scholarly journals Lyman Break Galaxies at Redshiftz∼ 3: Survey Description and Full Data Set

2003 ◽  
Vol 592 (2) ◽  
pp. 728-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Steidel ◽  
Kurt L. Adelberger ◽  
Alice E. Shapley ◽  
Max Pettini ◽  
Mark Dickinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lyman Break Galaxies

scholarly journals Back in Time for Breakfast: An Analysis of the Changing Breakfast Cereal Aisle

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Emilie Croisier ◽  
Jaimee Hughes ◽  
Stephanie Duncombe ◽  
Sara Grafenauer
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Over Time

Breakfast cereal improves overall diet quality yet is under constant scrutiny with assertions that the category has not improved over time. This study aimed to comprehensively analyse the category of breakfast cereals, the nutritional values, and health claims across eight distinct sub-categories at four time points (2013, 2015, 2018, and 2020). An audit of products from four major supermarkets in metropolitan Sydney (Aldi, Coles, IGA, and Woolworths) collected ingredient lists, nutrition information, claims and Health Star Rating (HSR) for biscuits and bites; brans; bubbles, puffs, and flakes; granola and clusters; hot cereal flavoured; hot cereal plain; muesli; breakfast biscuits. The median (IQR) were calculated for energy, protein, fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, sugars, dietary fibre, and sodium for comparisons over time points by nutrient. Data from 2013 was compared with 2020 (by sub-category and then for a sub-section of common products available at each time point). Product numbers between 2013 (n = 283) and 2020 (n = 543) almost doubled, led by granola and clusters. Whole grain cereals ≥ 8 g/serve made up 67% of products (↑114%). While there were positive changes in nutrient composition over time within the full data set, the most notable changes were in the nutrition composition of cereals marketed as the same product in both years (n = 134); with decreases in mean carbohydrate (2%), sugar (10%) and sodium (16%) (p < 0.000), while protein and total fat increased significantly (p = 0.036; p = 0.021). Claims regarding Dietary Fibre and Whole Grain doubled since 2013. Analysis of sub-categories of breakfast cereal assisted in identifying some changes over time, but products common to both timeframes provided a clearer analysis of change within the breakfast category, following introduction of HSR. Whole grain products were lower in the two target nutrients, sodium and sugars, and well-chosen products represent a better choice within this category.

scholarly journals Serum sodium changes in marathon participants who use NSAIDs

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Whatmough ◽  
Stephen Mears ◽  
Courtney Kipps
Keyword(s):  
Serum Sodium ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Large City ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Nsaid Group ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Average Serum ◽  
Internal And External Factors

IntroductionThe primary mechanism through which the development of exercise-associated hyponatraemia (EAH) occurs is excessive fluid intake. However, many internal and external factors have a role in the maintenance of total body water and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) have been implicated as a risk factor for the development of EAH. This study aimed to compare serum sodium concentrations ([Na]) in participants taking an NSAID before or during a marathon (NSAID group) and those not taking an NSAID (control group).MethodsParticipants in a large city marathon were recruited during race registration to participate in this study. Blood samples and body mass measurements took place on the morning of the marathon and immediately post marathon. Blood was analysed for [Na]. Data collected via questionnaires included athlete demographics, NSAID use and estimated fluid intake.ResultsWe obtained a full data set for 28 participants. Of these 28 participants, 16 took an NSAID on the day of the marathon. The average serum [Na] decreased by 2.1 mmol/L in the NSAID group, while it increased by 2.3 mmol/L in the control group NSAID group (p=0.0039). Estimated fluid intake was inversely correlated with both post-marathon serum [Na] and ∆ serum [Na] (r=−0.532, p=0.004 and r=−0.405 p=0.032, respectively).ConclusionSerum [Na] levels in participants who used an NSAID decreased over the course of the marathon while it increased in those who did not use an NSAID. Excessive fluid intake during a marathon was associated with a lower post-marathon serum [Na].

