scholarly journals Economic Impact of Outbreaks of Norovirus Infection in Hospitals

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Y. Lee ◽  
Sarah M. McGlone ◽  
Rachel R. Bailey ◽  
Zachary S. Wettstein ◽  
Craig A. Umscheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Hospital Administrators ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
And Control

Norovirus is highly infectious and can spread rapidly in healthcare settings, consuming resources and resulting in longer hospital stays. Although the economic impact of specific past outbreaks has been reported (eg, a 2007 outbreak of norovirus infection at Johns Hopkins Hospital cost an estimated $650,000), these costs may not be generalizable. We developed an economic computer simulation model to assist policy makers, hospital administrators, infection control professionals, and other healthcare workers in determining how much to invest in norovirus prevention and control interventions above and beyond existing infection control measures.

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY AND DETECTION METHODS FOR THE EXTENDED‑SPECTRUM β-LACTAMASES PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE FROM CLINICAL SAMPLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Kaviyarasan G ◽  
Rajamanikandan Kcp ◽  
Sabarimuthu M ◽  
Ramya S ◽  
Arvind Prasanth D
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Drug Choice ◽  
Synergy Test

Objectives: Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) is crucial for the infection control and antibiotic choice in healthcare settings. The aim of this study is to develop a standardized, inexpensive, and simple approach that is able to detect ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates.Methods: Isolates those were resistant to at least one of the three indicator cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, and ceftazidime) were tested for ESBL production using the double disc synergy test (DDST), combined disc synergy test (CDST) test and genotypic detection of the responsible gene for the ESBL.Result: From 64 isolates, 28 were resistant to cephalosporins. In 28 isolates, 23 were positive in CDST but in the DDST 18 were showing ESBL positive. 10 were positive in both CDST and DDST.Conclusion: Resistance to cephalosporins, which are the drug choice to treat mixed bacterial infections by the Enterobacteriaceae of which disseminate rapidly being plasmid mediated. Hence, it is necessary that rapid detection of ESBL should be done and immediate infection control measures should be implemented to prevent their dissemination.

Rethinking creative research methods in response to COVID-19: Creating a remote research kit

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecka Fleetwood-Smith
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Arts Organizations ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Hospital Environments ◽  
Creative Research

The ‘Sensing Spaces of Healthcare: Rethinking the NHS Hospital’ project involves working with National Health Service (NHS) staff, patients and visitors to explore their experiences of hospital environments. Over the course of the project, creative approaches centred on art-based and design-led practices are employed to research people’s experiences. Such approaches often involve working closely with participants during sessions. As COVID-19 infection control measures have affected in-person research, it has been necessary to develop and adopt alternative low-contact approaches. This article presents the development of a remote creative research kit designed to be used without a researcher/practitioner present. The kit has been developed through work with creative practitioners, hospital arts organizations, patient and public contributors and learning from public engagement events. The remote creative research kit has led to rethinking and reimagining the ways in which such approaches may be of benefit more broadly in healthcare settings.

scholarly journals NURSES’ COMPLIANCE WITH INFECTION CONTROL MEASURES AND BARRIERS TO PRECAUTIONS IN THE DELIVERY ROOM

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Inaam Abdelati ◽  
Maha Ali ◽  
Yousif A ◽  
Amany El-berdan
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
And Control

Background: Nurses play crucial role in avoiding hospital procured infections, by guaranteeing that all viewpoints of their nursing practice is prove based, and also through nursing inquire research and understanding instruction. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the nurse's compliance with infection control measures and-barrier precautions in delivery room. Methods: Research design: An exploratory design had been chosen for carrying out our paper. Setting: The study was carried out in four hospitals in Damietta governorate. Subjects: 51 on duty nurses were taken at the time of the study. Tools of data collection: Data were collected using self-administers questioners. Results: Findings revealed the existence of poor standard precautions (100%). There is connection between age, education level, work involvement experience, and compliance with standard safety measures and precautions at p<0.05. At the same time significant relation between training courses and compliance to standard precautions was p<0.05. Conclusion: The nurses in the current study faced a lot of barriers that posed a hindrance in implementing the infection control measures, such as in situations like: emergency situation, lack of equipment & supplies, lack of infection control measures, lack of periodical infection and control training course. Recommendations: Strategic plan to overcome obstacles & barriers that hinder nurses to compliance with infection control measures should be conducted. It is essential to consider the national standards of infection prevention adopted by the ministry of health in delivery room of all hospital in Damietta governorate.

