scholarly journals Processing and Characterisation of Charcoal Briquettes Made from Waste Rice Straw as A Renewable Energy Alternative

2021 ◽  
Vol 2080 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
Syed Nuzul Fadzli Syed Adam ◽  
Jamil Haer Muhammad Aiman ◽  
Firuz Zainuddin ◽  
Yahya Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Open Firing

Abstract In Malaysia, waste paddy plant after rice harvesting were abundant and have no commercial value and significant usage. This paddy waste is commonly burnt on the landfilled which cause open firing and leads to environmental problem. This study determines the potential of rice straw waste for charcoal briquette production and study the effect of using different binders (corn and tapioca starch) in making the briquettes. Raw rice straws were combusted at 260°C for 4 hours in oven to form char powder. Corn starch and tapioca starch used as binder and each of them was mixed with char powder before compacted into briquettes. Each briquette was characterized in terms of their bulk density, moisture content, ash content, compressive strength and flammable characteristics. It was found that corn starch-charcoal briquette showed higher ash content, higher bulk density and compressive strength up to 68 MPa. Increased of both binders has increased the bulk density and compressive strength of briquettes. Both type of charcoal briquettes showed similar ignition time and burning characteristic, approximately at 18 minutes and 0.08 gm/min respectively.

scholarly journals Thermal Analyses of Briquette Fuels Produced from Coal Dust and Groundnut Husk

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Ikelle I. Ikelle ◽  
Nworu J. Sunday ◽  
Nworie F. Sunday ◽  
Jedidiah John ◽  
Ogbuagu J. Okechukwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Coal Dust ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Water Boiling Test

AbstractThis work involved the production and thermal characterization of biomass briquettes produced by blending a major agricultural waste with coal dust. In the work, nine different compositions of coal dust/groundnut husk briquettes were produced using starch as the binder while Ca(OH2) was incorporated as the de-sulphurizing agent. The ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, moisture content, compressive strength, ignition time, calorific value, water boiling test and burning rate were carried out to determine the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the briquettes produced. The results showed that moisture content values are in the range 2.43 - 6.44%, for compressive strength 7.72 - 10.85 N/mm3, for ash content 24.18 - 29.15 %, for calorific value 21714.17 - 25027.18 kJ/kg, for fixed carbon 16.77-53.22 %, for ignition time 22.23-45.20 s, for water boiling test 1.50-4.99 min and burning rate 16.10-28.32 g/min. These are appreciable values for the thermal properties of the bio-briquettes. Therefore, the agro-wastes briquettes are beneficial for heating purposes rather than open incineration of the wastes.

Physical Properties of Cement Mortar Containing Waste Ash

2015 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Sumrerng Rukzon ◽  
Prinya Chindaprasirt
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Pozzolanic Material ◽  
Materials Used

This research studies the potential for using waste ash from industrial and agricultural by-products as a pozzolanic material. Classified fly ash (FA) and ground rice husk ash (RA) were the materials used. Water requirement, compressive strength and porosity of cement mortar were investigated. Test results indicated that FA and RA (waste ash) have a high potential to be used as a good pozzolanic material. The water requirement of mortar mix decreases with the increases in fly ash content. For ground rice husk ash (RA), the water requirement of mortar mix increases with the increases in rice husk ash content. In addition, the reduction in porosity was associated with the increase in compressive strength.

scholarly journals Valorization of briquettes fuel using Pinus spp. sawdust from five regions of Mexico

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 2249-2263
Author(s):  
María Alejandra Ramírez-Ramírez ◽  
Artemio Carrillo-Parra ◽  
Faustino Ruíz-Aquino ◽  
Luis Fernando Pintor-Ibarra ◽  
Nicolás González-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
The Impact

