scholarly journals Design Optimization of Bullock Cart Yoke

2021 ◽  
Vol 2070 (1) ◽  
pp. 012154
Author(s):  
Mahesh M Hombalmath ◽  
Manoj A Mathad
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
Ancient Times

Abstract Since from ancient times weight of bullock cart is concentrated on the neck of the bullock reducing its efficiency. This paper presents various design of the yoke structure for the cart and its analysis whose aim is to reduce the stress acting on the single point i.e. on the neck of the bullock. The stress needs to be distributed over the entire body of the bullock instead of concentrating only on the neck. This paper gives an idea of how the stress is distributed on the bullock and the deflection of the yoke corresponding to the load. The design iterative process is based on the presently used bullock cart yoke structure. This paper also includes the design concepts which provide cushioning at the contact of the wooden frame to the bullock. The best design is then selected based on the structural behaviour for particular boundary and loading conditions. The modelling is done in SOLIDWORKS 2017 software and simulated/analysed using ANSYS 18.2 software.

A novel smart assistive knee brace incorporated with shape memory alloy wire actuator

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (13) ◽  
pp. 1543-1556
Author(s):  
Navid Moslemi ◽  
Soheil Gohari ◽  
Farzin Mozafari ◽  
Mohsen Gol Zardian ◽  
Colin Burvill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Knee Brace ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Feed Forward Controller ◽  
Actuator Design

The knee plays a significant role in locomotion and stability of the entire body through supporting the body weight and assisting the lower body kinematics during walking. However, the knee is at constant risk of becoming weakened due to disease, age, and accidents. One approach to treating weakened knee is wearing an assistive knee brace. To design a clinical knee brace, many factors such as weight and compliant mechanism should be considered. In this study, a novel smart assistive knee brace mechanism incorporated with wire actuators made of shape memory alloys is proposed to ameliorate the issues associated with weight and flexibility of existing brace designs. Unlike earlier studies, the proposed orthosis includes pressure sensor, shape memory actuator, and smart linkage. Furthermore, two distinct shape memory alloy actuator design concepts with improved stiffness are developed, and the best option is chosen systematically and prototyped. The novel mechanism proposed in this research overcomes the weight of the lower limb during swing phase using the combined shape memory alloy actuation and feed-forward controller design. As such, it can be used as a potential replacement to its conventional counterparts when the higher weight reduction as well as a flexible and controllable mechanism are simultaneously sought.

Adjoint Aerodynamic Design Optimization for Blades in Multistage Turbomachines—Part II: Validation and Application

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. X. Wang ◽  
L. He ◽  
Y. S. Li ◽  
R. G. Wells
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Efficiency Gain ◽  
Compressor Stage ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Transonic Compressor

This is the second part of a two-part paper. First, the design-optimization system based on the adjoint gradient solution approach as described in Part I is introduced. Several test cases are studied for further validation and demonstration of the methodology and implementation. The base-line adjoint method as applied to realistic 3D configurations is demonstrated in the redesign of the NASA rotor 67 at a near-choke condition, leading to a 1.77% efficiency gain. The proposed adjoint mixing plane is applied to the redesign of a transonic compressor stage (DLR compressor stage) and an IGV-rotor-stator configuration of a Siemens industrial compressor at a single-operating point, both producing measurably positive efficiency gains. An examination on the choice of the operating mass flow condition as the basis for the performance optimization, however, highlights the limitation of the single-point approach for practical applications. For the three-row compressor configuration, a near peak-efficiency point based redesign leads to a measurable reduction in the choke mass flow, while a near-choke point based redesign leads to a significant performance drop in other flow conditions. Subsequently, a parallel multipoint approach is implemented. The results show that a two-point design optimization can produce a consistently better performance over a whole range of mass flow conditions compared with the original design. In the final case, the effectiveness of the present method and system is demonstrated by a redesign applied to a seven-row industrial compressor at the design point, leading to a remarkable 2.4% efficiency gain.

scholarly journals SYSTEMATICS OF COMPOSITIONS IN HISTORICAL GARDENS AS A DESIGN SUPPORT IN CONTEMPORARY DESIGN CONCEPTS

space&FORM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (48) ◽  
pp. 79-104
Author(s):  
Teresa Bardzinska-Bonenberg ◽  
◽  
Agata Bonenberg ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Design Support ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Graphic Analysis ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Residential Garden ◽  
Historical Periods

People always valued nature around them so the gardens accompanied their houses and residences from the ancient times. Some features of garden compositions were recurring in historical periods differing only in some aspects. In contemporary gardens they are repeated again. To assess the coincidences, a short graphic analysis of the basic features of historical gardens was developed. A tool that has allowed to identify differences and similarities between old and contemporary is the tabulation of composition schemes of well-known historic gardens and comparing the results with the features of the recent developments. This allowed us to investigate whether the same elements of composition, despite 21st century changes, apply today. Key words: residential garden, historical establishments, garden layout, composition, contemporary gardens, repeated solutions.

