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 287-300

Author(s):

Leandro Medrano ◽

Luiz Recaman

Keyword(s):

Private Investment ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Public And Private ◽

Large Cities ◽

Architectural Patterns ◽

The Social ◽

Wide Range ◽

Urban Transformations ◽

The City

In São Paulo during the 1950s, a number of architectural projects for private residences had a significant impact on discussions concerning the relationship between architecture and the city within the context of industrial modernization and developmentism. The work of Vilanova Artigas (1915-1985) not only assembled the greatest number of theories on potential spatial and architectural configuration in this emerging peripheral metropolis but, from that moment onward, also had a permanent impact on Brazilian architecture. This was a period of expansive growth in the occupation and urbanization of Brazilian industrial cities and the problems thrown up by Vilanova Artigas’s architecture determined the endurance of architectural patterns which focused on a wide range of urbanity issues related to buildings which could not be controlled or changed by land occupations of that time. The aim of this work is to analyze the development of architectural and spatial patterns, which we believe, are at the root of the constructive experimentations in homes projected by Vilanova Artigas. Through his works, the architect was able to give shape to the social contradictions of the conservative modernization of South America’s greatest metropolis, São Paulo. The aim of this paper is to propose new topics which can assist the theorization of the difficult relationship between Brazilian architecture and the accelerated development of Brazil’s large cities. Brazil is currently undergoing a period of great urban transformations in the wake of the recent public and private investment in cities. Which local conceptions of architecture will counteract the processes of territorial degradation, a product of the aggression of economic movements driven by private conceptions of the collective space?

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NEOLIBERALISMO E INDIVIDUALIZAÇÃO NAS POLÍTICAS DE SAÚDE NA PERIFERIA SUL DE SÃO PAULO

Caderno CRH ◽

10.9771/ccrh.v33i0.30502 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 020037

Author(s):

Ricardo De Lima Jurca

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Health Services ◽

Santé Publique ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

São Paulo ◽

Services De Santé ◽

Public And Private ◽

Soins De Santé ◽

Sante Publique

Este artigo tem como objetivo compreender a expansão dos segmentos públicos e privados de saúde no atendimento da população de um território periférico da Zona Sul da cidade de São Paulo. Esta gestão é baseada nas mediações entre o Estado e os usuários dos Serviços Públicos de Saúde. Além dos usuários entrevistados, participaram da pesquisa, dirigentes sociais e agentes do programa de Atenção Primária de Saúde, a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). As questões propostas podem contribuir para identificar e repensar a produção da demanda nas redes sociais dos usuários com acesso aos serviços de saúde públicos e privados na região, e na ampliação da interface da gestão social do programa de saúde com as clínicas médicas populares na periferia de São Paulo. Os relatos mostram a relação dinâmica que existe entre as práticas, ações e a emergência do processo de individualização das políticas de saúde brasileiras. NEOLIBERALISM AND INDIVIDUALIZATION IN HEALTH POLICIES IN THE SOUTHERN PERIPHERY OF SÃO PAULOThis article aims to understand the expansion of the public and private health segment for the management of a peripheral territory of the South Zone of the city of São Paulo. This management is based on mediations between the State and users of public health services. In addition to the users interviewed, they participated in the research, social leaders and community social agents of the primary health care program, Family Health Strategy (ESF - Estratégia Saúde da Família). The proposed questions can contribute to identifying and rethinking demand production in social networks of users with access to public and private health services in the region and in the expansion of the social management interface of the health program with private health care in the outskirts of Sao Paulo. The reports show the dynamic relationship between practices, actions and the emergence of the individualization process of the Brazilian social policies.Keywords: Individualization. Healthcare services. Periphery. Neoliberalism. Public-health. NÉOLIBÉRALISME ET INDIVIDUALISATION DANS LES POLITIQUES DE SANTÉ DANS LA PÉRIPHÉRIE SUD DE SÃO PAULOCet article vise à comprendre l’expansion du segment de la santé publique et privée dans le cadre de la gestion de la population d’un territoire périphérique de la zone sud de la ville de Sao Paulo. Cette gestion est basée sur des médiations entre l’État et les utilisateurs des services de santé publique. Ces derniers ont été interrogés ainsi que des leaders sociaux et des agents du programme de soins de santé primaires dénommé Stratégie de Santé de la Famille (ESF - Estratégia Saúde da Família). Les questions posées peuvent contribuer à identifier et à repenser la production de la demande dans les réseaux sociaux d’utilisateurs ayant accès aux services de santé publics et privés de la région, ainsi qu’à l’extension de l’interface de gestion sociale du programme de santé avec les soins de santé privés en périphérie de Sao Paulo. Les rapports montrent la relation dynamique entre les pratiques, les actions et l’émergence du processus d’individualisation des politiques sociales brésiliennes.Mots-clés: Individualisation. Services de santé. Périphérie. Néolibéralisme. Santé publique.

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