This research characterized briquettes made with Pinus spp. sawdust without the use of additives. For this purpose, 19 samples of sawdust from different wood industries located in five states of the Mexican Republic were used. The densification process was carried out in a vertical hydraulic piston laboratory briquette machine. The briquettes were made with 40 g of sawdust, at 50 °C, 20 kPa and pressing for 5 min. The results obtained varied as follows: moisture content (4.1% to 7.2%), density (813.9 to 1,014.4 kg/m3), volumetric expansion (7.4% to 37.3%), compressive strength (4.9 to 40.8 N/mm), impact resistance index (46.7% to 200%), ash (0.1% to 1.1%), volatile matter (82.9% to 90.7%), fixed carbon (8.9% to 16.4%), and calorific value (20.5 to 22.8 MJ/kg). The density of the briquettes was within the “acceptable” classification (800 to 1,200 kg/m3). It was observed that, the higher the density, the lower the volumetric expansion, the higher the compressive strength, and the higher the impact resistance index. According to the ash content, the briquettes could achieve international quality. Due to high volatile matter values, rapid combustion of the briquettes with little generation of toxic smoke would be expected. Fixed carbon and calorific value results were acceptable.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PUPUK KOMPOS DAN FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN MOL BONGGOL PISANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS STROBERI (Fragaria sp.)

BUANA SAINS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Nadhifa Hasna Fauziyah ◽  
Susilo Budiyanto ◽  
Adriani Darmawati Sudarman
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil Porosity ◽  
Banana Weevil ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Soil Characteristic ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Range Test

The aim of the study was to know the influence of the rice straw compost doses as fertilizer and the frequence microorganism local of banana weevil on the growth and yield of the strawberry. The experimental design of this research was Completely Randomize Design (CRD) factorial with three factors of rice straw compost doses (15, 20, 25 tons/ha) and three factors of frequence microorganism local of banana weevil (1 time, 3 times, and 5 times) with 3 replications. The parameter observed were bulk density of soil, porosity of soil, organic ingredients of soil, number of leaves, number of fruit, and weight of fruit. Data obtained was processed by analysis of variance and if there is an effect of yield treatment continued with Duncan multiple range test. The result showed that there are interaction between two treatment on bulk density and soil porosity. The compost doses and frequence microorganism local of banana weevil had significan effect on soil characteristic (bulk density, porosity, and organic ingredients of soil), improvement of best soil characteristic happen on compost doses 20 tons/ha and frequency microorganism local of banana weevil 2 times. Treatment of compost doses application 25 tons/ha will improve the parameters of number of leaves and number of fruit, while the best weight of fruit happen on compost doses 20 tons/ha with frequency microorganism local of banana weevil 1 time.

scholarly journals Processing of Wild Sunflower with Different Moisture Contents into Solid Bio Fuel

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fabie T. Dummapi ◽  
Jacqueline I. Liniasan ◽  
Marvin T. Valentin ◽  
Milagros B. Onalan ◽  
Leonardo D. Dumalhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Burning Time ◽  
Wild Sunflower ◽  
Average Mass ◽  
Moisture Contents

Wild sunflower with moisture contents of 16%, 12% and 8% was densified without the addition of binding agent. The physical properties of the formed briquettes such as mass, dimensions, volume, density and shattering resistance were evaluated. Thermal properties like ignition time, burning time, ash content, and thermal fuel efficiency by means of boiling test were also evaluated. Wild Sunflower stems were gathered and shredded using locally fabricated biomass shredder available at the Research Office of Benguet State University, and were processed into the desired size and moisture contents. Right after the briquetting operation, the physical properties of the briquette were measured and then stored in a zip bag for 24 hours. After the storage, same measurement was conducted. Results show that the influence of moisture contents on the average mass, dimension, shattering resistance, volume and density was statistically insignificant. The wild sunflower with moisture content of 16% had the highest shattering resistance of 88.85%. Furthermore, the influence of moisture content on the thermal properties like ignition time, burning time and ash content are statistically insignificant. Among the moisture contents, the fastest ignition time of 43.75 sec with longest burning time was recorded under 12%. Ash content was also lowest at 12%.

scholarly journals Biofuel Combustion Fly Ash Influence on the Properties of Concrete

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 546-550
Author(s):  
Aurelijus Daugėla ◽  
Džigita Nagrockienė ◽  
Laurynas Zarauskas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Binding Agent ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Plasticizing Admixture

