Iranians' Attitudes About Possible Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission in Dental Settings

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Askarian ◽  
Kamran Mirzaei ◽  
Ojan Assadian
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Dental Offices ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Dental Assistants ◽  
Hiv Aids

We conducted a cross-sectional survey from October through December 2004 of 8,312 residents of Shiraz, Iran, to investigate Iranians' perceptions about undergoing dental treatment in dental offices where other patients or the dentist and/or dental assistants are infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Most survey respondents (83%) had acceptable general knowledge about the mode of transmission of HIV and about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); however, many misconceptions were observed. A negative association was detected between the level of concern about contracting HIV/AIDS and the intention to continue treatment in services where patients with HIV/AIDS were also treated or where the dentist and/or dental assistants had HIV/AIDS.

Pengetahuan dan Sikap Wanita Pekerja Seks (WPS) dalam Upaya Penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan Persuasi Penggunaan Kondom di Eks Lokalisasi Gempol Porong Kabupaten Banyuwangi Tahun 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Machria Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)  dan AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan masyarakat secara global. Prevalensi HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi juga cukup tinggi yakni 4.557 kasus. Cara penularan HIV terbesar adalah melalui hubungan seksual (71 %). Sejumlah 18,23% orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) adalah wanita pekerja seks (WPS). Meskipun lokalisasi di Banyuwangi telah resmi ditutup pada tahun 2013, namun praktik prostitusi masih terselubung dijalankan. Hubungan seksual tanpa kondom menjadi mata rantai penyebaran HIV/AIDS di masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi pengetahuan dan sikap WPS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom di eks lokalisasi Gempol Porong Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Desain penelitian adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian yaitu WPS di Eks Lokalisasi Gempol Porong berjumlah 32 orang yang diambil dengan teknik Total sampling. Pengambilan data dengan metode angket dan dianalisis statistik menggunakan SPSS 20.0 version. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa WPS yang memiliki pengetahuan rendah dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS sebanyak 56,2 %, sikap negatif sebesar 53,1% dan sebanyak 59,4% tidak melakukan persuasi penggunaan kondom. Analisis uji chi-Square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan WPS dalam penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom (ρ = 0,002α), serta ada hubungan antara sikap WPS dalam upaya penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom (nilai ρ = 0,000α). Variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap penanggulangan HIV/AIDS dengan persuasi penggunaan kondom adalah sikap, dengan  probabilitas sikap negatif WPS sebesar 78%. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan pihak terkait guna peningkatan 100% penggunaan kondom sehingga dapat menekan angka pertumbuhan HIV/AIDS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi.

scholarly journals Spanish Nursing Students’ Attitudes toward People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Sectional Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8672
Author(s):  
María Adelaida Álvarez-Serrano ◽  
Encarnación Martínez-García ◽  
Adelina Martín-Salvador ◽  
María Gázquez-López ◽  
María Dolores Pozo-Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Hiv Aids

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is still a public health issue. Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) creates, in society, stigmatizing attitudes, fear, and discrimination against infected people; even health professionals do not feel trained enough to adequately take care of these patients, which affects the quality of care provided to such patients. The purpose of this study was to explore nursing students’ attitudes and other related factors toward people with HIV/AIDS, as well as their evolution in subsequent academic years. A cross-sectional study was performed with students in four academic years from four Spanish health sciences institutions (n = 384). Data were collected voluntarily and on an anonymous basis, utilizing the “Nursing students’ attitudes toward AIDS” (EASE) validated scale. The students’ attitudes toward people with HIV/AIDS were relatively positive, with a total mean EASE value of 85.25 ± 9.80. Statistically significant differences were observed according to the academic year (p = 0.041), in 4 out of 21 items of the scale and among students with no religious beliefs. By adjusting every variable, only the weak association with religion was maintained (p = 0.045).

