scholarly journals The use of flow microfluorimetry in the analysis of the phenotype expression of mouse histocompatibility antigens

1975 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
GL Campbell ◽  
LT Goldstein ◽  
BB Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Parental Cell ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Immunoglobulin Binding ◽  
Hybrid Clones ◽  
Lymphocyte Populations

Quantitation of the expression of cell surface antigens has hitherto been limited to analysis by either cytotoxicity tests or radioimmune assays (5, 15). We report here the use of a new methodology to analyze and quantitate the expression of mouse histocompabililty antigens (H-2 locus) in hybrid clones and parental cell types. The binding of fluorescein-tagged antibody is measured on a cell-to-cell basis in large viable cell populations using flow microfluorimetric techniques. These techniques have been used to measure hapten and immunoglobulin binding to lymphocyte populations (8, 9, 14). However, this is the first report in which these techniques have been used to examine the expression of the H-2 locus. The advantage of this approach is twofold: first, a large and statistically significant sample population may be analyzed one cell at a time, thus revealing the fine detail of heterogeneity in the expression of the cell surface markers within a population. Second, as has been demonstrated for analysis of specific components of the immune system, this method does permit fluorescence-activated sorting of cell types according to their different surface populations (8, 9, 14).

scholarly journals A monoclonal antibody identifying a cell surface antigen shared by common acute lymphoblastic leukemias and B lineage cells

Blood ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1141-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Greaves ◽  
W Verbi ◽  
J Kemshead ◽  
R Kennett
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Blast Crisis ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
A Cell ◽  
B Lineage

Abstract A monoclonal antibody designated PI153/3, which reacts with neuroblastoma and fetal brain, is shown to identify also a cell surface determinant shared by pre-B and mature B cells and their corresponding leukemias including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and hairy cell leukemia, but not plasmacytoma. Almost all non-T, non-B acute “lymphoid” leukemias bind PI153/3. The latter includes 71 of 74 common ALL tested, most but not all “unclassified” or “null” ALL and cases of both acute undifferentiated leukemia and Ph1 positive chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis with common ALL phenotypes. The antigen is absent or present at very low density on normal and leukemic T lymphocyte, myeloid and erythroid cells. The determinant appears to co-redistribute with cell surface immunoglobulin in B lymphocytes and segregates independently of other cell surface antigens associated with B cells and/or cALL including HLA-DR (Ia-like antigens) and the cALL (gp 100) antigen.

Intercelular adhesion of teratocarcinoma STEM cells

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 580-583
Author(s):  
L. B. Grabel ◽  
G. R. Martin ◽  
S. D. Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Molecular System ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
A Cell

A major research interest is the identification of the cell surface molecules responsible for the selective intercellular adhesion of various cell types. Initially it was believed that cell-cell adhesion was mediated by tissue specific lock and key molecules present on adjacent cells; a single molecular recognition system would be sufficient to generate the desired selectivity. In the past few years it has become apparent that although specific recognition molecules are certainly involved in mediating intercellular adhesion, the idea of each cell type having a single unique molecular system of recognition is an oversimplification. The available data suggest that multiple systems of adhesion function simultaneously in any given cell type, and that the same or similar molecules may be involved in adhesion within different tissues.We have been studying the intercellular adhesion of teratocarcinoma stem cells, and review here evidence that at least two separable components are involved in their intercellular adhesion; one requiring the presence of divalent cations, and the other one involving recognition by a cell surface fucan/mannan specific lectin.

scholarly journals HAPTEN-SANDWICH LABELING

1974 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wofsy ◽  
P. C. Baker ◽  
K. Thompson ◽  
J. Goodman ◽  
J. Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Molecular Weight Protein ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
High Molecular Weight Protein ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Weight Protein

A hapten-sandwich procedure has been developed for specific labeling of cell surface antigens for fluorescence or electron microscopy. Haptens are azo-coupled to immunoglobulins specific for a cell surface antigen; the hapten-modified cell-bound antibodies can then be visualized by adding fluorescent antihapten antibody, or by adding antihapten antibody followed by hapten-modified markers for electron microscopy. Virus or high molecular weight protein markers are lightly cross-linked before conjugation with hapten to prevent their disruption. Such stable hapten-modified markers, and the accessibility of many different purified anti-azophenyl-hapten antibodies, make it feasible to distinguish more than one membrane antigen in a given labeling experiment. When mouse lymphoid cell populations are labeled with separate markers for Ig and for thymus-associated antigens, many cells exhibit the Ig marker exclusively or the thymic marker predominantly, and some cells are completely free of label.

