Design and modelling tools for DC HTS cables for the future railway network in France

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazi Hajiri ◽  
Kévin BERGER ◽  
Rémi Dorget ◽  
Jean Lévêque ◽  
hervé Caron
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Total System ◽  
Superconducting Tapes ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Operating Current ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Critical Current Density Jc

Abstract The use of High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) cables in power systems increases transmission capacity whereas reducing the volume of the installation. In addition, when transmission currents exceed a few kA, HTS DC cables significantly reduce power losses, right-of-ways and total system mass. This summary describes the various studies to be carried out in order to correctly dimension DC HTS cables for the new railway network envisaged by the French company SNCF, which has to take into account the ultra-urban needs. The process used to design DC cables for different operating current values between 5 kA and 20 kA at 1 750 V using commercial (RE)BaCuO tapes is presented. In this design stage, the dependence of the critical current density Jc(B, θ, T) of the superconducting tapes, the thermal properties of the materials used, and the different cooling modes as a function of the cable length are taken into account. Finally, we discuss a cryogenic solution to protect the cable in case of short-circuit or overload.

scholarly journals A Novel Methodology for Adaptive Coordination of Multiple Controllers in Electrical Grids

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1474
Author(s):  
Ruben Tapia-Olvera ◽  
Francisco Beltran-Carbajal ◽  
Antonio Valderrabano-Gonzalez ◽  
Omar Aguilar-Mejia
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electric Power System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Positive Interaction

This proposal is aimed to overcome the problem that arises when diverse regulation devices and controlling strategies are involved in electric power systems regulation design. When new devices are included in electric power system after the topology and regulation goals were defined, a new design stage is generally needed to obtain the desired outputs. Moreover, if the initial design is based on a linearized model around an equilibrium point, the new conditions might degrade the whole performance of the system. Our proposal demonstrates that the power system performance can be guaranteed with one design stage when an adequate adaptive scheme is updating some critic controllers’ gains. For large-scale power systems, this feature is illustrated with the use of time domain simulations, showing the dynamic behavior of the significant variables. The transient response is enhanced in terms of maximum overshoot and settling time. This is demonstrated using the deviation between the behavior of some important variables with StatCom, but without or with PSS. A B-Spline neural networks algorithm is used to define the best controllers’ gains to efficiently attenuate low frequency oscillations when a short circuit event is presented. This strategy avoids the parameters and power system model dependency; only a dataset of typical variable measurements is required to achieve the expected behavior. The inclusion of PSS and StatCom with positive interaction, enhances the dynamic performance of the system while illustrating the ability of the strategy in adding different controllers in only one design stage.

scholarly journals Impacts of Photovoltaic Distributed Generation Location and Size on Distribution Power System Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 905 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Md. Saad ◽  
M. Z. Sujod ◽  
Lee Hui Ming ◽  
M. F. Abas ◽  
M. S. Jadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Distribution Grid

As the rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) technology in recent years with the growth of electricity demand, integration of photovoltaic distributed generation (PVDG) to the distribution system is emerging to fulfil the demand. There are benefits and drawbacks to the distribution system due to the penetration of PVDG. This paper discussed and investigated the impacts of PVDG location and size on distribution power systems. The medium voltage distribution network is connected to the grid with the load being supplied by PVDG. Load flow and short circuit calculation are analyzed by using DigSILENT Power Factory Software. Comparisons have been made between the typical distribution system and the distribution system with the penetration of PVDG. Impacts in which PVDG location and size integrates with distribution system are investigated with the results given from the load flow and short circuit analysis. The results indicate positive impacts on the system interconnected with PVDG such as improving voltage profile, reducing power losses, releasing transmission and distribution grid capacity. It also shows that optimal locations and sizes of DGs are needed to minimize the system’s power losses. On the other hand, it shows that PVDG interconnection to the system can cause reverse power flow at improper DG size and location and increases short circuit level.

scholarly journals Multi-Objective Optimization of Autonomous Microgrids with Reliability Consideration

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4466
Author(s):  
Maël Riou ◽  
Florian Dupriez-Robin ◽  
Dominique Grondin ◽  
Christophe Le Loup ◽  
Michel Benne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Nsga Ii ◽  
Renewable Integration ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Trade Offs

Microgrids operating on renewable energy resources have potential for powering rural areas located far from existing grid infrastructures. These small power systems typically host a hybrid energy system of diverse architecture and size. An effective integration of renewable energies resources requires careful design. Sizing methodologies often lack the consideration for reliability and this aspect is limited to power adequacy. There exists an inherent trade-off between renewable integration, cost, and reliability. To bridge this gap, a sizing methodology has been developed to perform multi-objective optimization, considering the three design objectives mentioned above. This method is based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) that returns the set of optimal solutions under all objectives. This method aims to identify the trade-offs between renewable integration, reliability, and cost allowing to choose the adequate architecture and sizing accordingly. As a case study, we consider an autonomous microgrid, currently being installed in a rural area in Mali. The results show that increasing system reliability can be done at the least cost if carried out in the initial design stage.

