scholarly journals STUDIES ON INFLUENZA INFECTION IN FERRETS BY MEANS OF FLUORESCEIN-LABELLED ANTIBODY

1955 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch'ien Liu
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Antibody Staining ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
Ciliated Epithelial Cells ◽  
Infectivity Titer

By means of fluorescein-labelled antibody staining, specific influenza viral antigens were seen in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of infected ciliated epithelial cells covering the nasal turbinates of infected ferrets. Initially, only a small portion of the nasal epithelium showed fluorescence, and no appreciable abnormality of the cells could be detected by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The fluorescence soon spread to involve the entire epithelium, followed by desquamation coinciding with the onset of manifest illness. Pneumonia was seen in some of the infected ferrets, and in them, viral antigens were found in the bronchial epithelium and in the mediastinal lymph nodes. A rise of viral infectivity titer paralleled the observed spread of viral antigens. Many desquamated nasal epithelial cells and macrophages containing antigen were present in nasal smears. The finding would seem to offer a method for the rapid specific diagnosis of influenza infection.

scholarly journals INFILTRATING DUCTAL CARCINOMA OF MAMMARY GLAND IN A GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-176
Author(s):  
R Sharmin ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
M Masuduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
German Shepherd Dog ◽  
Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining

A German Shepherd bitch of about 2.5 years old showed swollen ulcerated L-5 mammary gland. The affected L-5 gland and adjacent lymphnode were excised and processed for histopathological study with routine Hematoxylin and Eosin staining method. The ductular epithelial cells showed polymorphism and adenoid pattern growth of cells with hyperchromatric nuclei. Metastasis was not evident in the excised lymphnode. The neoplastic epithelial cells infiltrated the surround tissue. On the basis of histopathological finding this case was diagnosed as infiltrating ductal carcinoma.

Identification of Epithelial Cells in Bronchoalveolar Lavage

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susetta Finotto ◽  
Vanda Rado ◽  
Aldo Dal Vecchio ◽  
Gianfranco Milani ◽  
Leonardo M. Fabbri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Giemsa Stain ◽  
Immunocytochemical Staining ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Ciliated Epithelial Cells

1 Damage to the bronchial epithelium occurs after the inhalation of toxic substances and allergens, and through virus infections and it may lead to increased desquamation of epithelial cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). 2 In this study we compared two methods of staining the epithelial cells of BAL, the conventional cytochemical May Grunwald-Giemsa stain (MGG) and an immunocytochemical technique using a monoclonal antibody anti-human cytokeratin (CK) detected with APAAP immuno-alkaline phosphatase. BAL was obtained from 13 subjects and the epithelial cells were cytocentrifuged either immediately after collection (fraction A) or after washing (fraction B). 3 Higher percentages of epithelial cells were identified in fraction A with CK (20.0 ± 5.1 %) than in fraction A with MGG (11.2 ± 2.3%), which recognized only ciliated epithelial cells. In fact a proportion of CK-positive cells (34%) in fraction A were not ciliated. Underestimation of epithelial cells by MGG compared to CK was more pronounced in fraction B (8.0 ± 2.9% and 22.9 ± 3.0%, respectively) as there was a relative loss of ciliated CK+ cells after washings. 4 These results suggest that immunocytochemical staining with an anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibody is more sensitive than using the MGG stain in detecting epithelial cells in BAL.

scholarly journals Localization of endothelial NOS at the basal microtubule membrane in ciliated epithelium of rat lung.

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Xue ◽  
S J Botkin ◽  
R A Johns
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Ciliated Epithelium ◽  
Lung Epithelium ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Ciliated Epithelial Cells ◽  
Messenger Molecule