scholarly journals Social Support and Depression in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Attending a General Hospital in South-South,Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Received Social Support ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Depression is one of the commonest psychiatric disorders seen among Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) individuals and these two conditions are significant public health issues. Also, lack of social support increases the risk of depression among them. Aim: To determine the extent and type of social support and correlates of depression among HIV/AIDS patients attending General Hospital in south-south, Nigeria. Setting: The research was conducted in the HIV/AIDS outpatient clinic of the General hospital in south-south, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was carried out on three hundred and twenty-three patients living with HIV/AIDS from June to October 2016. The instruments used were Socio-demographic questionnaire, Mini international neuropsychiatric interview M.I.N.I (A1-A6 module, English version 6.0), and OSLO-3 items social support scale. Results: Majority (95.7%) of the respondents received social support and more than half (53.6%) of the respondents have strong social support. There was a significant association between social support and depression (X2 =18.38, df =1, p=0.001). The majority (83.3%) of the respondents were females and depression was significantly associated with marital status (X2=7.36, df=2, p=0.03).Also, there was a significant association between monthly income and depression(X2=9.31, df=2, p=0.01). In multivariate regression, absence of social support (B=2.120, p=0.001, OR=8.327) was the most significant predictor for depression Conclusion: This finding implies that depression is one of the mental health issues that affect HIV/AIDS infected individuals in Nigeria and lack of social support increases the risk of depression among them.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards people living with HIV/AIDS in Lebanon

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0249025
Author(s):  
Lara Youssef ◽  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Hala Sacre ◽  
Pascale Salameh ◽  
Michelle Cherfan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Advocacy Campaigns ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background Up till today, studies carried in Lebanon have focused more on the prevalence of HIV and behaviors and quality of life of infected individuals, however, none of these studies discussed the degree of stigma towards these populations. Therefore, the aim of this study is to measure the rate of stigma in terms of knowledge, attitude and practice towards patients living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) (PLWHA) and examine the factors associated with this stigma. Methods A cross-sectional survey, enrolling 862 participants, was carried across the five governorates in Lebanon: Beirut, Mount Lebanon, North, South and Bekaa. The survey was a self-administered questionnaire which covered information about participants’ general demographics, their knowledge, attitudes, practices and awareness towards HIV/AIDS in Lebanon., attitudes towards PLWHA, practices related to HIV/AIDS and awareness regarding HIV/AIDS situation in Lebanon. Results The response rate to the survey was 78.36% (862 participants). Being Muslim (Beta = -2.56) or Druze (Beta = -2.64) compared to Christians were significantly associated with lower knowledge towards HIV/AIDS, whereas having a secondary (Beta = 2.71) and a university (Beta = 3.04) levels of education compared to illiteracy and higher age (Beta = 0.05) were significantly associated with higher knowledge. Higher knowledge (Beta = 0.66) was significantly associated with better attitude, whereas higher age (Beta = -0.14) and being Muslim compared to Christian (Beta = -3.44) were significantly associated with worse attitude. Better attitude (Beta = 0.02) was significantly associated with better practice, whereas females compared to males (Beta = -0.39), having a secondary level of education compared to illiteracy (Beta = -0.88) and being Muslim compared to Christian (Beta = -0.32) were significantly associated with worse practice. Conclusion Our results stress the need for educational programs, advocacy campaigns and policies to help reduce HIV stigma. This will then help start developing interventions and strategies for a possible reduction in the stigmatization level.