Cell surface specific immunoglobulin inhibits α factor mediated morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
Glenn J. Merkel ◽  
Charles L. Phelps ◽  
Roger W. Roeske
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Cycle Arrest ◽  
Immunoglobulin Preparations ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Immunoglobulin Binding

Immunoglobulins raised from Saccharomyces cerevisiae a and α mating type cell envelope preparations inhibited α factor mediated morphogenesis of the a cell without inhibiting normal cell division. The Ig responsible for this inhibition was absorbed to both a and α whole cells and heat-killed cells, indicating that the immunoglobulin binding sites were exposed on the cell surface and not mating type specific. Additionally, α factor mediated cell cycle arrest was not affected by the immunoglobulin preparations, implying that the immunoglobulin was not preventing α factor from binding to its receptor.

Ecto-protein kinase substrate p120 revealed as the cell-surface-expressed nucleolar phosphoprotein Nopp140: a candidate protein for extracellular Ca2+-sensing

2001 ◽  
Vol 360 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter KÜBLER
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Kinase Substrate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cell Membrane Proteins ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Mrna Binding

A variety of cell membrane proteins become phosphorylated in their ecto-domains by cell-surface protein kinase (ecto-PK) activities, as detected in a broad spectrum of cell types. This study reports the isolation and identification of a frequent ecto-PK substrate, ecto-p120, using HeLa cells as a model. Data from MS and further biochemical and immunochemical means identified ecto-p120 as a cell-surface homologue of human nucleolar phosphoprotein p140 (hNopp140), which belongs to the family of argyrophilic (AgNOR-stainable) proteins. The superposition of 32P-labelled ecto-nucleolar phosphoprotein p140 (ecto-Nopp140) with anti-Nopp140 immunostaining could be demonstrated in a wide range of cell lines without any exceptions, suggesting a nearly universal occurrence of cell-surface Nopp140. A previous, tentative association of ecto-p120 with the nucleoplasmic pre-mRNA-binding protein hnRNP U has thus been supplanted, since improved purification techniques have allowed unambiguous identification of this ecto-PK cell-surface substrate. Furthermore, we have shown that rapid suppression of ecto-hNopp140 phosphorylation resulted upon a rise in the free extracellular calcium, while lowering the calcium concentrations returned ecto-Nopp140 phosphorylation to the original level. It is important to note that these Ca2+-dependent effects on ecto-Nopp140 phosphorylation are not accompanied by alterations in the phosphorylation of other ecto-PK substrates. Our results indicate that, in addition to nucleolin, a further nucleolar protein, which was considered initially to be strictly intracellular, is identified as a cell-surface phosphoprotein.

scholarly journals A monoclonal antibody identifying a cell surface antigen shared by common acute lymphoblastic leukemias and B lineage cells

Blood ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1141-1144
Author(s):  
MF Greaves ◽  
W Verbi ◽  
J Kemshead ◽  
R Kennett
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Blast Crisis ◽  
Fetal Brain ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
A Cell ◽  
B Lineage

A monoclonal antibody designated PI153/3, which reacts with neuroblastoma and fetal brain, is shown to identify also a cell surface determinant shared by pre-B and mature B cells and their corresponding leukemias including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and hairy cell leukemia, but not plasmacytoma. Almost all non-T, non-B acute “lymphoid” leukemias bind PI153/3. The latter includes 71 of 74 common ALL tested, most but not all “unclassified” or “null” ALL and cases of both acute undifferentiated leukemia and Ph1 positive chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis with common ALL phenotypes. The antigen is absent or present at very low density on normal and leukemic T lymphocyte, myeloid and erythroid cells. The determinant appears to co-redistribute with cell surface immunoglobulin in B lymphocytes and segregates independently of other cell surface antigens associated with B cells and/or cALL including HLA-DR (Ia-like antigens) and the cALL (gp 100) antigen.