Carbapenem-ResistantEnterobacteriaceae: A Strategic Roadmap for Infection Control

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Deborah Friedman ◽  
Yehuda Carmeli ◽  
Aaron Lea Walton ◽  
Mitchell James Schwaber
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Preparedness Plan ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Crude Mortality

The incidence of carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae(CRE) has increased worldwide with great regional variability. Infections caused by these organisms are associated with crude mortality rates of up to 70%. The spread of CRE in healthcare settings is both an important medical problem and a major global public health threat. All countries are at risk of falling victim to the emergence of CRE; therefore, a preparedness plan is required to avoid the catastrophic natural course of this epidemic. Proactive and adequate preventive measures locally, regionally, and nationally are required to contain the spread of these bacteria. The keys to success in preventing the establishment of CRE endemicity in a region are early detection through targeted laboratory protocols and containment of spread through comprehensive infection control measures. This guideline provides a strategic roadmap for infection control measures based on the best available evidence and expert opinion, to enable preparation of a multifaceted preparedness plan to abort epidemics of CRE.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:580–594

scholarly journals Overcoming Current and Preventing Future Nosocomial Outbreaks during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned at Three Hospitals in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10226
Author(s):  
Makiko Komasawa ◽  
Myo Nyein Aung ◽  
Kiyoko Saito ◽  
Mitsuo Isono ◽  
Go Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Health Care Delivery Systems ◽  
And Control

Hospitals are increasingly challenged by nosocomial infection (NI) outbreaks during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although standardized guidelines and manuals regarding infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are available worldwide, case-studies conducted at specified hospitals that are required to cope with real settings are limited. In this study, we analyzed three hospitals in Japan where large-scale NI outbreaks occurred for hints on how to prevent NI outbreaks. We reviewed openly available information from each hospital and analyzed it applying a three domain framework: operation management; identification of infection status; and infection control measures. We learned that despite having authorized infection control teams and using existing standardized IPC measures, SARS-CoV-2 may still enter hospitals. Early detection of suspected cases and confirmation by PCR test, carefully dealing with staff-to-staff transmission were the most essential factors to prevent NI outbreaks. It was also suggested that ordinary training on IPC for staff does not always provide enough practical knowledge and skills; in such cases external technical and operational supports are crucial. It is expected that our results will provide insights into preventing NI outbreaks of COVID-19, and contribute to mitigate the damage to health care delivery systems in various countries.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted via contact and via the air between ferrets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Richard ◽  
Adinda Kok ◽  
Dennis de Meulder ◽  
Theo M. Bestebroer ◽  
Mart M. Lamers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Robust Transmission

SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus that newly emerged in China in late 2019 1,2 and spread rapidly worldwide, caused the first witnessed pandemic sparked by a coronavirus. As the pandemic progresses, information about the modes of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among humans is critical to apply appropriate infection control measures and to slow its spread. Here we show that SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted efficiently via direct contact and via the air (via respiratory droplets and/or aerosols) between ferrets. Intranasal inoculation of donor ferrets resulted in a productive upper respiratory tract infection and long-term shedding, up to 11 to 19 days post-inoculation. SARS-CoV-2 transmitted to four out of four direct contact ferrets between 1 and 3 days after exposure and via the air to three out of four independent indirect recipient ferrets between 3 and 7 days after exposure. The pattern of virus shedding in the direct contact and indirect recipient ferrets was similar to that of the inoculated ferrets and infectious virus was isolated from all positive animals, showing that ferrets were productively infected via either route. This study provides experimental evidence of robust transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via the air, supporting the implementation of community-level social distancing measures currently applied in many countries in the world and informing decisions on infection control measures in healthcare settings 3.

scholarly journals Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Prevention and Control in Gynecological Outpatient Clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Yao ◽  
Kun Yan ◽  
Jie Duan ◽  
Xian Zhang ◽  
Limin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Objective: The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a major public health challenge around the world, and outbreaks of the SARS-CoV-2 have constituted a public health emergency of international concern. Infection control measures are necessary to prevent further spread of the virus and to help control the epidemic situation. Due to the characteristics of gynecological settings, the risk of cross infection between patients and gynecologic practitioners can be high, strict and effective infection control protocols are urgently needed. This article, based on our experience and relevant guidelines and research, introduces prevention and control measures for use in gynecological outpatient clinics and provides recommended management for gynecologists in (potentially) affected areas.

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