scholarly journals KORELASI KADAR CD4 DENGAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN SEBELUM TERAPI ARV PADA PENDERITA HIV/AIDS DI RSUD DR. H. ABDUL MOELOEK PROVINSI LAMPUNG TAHUN 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
Neno Fitriyani Hasbie ◽  
Ade Utia Detty ◽  
Syuhada Syuhada ◽  
Meta Mediana
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Pada pasien HIV, ada banyak kelainan klinis yang didapat. Abnormalitas hematologi adalah salah satu manifestasi paling umum dari infeksi human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tingkat lanjut dan acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Jumlah sel darah merah rendah, adalah yang paling umum dari gangguan ini. Frekuensi dan keparahan manifestasi hematologi dapat mempengaruhi jumlah CD4 dan kadar hemoglobin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi kadar CD4 dan kadar Hemoglobin sebelum terapi ARV pada penderita HIV/AIDS di RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah studi cross sectional dilakukan dari rekam medis dari Januari hingga Desember 2017 di RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung. Sebanyak 102 pasien dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis menggunakan analisa univariat dan bivariat dengan uji spearman.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat rata-rata tingkat hemoglobin adalah 12,421 ± 12,7 gr / dl dan tingkat CD4 rata-rata adalah 151,36 ± 89,0 sel / mm3. Ada hubungan yang bermakna dengan kadar CD4 dan kadar hemoglobin sebelum terapi ARV, nilai p = 0,00 (nilai-p <0,05). Koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,458 menunjukkan korelasi positif dengan kekuatan sedang.H1 diterima dengan korelasi positif lemah. Secara statistik signifikan antara kadar Hemoglobin dengan kadar CD4 pada penderita HIV/AIDS yang belum mendapatkan terapi ARV sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai penanda penurunan kadar CD4.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN HIV/AIDS DI RSUD DR. H. ABDUL MOELOEK BANDAR LAMPUNG PERIODE OKTOBER 2017 – OKTOBER 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
Nadya Marshalita
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Voluntary Counseling And Testing ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Human Immunodeficiency Virus atau HIV merupakan suatu retrovirus yang merusak sel CD4 dalam tubuh sehingga menyebabkan suatu kumpulan gejala penyakit defisiensi sistem imun yang disebut dengan Aqcuired Immunodeficiency Syndrome atau AIDS. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pasien HIV/AIDS di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel terdiri atas 191 rekam medis pasien yang berkunjung ke Poli Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek periode Oktober 2017 – Oktober 2018 yang diambil menggunakan teknik consecutive samping dan dilakukan analisis univariat. Hasil: Pasien dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki 66%, jenis kelamin perempuan 34%, usia terbanyak yaitu usia 25-49 tahun (70,7%), jumlah CD4 terbanyak yaitu <49 sel/mm3 (41,4%), pendidikan pasien terbanyak yaitu SMA (45,0%), pasien bekerja (61,3%), tidak bekerja (38,7%). Jumlah infeksi oportunistik terbanyak yaitu pasien dengan 1 infeksi oportunistik (55,0%), stadium terbanyak yaitu stadium 3 (40,3%), infeksi oportunistik terbanyak yaitu kandidiasis (44,0%), pasien yang sudah kawin sebanyak 46,6% dan belum kawin sebanyak 53,4%. Faktor risiko terbanyak yaitu heteroseksual (46%). Kesimpulan: Pasien HIV/AIDS banyak yang berjenis kelamin laki-laki, usia 25-49 tahun, jumlah CD4 <49 sel/mm3, pendidikan SMA, pasien bekerja, pasien sudah kawin, pasien stadium 3, pasien dengan 1 infeksi oportunistik dengan infeksi oportunistik terbanyak yaitu kandidiasis, dan faktor risiko terbanyak yaitu heteroseksual.   Kata Kunci: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,Human Immunodeficiency Virus, karakteristik pasien  ABSTRACT Introduction: Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV is a retrovirus that infect CD4 cell and lead to condition called AIDS or Aqcuired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. The purpose of the study was to determine the characteristic of HIV/ADIS patients in the Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital Bandar Lampung. Method: This study is an observational descriptive study with cross sectional approach. The samples are 191 medical records of patients that came into Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital Bandar Lampung since October 2017 to October 2018 using consecutive sampling and analyze univariately. Results: Male patients are 66%, female patients are 34%, most of patients aged 25-49 year (70,7%), most of CD4 counts is <49 cell/mm3 (41,4%), most of patients were graduate from high school (45,0%), patient have a job (61,3%), don’t have a job (38,7%). Number of patient with one opportunistic infection (55,0%), stadium 3 (40,3%), patient with candidiasis (44,0%), married patient (46,6%), single patient (53,4%). Major risk factor is heterosexual (46%). Conclusion: Most of patients is male, aged 25-49 year, CD4 count <49 cell/mm3, graduate from high school, have a job, married, stadium 3, with one opportunistic infection with candidiasis, and major risk factor is heterosexual.   Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome,Human Immunodeficiency Virus, patient’s characteristic

scholarly journals Manifestasi Erupsi Alergi Obat Antiretroviral Pada Pasien HIV/AIDS di Klinik Teratai Rsup Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Periode 2005 – 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siska Armeinesya ◽  
Rasmia Rowawi ◽  
Muhammad Ersyad Hamda
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