Comparative Evaluation of Engineering Design Concepts Based on Non-Linear Substructuring Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 633 ◽  
pp. 15-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mladenko Kajtaz ◽  
Aleksandar Subic ◽  
Monir Takla
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Conceptual Design Phase ◽  
Non Linear

The paper presents a novel approach to comparative evaluation of engineering design concepts that exhibit non-linear structural behaviour under load. The developed method has extended the substructures technique in order to apply the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) method to complex non-linear structural problems in the conceptual design phase. As conventional FE models based on substructures allow only linear analysis, it was necessary in this research to introduce a new algorithm capable of linearizing non-linear structural problems with sufficient accuracy in order to enable comparative evaluation of design concepts relative to each other under the given constraints and loading conditions. A comparative study with respect to model size, efficiency, accuracy and confidence was performed to validate the developed method. Obtained results indicate significant improvement over more traditional approaches to applying FEA in the conceptual design phase. The improvements achieved using the developed method compared to the traditional FE based approach are superior by a factor of 2.7 in efficiency and by a factor of 4.5 in confidence while not sacrificing the optimality of the solutions.

scholarly journals COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON UNDERSLUNG GIRDER BRIDGE UNDER DIFFERENT LOADING CONDITIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieva Misiūnaitė ◽  
Algirdas Juozapaitis ◽  
Alfredas Laurinavičius
Keyword(s):  
Limit State ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Ultimate Limit State ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Girder Bridges ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Symmetric Load ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The comprehensive study on the structural behaviour of underslung girder bridge is examined in this study through both numerical modelling and experimental 3D model tests. The structural design of steel bridges in many cases is governed by their ability to withstand asymmetric loading conditions. Three different symmetric and asymmetric load cases were investigated to capture the deformational and flexural response of the main girder. It was found that under distributed load the structural response of underslung girder bridge was similar to beam-column with intermediate elastic supports. The numerical model was validated against experimental data with good agreement perceived, allowing an extensive parametric study to be performed. The observed influence of initial geometric imperfections and nonlinearities are discussed. It was found that symmetric load governs the ultimate limit state. However, the asymmetric one takes over in the case of serviceability. Finally, the study presented herein summarises experimental investigations, numerical simulations and design proposals obtained through the recent few years research program, carried on to deepen the knowledge on the structural behaviour of underslung girder bridges.

Topology Optimization of Beam Structures with Various End and Loading Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Dereje Engida Woldemichael ◽  
Jia Jiun Lai ◽  
D. Sujan
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Single Point ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Point Load ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Beam Structures ◽  
Stiffness Design ◽  
End Conditions ◽  
Optimum Material

Topology optimization deals with optimum material (mass) distribution within a design domain to find optimal lay-out of a structure subjected to certain boundary and loading conditions. Topology optimization can be used to address conflicting requirements, such as light weight and high-strength/stiffness design. In this paper, a simulation program to analyze topology optimization of beam structures with seven different end conditions and three types of loads (single point load, two point loads and uniformly distributed load) is developed using MATLAB code adapted from Sigmunds 99 line topology optimization code. Furthermore, the program has been enhanced with a graphical user interface for ease of use. Using the developed system, it is possible to analyze the effect of different parameters.

scholarly journals Optimized Design of a Novel Hydraulic Propeller Turbine for Low Heads

Designs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Dario Barsi ◽  
Marina Ubaldi ◽  
Pietro Zunino ◽  
Robert Fink
Keyword(s):  
Design Optimization ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Starting Point

In the present paper, an optimized design procedure capable of providing the geometry of a high efficiency compact hydraulic propeller turbine for low head is proposed and developed. The turbine preliminary design is based on fundamental turbomachinery mean-line equations and on the employment of statistical correlations, which relate the main geometrical parameters to the fundamental design parameters. The first obtained geometry represents the starting point of an automated aerodynamic single point optimization procedure based on a genetic algorithm generating and updating a wide database of turbine geometries. The approach employs a three-dimensional (3D) Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) solver for the construction of the corresponding database of performance. A meta-model, such as an artificial neural network (ANN), is used to speed up the design optimization process. The procedure has been applied on the practical case of a novel simplified hydraulic propeller turbine prototype for very low heads. The adopted design optimization procedure is able to modify the turbine blade and vane geometries in order to achieve automatically the targeted net head and the maximum for the total to total internal efficiency once diameter, mass flow rate, and rotational speed are assigned.

CALCULATION OF JULIA SETS BY EQUIPOTENTIAL POINT ALGORITHM

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1350015 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUANYUAN SUN ◽  
XUDONG ZHAO ◽  
KAINING HOU
Keyword(s):  
Complex Plane ◽  
Iterative Process ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Julia Sets ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Escape Time ◽  
Classical Algorithm

Escape time algorithm is a classical algorithm to calculate the Julia sets, but it has the disadvantage of dull color and cannot record the iterative process of the points. In this paper, we present the equipotential point algorithm to calculate the Julia sets by recording the strike frequency of the points in the iterative process. We calculate and analyze the Julia sets in the complex plane by using this algorithm. Finally, we discuss the iteration trajectory of a single point.

Mini Special Issue on Machine Tool Structure and its Design Optimization

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-679
Author(s):  
Hidenori Shinno
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Design Optimization ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Tool Development ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Machine Tool Structure ◽  
Dynamic Rigidity ◽  
Manufacturing Environments

Demands for machine tools that are highly accurate, productive, flexible, and compact have been growing in the aerospace, automotive, energy, factory automation, and other industries. Rationally meeting these severe, complex requirements has led to numerous research and development activities involving machine tools. Few machine tool technologies have been established, however, despite the machine tool industry’s long history. Within the next several years, the rapid change and enlargement of the This mini special issue on machine tool structure and its design optimization features 8 papers classified under the following themes: - Enhancing high static and dynamic rigidity - Minimizing and optimizing thermal deformation - Proposing new structural analysis methods for machine tools - Selecting and applying new structural materials to the machinetool structure - Applying new structural designs and mechanisms These papers present new design concepts, design methods, and innovative examples in machine tool development. I believe that successfully combining these core technologies will provide machine tool compatible with future manufacturing environments. In closing, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the authors and reviewers for their interesting and dedicated contributions to this special issue.

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