Nitric oxide (NO), an important cell messenger molecule, is formed endogenously in the lung airway. Three individual genes of NO synthase (NOS), which represent brain NOS (bNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and endothelial NOS (eNOS), have been reported in the cultured lung epithelium. Although studies in vivo showed that bNOS and iNOS were expressed and localized in the cytoplasm of bronchial epithelium, the expression and localization of eNOS remains to be determined. Therefore, we employed an eNOS monoclonal antibody whose immunospecificity was tested by both Western blot and preadsorption immunohistochemistry to immunostain rat lungs from fetus to adult. The results showed that eNOS immunoreactivity began to appear in the lung epithelium within 2 hr after birth. Six hours later (8 hr after birth), the NOS immunoreaction was concentrated near the surface of the ciliated epithelial cells. This staining pattern appeared in lungs at Day 1, Week 1, Week 2, and in adult rats. By electron microscopy, eNOS immunoreactivity was confirmed within ciliated epithelium and was shown to be associated with the basal microtubule membrane of the cilia. Nonciliated cells were not stained. Type II epithelial cells also contain eNOS immunoreactivity, which is primarily associated with rough endoplasmic reticulum, and free ribosomes. However, macrophages in the lungs lacked eNOS immunoreactivity. This study demonstrated that eNOS was postnatally expressed in rat bronchial ciliated epithelium. The localization of eNOS at the basal membrane of ciliary microtubules suggests that eNOS may be involved in the function of epithelial cilia, consistent with previous physiological studies.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON INFLUENZA INFECTION IN FERRETS BY MEANS OF FLUORESCEIN-LABELLED ANTIBODY

1955 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 677-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch'ien Liu
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Influenza A Virus ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Fluorescent Staining ◽  
Green Fluorescence ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
The Cross

Yellow-green fluorescence representing viral antigens was detected in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of epithelial cells of the respiratory tract in ferrets infected with influenza virus. This nuclear fluorescence was the chief manifestation of cross-fluorescent staining reactions among three strains of influenza A virus studied, PR8, Farrington, and Fm1. Absorption experiments with influenza viral V and soluble S antigens showed that S antigen was responsible for the presence of fluorescence in the nucleus and for the cross-staining reactions among these strains.

scholarly journals Different Pattern of MRP Localization in Ciliated and Basal Cells from Human Bronchial Epithelium

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne-Marie Bréchot ◽  
Ilse Hurbain ◽  
Anne Fajac ◽  
Nicole Daty ◽  
Jean-François Bernaudin
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial Cells ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Ciliated Epithelial Cells

The MRP (multidrug resistance-associated protein) transmembrane transporter, which actively transports a wide variety of lipophilic substrates out of cancer cells, has been suggested to play a major role in cell detoxification via efflux of glutathione conjugates. Because bronchial epithelial cells are constantly exposed to environmental pollutants, MRP might be a particularly important defense mechanism against xenobiotics. This study was therefore designed to investigate MRP localization by immunohistochemistry in bronchial epithelial cells collected by scraping from surgical specimens. In parallel, MRP mRNA was detected by reverse transcriptase chain reaction (rt-PCR) in bronchial cell lysates. However, the pattern of protein expression differed markedly according to cell type. In ciliated epithelial cells, immunostaining was restricted to the basolateral surface, without any labeling at the apical surface, which is at variance with the localization of CFTR and MDR1 proteins, other members of the same family of transporters. In basal cells, MRP was present over the entire circumference of the plasma membrane. Basal cells were identified by their morphology and specifically after incubation with an anticytokeratin 17 monoclonal antibody. In conclusion, the different patterns of localization suggest specific roles for MRP in basal and ciliated cells.

Presence and significance of NK cells in glioblastomas

1989 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Vaquero ◽  
Santiago Coca ◽  
Santiago Oya ◽  
Roberto Martínez ◽  
Josefa Ramiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Surface Marker ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A monoclonal antibody against the surface marker IOT-10 of natural killer (NK) cells was used to investigate the presence of these cells in a series of 25 glioblastomas. In 40% of the tumors, IOT-10-positive NK cells were found in small numbers scattered among the tumor cells. The presence of IOT-10-positive NK cells was not related to the degree of lymphocytic infiltration in the tumor as demonstrated by hematoxylin and eosin staining, nor did it appear to influence the survival time of the patients studied.

scholarly journals Complement C9 expression is associated with damaged myocardial cells in pediatric sudden death cases of fulminant myocarditis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akari Takaya Uno ◽  
Masahito Hitosugi ◽  
Mami Nakamura ◽  
Tomoyuki Nakanishi ◽  
Takahiro Mima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Death ◽  
Acute Myocarditis ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Fulminant Myocarditis ◽  
Myocardial Cells ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin Staining ◽  
Complement C9