scholarly journals Signaling Enzymes and Ion Channels Being Modulated by the Actin Cytoskeleton at the Plasma Membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10366
Author(s):  
Filip Vasilev ◽  
Yulia Ezhova ◽  
Jong Tai Chun
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Signaling Proteins ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
A Cell

A cell should deal with the changing external environment or the neighboring cells. Inevitably, the cell surface receives and transduces a number of signals to produce apt responses. Typically, cell surface receptors are activated, and during this process, the subplasmalemmal actin cytoskeleton is often rearranged. An intriguing point is that some signaling enzymes and ion channels are physically associated with the actin cytoskeleton, raising the possibility that the subtle changes of the local actin cytoskeleton can, in turn, modulate the activities of these proteins. In this study, we reviewed the early and new experimental evidence supporting the notion of actin-regulated enzyme and ion channel activities in various cell types including the cells of immune response, neurons, oocytes, hepatocytes, and epithelial cells, with a special emphasis on the Ca2+ signaling pathway that depends on the synthesis of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Some of the features that are commonly found in diverse cells from a wide spectrum of the animal species suggest that fine-tuning of the activities of the enzymes and ion channels by the actin cytoskeleton may be an important strategy to inhibit or enhance the function of these signaling proteins.

Cell Surface Properties of a Suctorian Ciliate

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 322-323
Author(s):  
Christine A. Sundermann
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Prey Selection ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Marked Variation ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Cell Surface Properties ◽  
A Cell

Discophrya collini, a suctorian ciliate, subsists on live prey (i.e. Tetrahymena) which is captured and ingested through tentacles. The tentacles are characterized by a swelling or knob at the distal ends which contain extrusive organelles termed haptocysts that assist in prey capture and/or attachment. Prey selection is rather specific, only certain ciliated species are recognized as food. Other ciliates, flagellates, and Discophrya's own ciliated larvae for instance, can make contact with tentacles and remain unharmed. This study was undertaken to investigate and compare Discophrya's surface topography associated with the following: a) cell body, b) tentacle shaft, and c) tentacle knob. Cell surface properties have been characterized in numerous animal cell types but discovery of marked variation in different regions of a particular cell has been infrequent.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy: studies of cell motility in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
J.A. Witkowski ◽  
V. Dubowitz
Keyword(s):  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Degenerative Disorder ◽  
Cell Surface Changes

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe degenerative disorder of skeletal muscle. It has been suggested that an abnormality of the plasma membrane may be responsible for the pathogenesis of DMD, and a number of cell surface changes have been described in DMD muscle fibres and other cell types. Alterations in cell-to-cell and cell-to-substratum adhesiveness have been reported for DMD cells and we have determined whether these alterations in cell adhesiveness affect migration of cells from DMD muscle explants. DMD cells move more rapidly and spend less time at rest than do normal or DMD carrier cells, although the differences were statistically significant only for the latter cells. An inverse relationship between cell speed and contact with surrounding cells was not observed. All cells tended to persist in their direction of movement, and there were no differences between the types of cells studied. Our results support the view that there may be a cell surface defect in DMD.

Methods of Simultaneous Visualization of Cytoplasmic Enzyme Reactivity and Cell Surface Antigens (by Cytochemistry Combined with Immunocytochemistry) in Individual Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Cells

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gloghini ◽  
M. Cozzi ◽  
S. Sulfaro ◽  
R. Volpe ◽  
A. Carbone
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Enzyme Cytochemistry ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
Simultaneous Visualization

Enzyme cytochemistry alone, and more recently, immunocytohistochemistry have been satisfactorily used by hematologists and hematopathologists for the study, diagnosis and classification of human hematological and lymphoproliferative disorders. To enhance the potential of these techniques, the possibility of combining immunocytohistochemical techniques with enzyme cytohistochemistry with simultaneous visualization of both reaction products has been examined by some investigators. This approach has been applied to normal, reactive and neoplastic material using mainly cell suspensions and frozen sections, with the aim of improving cell identification in specimens containing different cell types, of determining the cytochemical profiles of well-defined lymphocyte subpopulations and of establishing the cell surface phe-notypes of cells that are positive for certain enzymes. In this paper, published reports on this subject are reviewed and compared with the experience of our study group.

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