Electoral Performance by Post-Rebel Parties

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Manning ◽  
Ian Smith
Keyword(s):  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Future Performance ◽  
Organizational Experience ◽  
Varying Length ◽  
New Research ◽  
Electoral Performance ◽  
Positive Effect

This article explores the factors affecting post-rebel party electoral performance. We present new research tracking the participation of these groups in national legislative elections from 1990 to 2016. Our full data set covers 77 parties and 286 elections in 37 countries. It includes parties formed after conflicts of varying length and intensity, with different incompatibilities, in every region of the world, and in countries with disparate political histories. Our analysis suggests that post-rebel parties’ early electoral performance strongly affects future performance, and that competition – crowd-out by older rival parties – and pre-war organizational experience in politics have a significant positive effect, particularly for those parties that are consistently winning more than about 10 per cent of seats. But especially for parties that consistently win very low seat shares, organizational characteristics yield increasingly to environmental factors, most importantly the presence of rival parties and the barriers to representation presented by electoral rules.

scholarly journals Association of RASSF1A, DCR2, and CASP8 Methylation with Survival in Neuroblastoma: A Pooled Analysis Using Reconstructed Individual Patient Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Waleed M. Hassan ◽  
Mohamed S. Bakry ◽  
Timo Siepmann ◽  
Ben Illigens
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Individual Patient Data ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Epigenetic Alterations ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Registration Number

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a heterogeneous tumor affecting children. It shows a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes; therefore, development of risk stratification is critical to provide optimum treatment. Since epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation have emerged as an important feature of both development and progression in NB, in this study, we aimed to quantify the effect of methylation of three distinct genes (RASSF1A, DCR2, and CASP8) on overall survival in NB patients. We performed a systematic review using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane libraries. Individual patient data was retrieved from extracted Kaplan–Meier curves. Data from studies was then merged, and analysis was done on the full data set. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Methylation of the three genes had worse overall survival than the unmethylated arms. Five-year survival for the methylated arm of RASSF1A, DCR2, and CASP8 was 63.19% (95% CI 56.55-70.60), 57.78% (95% CI 47.63-70.08), and 56.39% (95% CI 49.53-64.19), respectively, while for the unmethylated arm, it was 93.10% (95% CI 87.40–99.1), 84.84% (95% CI 80.04-89.92), and 83.68% (95% CI 80.28-87.22), respectively. In conclusion, our results indicate that in NB patients, RASSF1A, DCR2, and CASP8 methylation is associated with poor prognosis. Large prospective studies will be necessary to confirm definitive correlation between methylation of these genes and survival taking into account all other known risk factors. (PROSPERO registration number CRD42017082264).

Developing an Implicit Creep Model From Open Literature Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William David Day
Keyword(s):  
Failure Time ◽  
Rupture Life ◽  
Creep Model ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Projection Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Creep Models

Abstract As pressure ratios and firing temperatures continue to rise, creep becomes of greater concern everywhere within a gas turbine engine. As a rule of thumb, just a 14°C increase in metal temperature can halve the expected rupture life of a part. In the past, companies might be satisfied with conservative creep estimates based on Larson-Miller-Parameter curves and 1D calculations. Now companies need functional implicit-creep models with finite element analysis for an ever-increasing number of materials. Obtaining adequate test data to create a good creep prediction model is an expensive and time-consuming proposition. Test costs depend on temperature, material, and location, but a single, 10,000hr, rupture test may reasonably be expected to cost &gt; $20,000. Other than large OEMs, small companies and individuals lack the resources to create creep models from their own data. This paper will lead the reader through the creation of a modified theta projection creep model of Haynes 282, a high-temperature, combustion alloy, using only literature data. First, literature data is collected and reviewed. Data consists of very few complete curves, estimated stresses for rupture and 1% strain, and discrete times to individual strains for individual tests. When adequate data exists, individual tests are fit to theta projection model curves. These “local” theta fits of different test conditions are used as input for the global model. Global fits of theta parameters, as a function of stress and temperature, are made from the full data set. As the global creep model is improved, correction factors introduced to account for true stress and strain effects. A statistical analysis is made of actual rupture time versus predicted onset of failure time, theta5=1. A time-based scatter factor is determined to evaluate temperature margin required to ensure reliability. After the creep model was completed, Haynes International, the material inventor, provided specific test conditions (stress and temperature) of 5 tests that had already been run. Creep predictions were generated for these test conditions, before viewing the actual results. The creep model predicted strain curves matched actual tests very well, both in shape and time to rupture. Continued refinement is possible as more data is acquired.