Abstract Background Because disease progression is so fast in sudden death of acute fulminant myocarditis, damage of myocardial cells is not evident in routine hematoxylin and eosin staining. To understand damage to myocardial cells and the mechanism of sudden death, immunohistochemical staining was performed for two forensic autopsy cases. Case presentation The patients were a healthy 5-year-old girl and 8-year-old boy. They suddenly died within 2 days of appearance of flu-like symptoms. An autopsy showed accumulation of yellowish-clear pericardial fluid containing fibrin deposits, fluid blood in the heart, and congestion of visceral organs. Histologically, minor necrosis or degeneration of myocardial cells with mainly lymphocytic infiltration was observed sometimes in tissue sections. Immunohistochemically, positive complement C9 staining and negative sirtuin 1 staining were found. These findings suggested wide damage of myocardial cells, even in regions with no marked changes in myocardial cells with hematoxylin and eosin staining. These areas corresponded to those with strong accumulation of lymphocytes. Conclusions Immunohistochemistry for complement C9 and sirtuin 1 might become a new tool for evaluating damage of myocardial cells of fulminant acute myocarditis.

scholarly journals Haemophilus influenzae causes cellular trans-differentiation in human bronchial epithelia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Michael Glöckner ◽  
Sebastian Marwitz ◽  
Kristina Rohmann ◽  
Henrik Watz ◽  
Dörte Nitschkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial Cells ◽  
Respiratory Pathogen ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cells

Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is the most common respiratory pathogen in patients with chronic obstructive disease. Limited data is available investigating the impact of NTHi infections on cellular re-differentiation processes in the bronchial mucosa. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of stimulation with NTHi on the bronchial epithelium regarding cellular re-differentiation processes using primary bronchial epithelial cells harvested from infection-free patients undergoing bronchoscopy. The cells were then cultivated using an air-liquid interface and stimulated with NTHi and TGF-β. Markers of epithelial and mesenchymal cells were analyzed using immunofluorescence, Western blot and qRT-PCR. Stimulation with both NTHi and TGF-ß led to a marked increase in the expression of the mesenchymal marker vimentin, while E-cadherin as an epithelial marker maintained a stable expression throughout the experiments. Furthermore, expression of collagen 4 and the matrix-metallopeptidases 2 and 9 were increased after stimulation, while the expression of tissue inhibitors of metallopeptidases was not affected by pathogen stimulation. In this study we show a direct pathogen-induced trans-differentiation of primary bronchial epithelial cells resulting in a co-localization of epithelial and mesenchymal markers and an up-regulation of extracellular matrix components.

Stimulation of both human bronchial epithelium and neutrophils is needed for maximal interactive adhesion

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (1) ◽  
pp. L80-L87 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Bloemen ◽  
M. C. Van den Tweel ◽  
P. A. Henricks ◽  
F. Engels ◽  
M. J. Van de Velde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Bronchial Epithelial ◽  
Stimulation Of

It has become clear that the bronchial epithelium is not just a passive barrier but plays an active role in inflammation. It can produce several inflammatory mediators and does express cell adhesion molecules of which intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 can be upregulated by cytokines like interferon (IFN)-gamma. In the present study, we analyzed in detail the interaction of neutrophils with human bronchial epithelial cells, both primary cultured cells and the bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B. Confluent monolayers of epithelial cells were incubated with freshly isolated 51Cr-labeled neutrophils for 30 min at 37 degrees C; then the nonadherent cells were removed by washing gently. Stimulation of the epithelial cells with IFN-gamma or the combination of IFN-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) (which doubles the ICAM-1 expression) increased neutrophil adhesion. Activation of the neutrophils themselves with N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), platelet-activating factor, or TNF-alpha also caused a profound enhancement of the adhesion. A significant additional increase was found when the epithelial cells had been exposed to IFN-gamma and the neutrophils were stimulated with fMLP simultaneously. This effect was even more pronounced with epithelium preincubated with IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. With the use of monoclonal antibodies against CD18 and ICAM-1, it was demonstrated that the increased adhesion was mainly mediated by the ICAM-1/beta 2-integrin interaction. This study highlights that both the activation state of the bronchial epithelial cells and the activation state of the neutrophils are critical for their interactive adhesion.

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