Optimal Location and Size of Multiple Renewable Distributed Generation Units in Power Systems Using an Improved Version of Particle Swarm Optimization

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Mamdouh Kamaleldin AHMED ◽  
◽  
Mohamed Hassan OSMAN ◽  
Nikolay V. KOROVKIN ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Optimal Location ◽  
Particle Swarm Algorithm ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Distributed Generations

The penetration of renewable distributed generations (RDGs) such as wind and solar energy into conventional power systems provides many technical and environmental benefits. These benefits include enhancing power system reliability, providing a clean solution to rapidly increasing load demands, reducing power losses, and improving the voltage profile. However, installing these distributed generation (DG) units can cause negative effects if their size and location are not properly determined. Therefore, the optimal location and size of these distributed generations may be obtained to avoid these negative effects. Several conventional and artificial algorithms have been used to find the location and size of RDGs in power systems. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is one of the most important and widely used techniques. In this paper, a new variant of particle swarm algorithm with nonlinear time varying acceleration coefficients (PSO-NTVAC) is proposed to determine the optimal location and size of multiple DG units for meshed and radial networks. The main objective is to minimize the total active power losses of the system, while satisfying several operating constraints. The proposed methodology was tested using IEEE 14-bus, 30-bus, 57-bus, 33-bus, and 69- bus systems with the change in the number of DG units from 1 to 4 DG units. The result proves that the proposed PSO-NTVAC is more efficient to solve the optimal multiple DGs allocation with minimum power loss and a high convergence rate.

Multi-objective ant lion optimization algorithm to solve large-scale multi-objective optimal reactive power dispatch problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 304-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souhil Mouassa ◽  
Tarek Bouktir
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Ant Lion Optimization ◽  
Active Power Losses

Purpose In the vast majority of published papers, the optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem is dealt as a single-objective optimization; however, optimization with a single objective is insufficient to achieve better operation performance of power systems. Multi-objective ORPD (MOORPD) aims to minimize simultaneously either the active power losses and voltage stability index, or the active power losses and the voltage deviation. The purpose of this paper is to propose multi-objective ant lion optimization (MOALO) algorithm to solve multi-objective ORPD problem considering large-scale power system in an effort to achieve a good performance with stable and secure operation of electric power systems. Design/methodology/approach A MOALO algorithm is presented and applied to solve the MOORPD problem. Fuzzy set theory was implemented to identify the best compromise solution from the set of the non-dominated solutions. A comparison with enhanced version of multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOEPSO) algorithm and original (MOPSO) algorithm confirms the solutions. An in-depth analysis on the findings was conducted and the feasibility of solutions were fully verified and discussed. Findings Three test systems – the IEEE 30-bus, IEEE 57-bus and large-scale IEEE 300-bus – were used to examine the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The findings obtained amply confirmed the superiority of the proposed approach over the multi-objective enhanced PSO and basic version of MOPSO. In addition to that, the algorithm is benefitted from good distributions of the non-dominated solutions and also guarantees the feasibility of solutions. Originality/value The proposed algorithm is applied to solve three versions of ORPD problem, active power losses, voltage deviation and voltage stability index, considering large -scale power system IEEE 300 bus.

scholarly journals Instantaneous Power Control Strategy for Voltage Improvement in Power Network Equipped by Wind Generator

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Issam Griche ◽  
Sabir Messalti ◽  
Kamel Saoudi
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Control ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transient Stability ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Dynamical Response ◽  
Instantaneous Power ◽  
Wide Range

The uncertainty of wind power brings great challenges to large-scale wind power integration. The conventional integration of wind power is difficult to adapt the demand of power grid planning and operation. This paper proposes an instantaneous power control strategy for voltage improvement in power networks using wind turbine improving the dynamical response of power systems performances (voltage and transient stability) after fault. In which the proposed control algorithm based on a new advanced control strategy to control the injected wind power into power system. The efficiency of developed control strategy has been tested using IEEE 9 Bus. Simulation results have showed that the proposed method perform better to preserve optimal performances over wide range of disturbances for both considered scenarios studied short circuit and variable loads.

scholarly journals Reactive Power Loss & Efficiency Calculation Using Load Flow Technique In Distribution System For Pune City

2012 ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Gaikwad Vikas Subhash ◽  
Swati S. More
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Flow Problem ◽  
Load Flow ◽  
Total System ◽  
Loss Efficiency

Reactive power compensation is an important issue in electric power systems, involving operational, economical and quality of service aspects. Consumer loads (residential, industrial, service sector, etc.) impose active and reactive power demand, depending on their characteristics. This paper presents an efficient method for solving the load flow problem in distribution systems and which is implemented for Pune city (India) to check the validity of proposed method. A simple algebraic matrix equation to solve the load flow problem is derived by using the complex power balance equations. By adopting the rectangular coordinate, which requires the neglect of only second order terms in the linearization procedure, the proposed method gives better convergence characteristics. Newton-Raphsonmethod is the famous load flow calculation technique, and normally used dueto its rapidness of numerical convergence. The proposed method estimates the incremental changesof active power on each generation bus with respect to the total system power loss, efficiency and the estimated value are used to update the slack bus power.

scholarly journals Flexible Tranmission Elements for Grid Optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Emergency Operation ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Current Transmission ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Grid Optimization ◽  
Flexible Alternating Current Transmission ◽  
Active Power Losses ◽  
The Stability

The article dwells upon optimizing, reduction of losses in, and improving the stability of grids by implementing devices that affect the parameters and power flows in a grid. State-of-the-art technology for better control is crucial for the development of electric power systems. FACTS technologies or flexible alternating current transmission systems, essentially transform the grid from a passive electricity transport into a device that actively controls the grid parameters. The article analyzes the development of a 500/220/110 kV grid that uses parameter-affective devices: SVC, BSK, LCD. Steady-state parameters, active power losses, and electric power losses were calculated for a year before and after the devices were deployed. Each device was therefore analyzed for effectiveness. The parameters of the SVC-equipped 500/220/110 kV grid were calculated for emergency operation with the 500 kV line being offline. Thus, the paper also analyzes the emergency performance of the SVC.

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