scholarly journals Recent BaBar results in light hadron spectroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Evgeny Kozyrev ◽  
Evgeny Solodov ◽  
Vladimir Druzhinin
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Mass Energy ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Hadron Spectroscopy ◽  
Center Of Mass Energy ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Light Hadron ◽  
Photon Process ◽  
Babar Experiment

We report the results on the channels e+e−→ π+π−π0π0π0(η), e+e−→ π+π−η. Also we present the study of the two-photon process e+e−→ e+e−η' in the double-tag mode. The results for the form factor are compared with the predictions based on pQCD and VMD. The results are obtained by using the full data set of about 470 fb−1 collected by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II e+e−collider at a center-of-mass energy of about 10.6 GeV.

scholarly journals Content analysis of Twitter chatter about indoor tanning

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly E Waring ◽  
Katie Baker ◽  
Anthony Peluso ◽  
Christine N May ◽  
Sherry L Pagoto
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Indoor Tanning ◽  
Health Warnings ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Tanning Bed ◽  
Positive Sentiment ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Twitter may be useful for learning about indoor tanning behavior and attitudes. The objective of this study was to analyze the content of tweets about indoor tanning to determine the extent to which tweets are posted by people who tan, and to characterize the topics of tweets. We extracted 4,691 unique tweets from Twitter using the terms “tanning bed” or “tanning salon” over 7 days in March 2016. We content analyzed a random selection of 1,000 tweets, double-coding 20% of tweets (κ = 0.74, 81% agreement). Most tweets (71%) were by tanners (n = 699 individuals) and included tweets expressing positive sentiment about tanning (57%), and reports of a negative tanning experience (17%), burning (15%), or sleeping in a tanning bed (9%). Four percent of tweets were by tanning salon employees. Tweets posted by people unlikely to be tanners (15%) included tweets mocking tanners (71%) and health warnings (29%). The term “tanning bed” had higher precision for identifying individuals who engage in indoor tanning than “tanning salon”; 77% versus 45% of tweets captured by these search terms were by individuals who engaged in indoor tanning, respectively. Extrapolating to the full data set of 4,691 tweets, findings suggest that an average of 468 individuals who engage in indoor tanning can be identified by their tweets per day. The majority of tweets were from tanners and included reports of especially risky habits (e.g., burning, falling asleep). Twitter provides opportunity to identify indoor tanners and examine conversations about indoor tanning.

Thermal Measurements of a Rail-Cask-Size Pipe-Calorimeter in Jet Fuel Fires

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miles Greiner ◽  
Marcelo del Valle ◽  
Carlos Lopez ◽  
Victor Figueroa ◽  
Esam Abu-Irshaid
Keyword(s):  
Radiant Heat ◽  
Jet Fuel ◽  
Fire Tests ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Participating Media ◽  
The Third ◽  
Thermal Measurements ◽  
Experimental Facilities ◽  
Fire Characteristics

