scholarly journals MAGNETIC AND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS OF IRONSAND DEPOSITS FROM CIREBON COASTAL AREA, WEST JAVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 873 (1) ◽  
pp. 012076
Author(s):  
R Nathasa ◽  
S Bijaksana ◽  
S J Fajar ◽  
T G Pitaloka
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutants ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Xrf Analyses

Abstract Cirebon is a densely populated port city which has ironsand deposits at its coastal area. Due to its vicinity to the port and the estuary, these deposits might contain anthropogenic pollutants including, heavy metals. Magnetic measurements, X-Ray diffraction (XRD) as well as X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses were carried out on iron sand samples from three sites along the Cirebon coastal area to identify the anthropogenic pollutants. The samples were separated based on the grain size before the measurement and analyses. Preliminary results show that the ironsand is less magnetic and has smaller frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility values than ironsand found on Bayuran Beach in Central Java. Combined XRD result and the regional geological map shows that most of the minerals were originated from eroded volcanic rocks. The XRF results show that the samples have a relatively high content of Si. XRF analyses also show relatively high concentrations of Cr and Zn, the Geoaccumulation Index shows that the sediment is moderately to heavily polluted by Cr and Zn indicating the possibility of anthropogenic origin. The Cr and Zn content exceeds the stipulated value in the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGS).

scholarly journals Peran Kontaminasi Kerak pada Diferensiasi Magma Pembentuk Batuan Vulkanik Sungai Ampalas, Mamuju, Sulawesi Barat

EKSPLORIUM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Windi Anarta Draniswari ◽  
Sekar Indah Tri Kusuma ◽  
Tyto Baskara Adimedha ◽  
I Gde Sukadana
Keyword(s):  
Magma Mixing ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Geochemical Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radioactive Mineral ◽  
Alkaline Feldspar ◽  
High Alkalinity ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Xrf Analyses

ABSTRAK Anomali radiometri telah ditemukan di area Sungai Amplas pada bongkah batuan vulkanik. Nilai yang terukur dari spektrometer gama adalah 787 ppm eU dan 223 ppm eTh. Penemuan ini menarik untuk pengembangan eksplorasi. Studi lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengetahui karekteristik batuan pembawa mineral radioaktif dari sampel in-situ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik petrologi dan geokimia batuan vulkanik Ampalas sebagai studi awal untuk mengetahui proses akumulasi mineral radioaktif pada batuan vulkanik Ampalas. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi pengamatan lapangan, pengambilan sampel batuan, analisis petrografi dan X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). Batuan vulkanik ampalas tersusun atas ponolit, foidit, dan foid-syenit. Tekstur batuannya terdiri dari porfiritik, aliran, rim piroksen, zoning, pseudo-leusit, korosi, inklusi mafik, dan sieve. Karakteristik geokimia menunjukkan alkalinitas tinggi dan indikasi pengayaan mineral radioaktif yang tersebar dalam batuan. Proses magmatis yang berperan dalam pembentukan batuan vulkanik adalah fraksionasi kristal (fraksionasi leusit dan alkali felspar), asimilasi kerak kontinen, dan pencampuran magma. Interaksi antara magma dan kerak menyebabkan diferensiasi magma berkelanjutan yang menghasilkan akumulasi uranium dan torium lebih tinggi.ABSTRACT Anomalous radiometry has been found in Ampalas River Area on volcanic rock boulder. The values measured from gamma spectrometer are 787 ppm eU and 223 ppm eTh. This discovery is promising for exploration development. Further study need to figure the radioactive mineral bearing rock characteristic from in-situ samples. The research aim is to determine the petrology and geochemical characteristics of Ampalas volcanic rocks as preliminary study to find radioactive mineral accumulation process of Ampalas volcanic rocks. The methodologies are field observation, rock sampling, petrography, and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses. The Ampalas volcanic rocks consist of phonolite, phoidite, and phoid syenite. Their textures are porphyritic, flow, pyroxene rim, zoning, pseudo-leucite, corrosion, mafic inclusions, and sieve. The geochemical characteristics show high alkalinity and radioactive mineral enrichment disseminating on rock. The magmatic processes which play a significant role in radioactive mineral-bearing rocks formation are crystal fractionations (leucite and alkaline feldspar fractionations), continental crust assimilation, and magma mixing. Long interaction between magma and crust creates advanced magma differentiation causing higher uranium and thorium accumulation.  

scholarly journals Conservation of cannonball underwater heritage in the shipwreck from the sea Batavia Jakarta Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riyanto ◽  
Muhammad Malthuf Jazuli ◽  
Imam Sahroni ◽  
M. Miqdam Musawwa ◽  
Nahar Cahyandaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Potential Measurement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Lime Water ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Right

