The CMS electromagnetic calorimeter upgrade: high-rate readout with precise time and energy resolution

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. C01004
Author(s):  
Jelena Mijuskovic
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Electromagnetic Calorimeter ◽  
High Luminosity ◽  
Physics Program ◽  
Noise Rejection ◽  
Trigger Decision ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Precise Time

Abstract The electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) of the CMS detector has played an important role in the physics program of the experiment, delivering outstanding performance throughout data taking. The high-luminosity LHC will pose new challenges. The four to five-fold increase of the number of interactions per bunch crossing will require superior time resolution and noise rejection capabilities. For these reasons the electronics readout has been completely redesigned. A dual gain trans-impedance amplifier and an ASIC providing two 160 MHz ADC channels, gain selection, and data compression will be used in the new readout electronics. The trigger decision will be moved off-detector and will be performed by powerful and flexible FPGA processors, allowing for more sophisticated trigger algorithms to be applied. The upgraded ECAL will be capable of high-precision energy measurements throughout HL-LHC and will greatly improve the time resolution for photons and electrons above 10 GeV.

scholarly journals The High-Rate Sealed MRPC to Promote Pollutant Exchange in Gas Gaps: Status on the Development and Observations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4722
Author(s):  
Botan Wang ◽  
Xiaolong Chen ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Dong Han ◽  
Baohong Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Beam Test ◽  
High Luminosity ◽  
Rate Test ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Resistive Plate Chambers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Current Behavior

This work reports the latest observations on the behavior of two Multigap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) under wide high-luminosity exposures, which motivate the development and in-beam test of the sealed MRPC prototype assembled with low-resistive glass. The operation currently being monitored, together with previous simulation results, shows the impact of gas pollution caused by avalanches in gas gaps, and the necessity to shrink the gas-streaming volume. With the lateral edge of the detector sealed by a 3D-printed frame, a reduced gas-streaming volume of ~170 mL has been achieved for a direct gas flow to the active area. A high-rate test of the sealed MRPC prototype shows that, ensuring a 97% efficiency and 70 ps time resolution, the sealed design results in a stable operation current behavior at a counting rate of 3–5 kHz/cm2. The sealed MRPC will become a potential solution for future high luminosity applications.

PROSPECTS FOR RUN II BEAUTY PHYSICS AT DØ

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (supp01a) ◽  
pp. 425-427
Author(s):  
◽  
WENDY TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Cp Violation ◽  
Full Advantage ◽  
B Physics ◽  
Collider Physics ◽  
High Luminosity ◽  
Vertex Detector ◽  
Physics Program ◽  
Integrated Luminosity

In the spring of 2001, the upgraded Fermilab Tevatron will begin its collider physics run with [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text], where it is expected to deliver an integrated luminosity of 2 fb -1 in the first two years. The DØ detector is undergoing an extensive upgrade in order to take full advantage of the high luminosity running conditions. The upgraded detector's new silicon vertex detector, fiber tracker, and lepton trigger capabilities make a rich B physics program possible at DØ. This paper describes the prospects for several DØ B physics measurements, including CP violation in [Formula: see text] decays, Bs mixing and [Formula: see text] lifetime.

scholarly journals Time resolution improvement of an electromagnetic calorimeter based on lead tungstate crystals

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Ippolitov ◽  
Valery Lebedev ◽  
Vladislav Manko ◽  
Iouri Sibiriak ◽  
Alexander Akindinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
Electromagnetic Calorimeter ◽  
Lead Tungstate ◽  
Resolution Improvement

scholarly journals Interleukins and IgA synthesis. Human and murine interleukin 6 induce high rate IgA secretion in IgA-committed B cells.

1989 ◽  
Vol 169 (6) ◽  
pp. 2133-2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
K W Beagley ◽  
J H Eldridge ◽  
F Lee ◽  
H Kiyono ◽  
M P Everson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Ifn Gamma ◽  
Ig Synthesis

Freshly isolated murine PP B cells were cultured with 10 different cytokines, including IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta, to investigate a possible role for these cytokines in induction of Ig synthesis. Of interest was the finding that only IL-5 and both mouse recombinant (mr) and human recombinant (hr) IL-6 enhanced IgA synthesis. The effect was greater with either mrIL-6 or hrIL-6 than with mrIL-5. IL-6 induced cycling mIgA+ PP B cells to secrete high levels of IgA (approximately 7-fold increase over control). Of importance was the finding that mrIL-6 had little effect on secretion of IgM or IgG by PP B cell cultures. hrIL-6 also increased IgA secretion by PP B cells and this enhancement was abolished by a goat anti-hrIL-6 antiserum. mrIL-6 did not cause B cell proliferation but induced a sharp increase in numbers of B cells secreting IgA. Isotype-switching was not a mechanism for this marked increase in IgA synthesis since mIgA- PP B cells were not induced to secrete IgA by mrIL-6. From these studies we conclude that IL-6 plays an important role in promoting the terminal differentiation of PP B cells to IgA-secreting plasma cells.

The use of silicon photomultipliers for improving the time resolution of an electromagnetic calorimeter based on lead tungstate crystals

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Ippolitov ◽  
V. A. Lebedev ◽  
V. I. Manko ◽  
Yu. G. Sibiriak ◽  
A. V. Akindinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
Electromagnetic Calorimeter ◽  
Lead Tungstate ◽  
Silicon Photomultipliers

Two Novel Polymorphisms in 5' Flanking Region of the Mesothelin Gene are Associated with Soluble Mesothelin-Related Peptide (SMRP) Levels

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Cristaudo ◽  
Rudy Foddis ◽  
Alessandra Bonotti ◽  
Silvia Simonini ◽  
Agnese Vivaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Pleural Mesothelioma ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Flanking Region

Background and aims Increased concentrations of soluble mesothelin-related peptides (SMRP) have been found in sera of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) even if a relatively high rate of false positives has hampered their clinical use as a tumor marker. Individual SMRP levels could be affected by polymorphic elements. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms within the promoter-5'UTR regions and SMRP levels in healthy asbestos-exposed individuals and patients suffering from MPM. Methods The promoter-5'UTR regions of the mesothelin gene were genotyped in 59 healthy asbestos-exposed subjects and 27 MPM patients. SMRP levels were measured using a commercially available ELISA kit. Results Two novel polymorphisms, an A>C variant (called New1) and a C>T variant (called New2), were identified. In healthy subjects, high SMRP levels were associated with the C-variant of New1, with an average 1.62-fold increase compared with AA homozygotes (p<0.0001). Most of the C-allele carriers had SMRP levels above the threshold of 1.00 nM. We set two different SMRP cutoffs on the basis of the combined New1+New2 genotypes. Conclusions New1-New2 genotypes could be employed as markers for setting individualized and appropriate thresholds of “normality” when SMRP is used in surveillance programs of asbestos-exposed people.

Time resolution of the SND electromagnetic calorimeter

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. T06002-T06002 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.N. Achasov ◽  
V.M. Aulchenko ◽  
A.G. Bogdanchikov ◽  
V.P. Druzhinin ◽  
V.B. Golubev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Resolution ◽  
Electromagnetic Calorimeter
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