A series of fire tests was conducted involving a 2.44-m-(8-ft)-diameter, 4.57-m-(15-ft)-long, 2.54-cm-(1-inch)-wall thickness pipe calorimeter suspended 1-m above a 7.93-m-diameter pool that contained 7.57 m3 (2000 gallons) of jet fuel. The wind conditions, calorimeter temperature, participating media temperature and speed, and radiant heat flux, were measured at several locations as functions of time in three fire tests. The first two had relatively light winds and lasted roughly 40 minutes, while the third had much stronger winds and consumed the fuel in 25 minutes. The purpose of this paper is to describe the experimental facilities and certain fire characteristics. The large amount of data acquired cannot be fully presented in this paper. A website is available by contacting the first author so that the full data set may be used to quantitatively benchmark large-fire simulations and models.

scholarly journals Connecting VIX and Stock Index ETF with VAR and Diagonal BEKK

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Chia-Lin Chang ◽  
Tai-Lin Hsieh ◽  
Michael McAleer
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Conditional Heteroskedasticity ◽  
Exchange Traded Funds ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Lm Test ◽  
The Mean

As stock market indexes are not tradeable, the importance and trading volume of Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) cannot be understated. ETFs track and attempt to replicate the performance of a specific index. Numerous studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between the S&P500 Composite Index and the Volatility Index (VIX), but few empirical studies have focused on the relationship between VIX and ETF returns. The purpose of the paper is to investigate whether VIX returns affect ETF returns by using vector autoregressive (VAR) models to determine whether daily VIX returns with different moving average processes affect ETF returns. The ARCH-LM test shows conditional heteroskedasticity in the estimation of ETF returns, so that the Diagonal BEKK (named after Baba, Engle, Kraft and Kroner) model is used to accommodate multivariate conditional heteroskedasticity in the VAR estimates of ETF returns. Daily data on ETF returns that follow different stock indexes in the USA and Europe are used in the empirical analysis, which is presented for the full data set, as well as for the three sub-periods Before, During, and After the Global Financial Crisis. The estimates show that daily VIX returns have: (1) significant negative effects on European ETF returns in the short run; (2) stronger significant effects on single-market ETF returns than on European ETF returns; and (3) lower impacts on the European ETF returns than on S&P500 returns. For the European markets, the estimates of the mean equations tend to differ between the whole sample period and the sub-periods, but the estimates of the matrices A and B in the Diagonal BEKK model are quite similar for the whole sample period and at least two of the three sub-periods. For the US Markets, the estimates of the mean equations also tend to differ between the whole sample period and the sub-periods, but the estimates of the matrices A and B in the Diagonal BEKK model are very similar for the whole sample period and the three sub-periods.

An Accurate Substitution Method To Minimize Left Censoring Bias in Serum Steroid Measurements

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 2395-2400 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Handelsman ◽  
Lam P Ly
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Data Set

Abstract Hormone assay results below the assay detection limit (DL) can introduce bias into quantitative analysis. Although complex maximum likelihood estimation methods exist, they are not widely used, whereas simple substitution methods are often used ad hoc to replace the undetectable (UD) results with numeric values to facilitate data analysis with the full data set. However, the bias of substitution methods for steroid measurements is not reported. Using a large data set (n = 2896) of serum testosterone (T), DHT, estradiol (E2) concentrations from healthy men, we created modified data sets with increasing proportions of UD samples (≤40%) to which we applied five different substitution methods (deleting UD samples as missing and substituting UD sample with DL, DL/√2, DL/2, or 0) to calculate univariate descriptive statistics (mean, SD) or bivariate correlations. For all three steroids and for univariate as well as bivariate statistics, bias increased progressively with increasing proportion of UD samples. Bias was worst when UD samples were deleted or substituted with 0 and least when UD samples were substituted with DL/√2, whereas the other methods (DL or DL/2) displayed intermediate bias. Similar findings were replicated in randomly drawn small subsets of 25, 50, and 100. Hence, we propose that in steroid hormone data with ≤40% UD samples, substituting UD with DL/√2 is a simple, versatile, and reasonably accurate method to minimize left censoring bias, allowing for data analysis with the full data set.

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