Kasus human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) telah menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia. High active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) telah menurunkan angka kematian dan kesakitan pada pasien HIV. Pasien HIV memilki risiko tinggi mengalami erupsi alergi obat dibandingkan masyarakat umum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengindentifikasi manifestasi erupsi alergi obat ARV pada pasien HIV/AIDS periode 2005–2014 di Klinik Teratai RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis pasien HIV/AIDS dengan erupsi alergi obat ARV di Klinik Teratai RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2005–2014. Dalam penelitian ini didapatkan sebanyak 111 pasien HIV/AIDS mengalami erupsi alergi obat karena ARV. Erupsi alergi obat ARV banyak terjadi pada wanita (55%) dan pada rentang usia 20-29 tahun (55%). Jumlah CD4 pada pasien HIV/AIDS dengan erupsi alergi obat saat pertama kali terdiagnosis HIV terbanyak adalah <200 sel/mm3 (55%). Manifestasi kulit yang paling umum terjadi adalah ruam makulopapular (89,7%). Reaksi erupsi alergi obat umumnya disebabkan oleh nevirapin (82,5%). Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa ruam makulopapular merupakan manifestasi erupsi alergi obat ARV yang paling sering muncul. Obat yang paling banyak ditemukan menyebabkan erupsi alergi obat adalah nevirapin. Kata kunci: erupsi alergi obat, HIV/AIDS, obat ARV

scholarly journals Knowledge, Awareness, and Behavior of Medical and Dental Interns toward Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients in Three Colleges of Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Anjani Tripathi ◽  
Sahana Ashok ◽  
Kodangala P Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Medical Interns ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
And Behavior

ABSTRACT Introduction India is one of the countries where a large population is affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It destroys the specific immune system cells called CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) cells leading to an advanced condition called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It is one of the life-threatening conditions. It is an infectious disease that can affect caregivers as well. These patients need to be treated with compassion and caution. The doctors need to be aware of the various types of infection, their symptoms, and precautions while treating them. Hence, there is a need to evaluate awareness and behavior among the medical and dental interns while dealing with patients suffering from HIV infection/AIDS patients. Materials and methods The present cross-sectional survey explored knowledge, awareness, and behavior of medical and dental interns toward HIV-infected/AIDS patients at People's University, Bhopal, India. A questionnaire consisting of 25 questions was given to the interns. A total of 350 interns were included in the study; 250 interns were from People's College of Dental Sciences & Research Centre and People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, India, while 100 interns were from People's College of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India. The collected data were analyzed and subjected to relevant statistics. Results Out of 350 questionnaires received, 250 were answered by dental interns and 100 were answered by medical interns. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of percentage knowledge score for dental interns was 76.57 ± 17.67 and for medical interns, it was 83.05 ± 11.04. Median of percentage knowledge score was 84.80 and 86.00 for dental and medical interns respectively. Mann—Whitney U-test showed no significant difference between dental and medical interns for percentage knowledge scores (p > 0.05). The awareness score between the dental and medical interns showed that dental interns (82.34) showed slightly better awareness to the HIV patients than medical interns (81.00), although it was not statistically significant. When the behavior scores were compared between the dental and medical interns, the medical interns showed a higher score (85.4) compared with the dental interns (76.80), which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion The cross-sectional survey showed that medical students had better knowledge but dental interns had better awareness, though both were statistically not significant. The medical interns had better behavior score than dental interns, which was statistically significant. How to cite this article Ashok KP, Tripathi A, Ashok S. Knowledge, Awareness, and Behavior of Medical and Dental Interns toward Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Patients in Three Colleges of Madhya Pradesh, India: A Cross-sectional Survey. J Health Sci Res 2017;8(2):66-71.

Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Tentang Hiv/Aids Di Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nur Syamsi NL
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Aids

AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) adalah syndrom yang timbul akibat adanya virus HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh manusia. HIV/AIDS dapat menular melalui darah, sperma, cairan vagina, dan ASI (Air Susu Ibu). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar yang terletak di jalan Bung lorong 2, Kelurahan Tamalanrea, Kecamatan Tamalanrea Jaya, Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Besarnya sampel yang digunakan adalah 30 responden dari 600 populasi yang dipilih secara Total Sampling. Di mana dalam pengambilan data digunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden. Dari keseluruhan responden didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa Akademi Kebidanan Sandi Karsa Makassar yang diteliti didapat 15 mahasiswa (50%) yang tingkat pengetahuan baik tentang HIV/AIDS dan terdapat 14 mahasiswa (46,7%) yang tingkat pengetahuan cukup tentang HIV/AID dan terdapat 1 mahasiswa (3,3%) yang tingkat pengetahuan kurang tentang HIV/AIDS

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document