Cement as the binding agent in the production of concrete can be replaced with active mineral admixtures. Biofuel combustion fly ash is one of such admixtures. Materials used for the study: Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R, sand of 0/4 fraction, gravel of 4/16 fraction, biofuel fly ash, superplasticizer, water. Six compositions of concrete were designed by replacing 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% 20%, and 25% of cement with biofuel fly ash. The article analyses the effect of biofuel fly ash content on the properties of concrete. The tests revealed that the increase of biofuel fly ash content up to 20% increases concrete density and compressive strength after 7 and 28 days of curing and decreases water absorption, with corrected water content by using plasticizing admixture. It was found that concrete where 20% of cement is replaced by biofuel ash has higher frost resistance.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ABU CANGKANG BEKICOT PADA SEMEN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN MORTAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Achendri M. Kurniawan ◽  
Devita Sulistiana
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Compressive Test ◽  
Snail Shell ◽  
Substitute Material ◽  
Straw Ash

Blitar Regency is one of the strange culinary centers, among which are processed various foods from snail base ingredients, ranging from kripik, sate oseng-oseng and so on as well as the existence of Blitar district is one of the rice barns in East Java. With the existence of Blitar district as a snail-based culinary producer and one of the rice barns in East Java, this is not spared from several problems, such as the disposal of snail shells in the river and burning of rice straw in rice fields which both will cause environmental damage. This study aims to examine the use of snail shell ash and rice straw ash as a substitute material for cement in mortar mixtures against mortar compressive strength. The research method used was the experimental method by mixing fine aggregate main ingredients with snail shell ash and rice straw ash then testing the compressive strength. The results of the compressive test with the addition of the percentage of snail shell shell turned out to increase by 54.78%.

Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of Lightweight Clay Bricks Fabricated with a Powdered Marble Dust Additive

2018 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Sutas Janbuala ◽  
Mana Eambua ◽  
Arpapan Satayavibul ◽  
Watcharakhon Nethan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
Marble Dust

The objective of this study was to recycle powdered marble dust to improve mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of lightweight clay bricks. Varying amounts of powdered marble dust (10, 20, 30, and 40 vol.%) were added to a lightweight clay brick at the firing temperatures of 900, 1000, and 1100 °C. When higher quantities of powdered marble dust were added, the values of porosity and water absorption increased while those of thermal conductivity and bulk density decreased. The decrease in apparent porosity and water absorption were also affected by the increase in firing temperature. The most desirable properties of the clay bricks were obtained for the powdered marble dust content of 40 vol.% and firing temperature 900 °C: bulk density of 1.20 g/cm3, compressive strength 9.2 MPa, thermal conductivity 0.32 W/m.K, and water absorption 22.5%.

High Volume Slag and Slag-Fly Ash Blended Cement Pastes Containing Nano Silica

2019 ◽  
Vol 967 ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Faiz U.A. Shaikh ◽  
Anwar Hosan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Ordinary Portland Cement ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Cement Pastes

This paper presents the effect of nanosilica (NS) on compressive strength and microstructure of cement paste containing high volume slag and high volume slag-fly ash blend as partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Results show that high volume slag (HVS) cement paste containing 60% slag exhibited about 4% higher compressive strength than control cement paste, while the HVS cement paste containing 70% slag maintained the similar compressive strength to control cement paste. However, about 9% and 37% reduction in compressive strength in HVS cement pastes is observed due to use of 80% and 90% slag, respectively. The high volume slag-fly ash (HVSFA) cement pastes containing total slag and fly ash content of 60% exhibited about 5%-16% higher compressive strength than control cement paste. However, significant reduction in compressive strength is observed in higher slag-fly ash blends with increasing in fly ash contents. Results also show that the addition of 1-4% NS improves the compressive strength of HVS cement paste containing 70% slag by about 9-24%. However, at higher slag contents of 80% and 90% this improvement is even higher e.g. 11-29% and 17-41%, respectively. The NS addition also improves the compressive strength by about 1-59% and 5-21% in high volume slag-fly ash cement pastes containing 21% fly ash+49%slag and 24% fly ash+56%slag, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results confirm the reduction of calcium hydroxide (CH) in HVS/HVSFA pastes containing NS indicating the formation of additional calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gels in the system. By combining slag, fly ash and NS in high volumes e.g. 70-80%, the carbon footprint of cement paste is reduced by 66-76% while maintains the similar compressive strength of control cement paste. Keywords: high volume slag, nanosilica, compressive strength, TGA, high volume slag-fly ash blend, CO2 emission.

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