Abstract Borobudur Conservation Center Magelang, Central Java Indonesia, has received underwater cannonball heritage in the shipwreck from the sea Batavia Jakarta Indonesia. This heritage is a shipment from the Directorate for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage and the Destruction of the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. This study aims to the conservation of underwater cannonball before being stored in a museum. Removal of the protective cover crust of iron artifacts without the correct and proper method can cause the more quickly the process of corrosion. To prevent this more damaging, the conservation of artifacts in the right solution is necessary. This research aims to stop the process of corrosion and conserve objects of iron in aqueous alkali corrosion potential measurement through there. Conservation of this research was conduct in four stages. The first stage is the identification of weathering, and the second stage is the analysis and characterization of surface corrosion object using the handy microscope, XRD (x-ray Diffraction), XRF (x-ray Fluorescence), and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The third stage is the passivation/deactivation process of corrosion using sodium hydroxide, soap water and kaffir lime water. The fourth stage is stabilization/coating of materials iron cannonball underwater heritage as soon as possible using microcrystalline wax so as not further corrosion process going so that this stage should be able to complete the conservation problems of the object until they can last for the long term. Characterization of dry and wet activated corrosion using XRD obtained mineral akaganeite. Akaganeite minerals showed active corrosion containing high concentrations of Cl atoms for dry and wet activated corrosion 66.603% and 64.963%, respectively. After being conserved with several steps and using NaOH, soap water and kaffir lime water show inactive corrosion. Based on the results of analysis with XRF cannonball does not contain Cl and Fe content reaches 98.99%. The conservation method used in this research is excellent and appropriate to conserve the objects of cultural heritage cannonball material underwater iron heritage.

scholarly journals Investigation into River Sediments Toxicity as a Result of Inappropriate Waste Disposal

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lívia R. Souza ◽  
Ana Cláudia Q. Ladeira
Keyword(s):  
Total Concentration ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Discharge Point ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Industrial Discharge ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Zinc Industry

Sediments of the São Francisco River basin (Brazil) were investigated to determine the environmental consequences of incorrect disposal of wastes generated by a zinc industry. Surface sediments were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and chemically analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Total organic carbon (TOC), acid volatile sulfides (AVSs), and simultaneously extracted metals (SEMs) were also determined. AVS/SEM procedure was employed to assess the bioavailability of the metals in sediments. XRD analyses indicated that the main phases in the sediments were kaolinite and quartz. The total concentration of Zn and Pb, near the old industrial discharge point, indicated high levels of contamination according to the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs). According to the AVS/SEM criteria, despite the high levels of zinc and lead in the sediments, the toxicity resulting from these metals is unlikely in most of the samples. However, in one of the samples, collected near the old industrial discharge point, the toxicity is uncertain—according to the USEPA criteria.

Conservation of underwater cannonball heritage obtained from a shipwreck in the sea of Batavia, Jakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riyanto Riyanto ◽  
Imam Sahroni ◽  
Muhammad Malthuf Jazuli ◽  
M. Miqdam Musawwa ◽  
Nahar Cahyandaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Lime Water ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Alkali Solutions ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Right

Abstract The Borobudur Conservation Center in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia has received underwater cannonballs from a shipwreck in the sea near Batavia, Jakarta, Indonesia. This artifact is a shipment from the Directorate for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage and the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. This study aims to conserve the underwater cannonball before it is stored in a museum. The removal of the protective crust of iron artifacts without the correct and proper method can cause rapid corrosion. To prevent damage, artifacts must be conserved in the right solution. This research aims to stop the process of corrosion and conserve iron objects in aqueous alkali solutions, and the potential corrosion was measured. Conservation was conducted in four stages during this research project. The first stage is the identification of weathering, and the second stage is the analysis and characterization of the corroded surface using a microscope, XRD (X-ray diffraction), XRF (X-ray fluorescence), and SEM (scanning electron microscopy). The third stage is the passivation/deactivation process, which was achieved using sodium hydroxide, soapy water and kaffir lime water. The fourth stage is stabilizing/coating the iron cannonball underwater heritage materials as soon as possible using microcrystalline wax to prevent further corrosion, so this stage should solve the conservation problems associated with the object so that the objects can last for a long time. Dry and wet activated corrosion was characterized by applying XRD to the obtained mineral akageneite. The akageneite minerals were actively corroded and contained high concentrations of Cl atoms revealing dry and wet activated corrosion of 66.603% and 64.963%, respectively. After being conserved with several steps and NaOH, soapy water and kaffir lime water, inactive corrosion was observed. Based on the results of the analysis performed with XRF, the cannonball does not contain Cl, and the Fe content is 98.99%. The conservation method used in this research is excellent and appropriate to conserve cultural heritage materials, including underwater iron cannonballs.

scholarly journals PENELITIAN LINGKUNGAN PANTAI DAN LOGAM BERAT PERAIRAN PARIAMAN– PADANG-BUNGUS TELUK KABUNG SUMATERA BARAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudi Darlan ◽  
Udaya Kamiludin
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Alluvial Deposits

Kawasan pesisir Padang merupakan salah satu kawasan andalan yang menjadi prioritas untuk dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Kawasan pesisir Pariaman - Padang merupakan daerah pantai abrasi, disusun oleh endapan alluvial berupa kerikil, pasir, dan lempung membentuk pantai lurus dan landai. Kawasan pesisir Padang – Bungus Teluk Kabung berupa pantai teluk, stabil, disusun oleh batuan volkanik membentuk bentang alam perbukitan dan pantai terjal. Abrasi terjadi di daerah telitian sebagai dampak perubahan iklim global dan aktivitas manusia (anthropogenic) seperti dampak kerusakan terumbu karang terutama terjadi di kawasan pantai Pariaman - Padang. Di Padang – Bungus Teluk Kabung sedimentasi terjadi akibat dampak perubahan rona lingkungan di kawasan hulu sungai (hinterland) yang membawa sedimen ke perairan. Mangrove dengan luasan kecil terdapat di kawasan Padang – Bungus Teluk Kabung,. Terumbu karang masih banyak dijumpai di kawasan Bungus Teluk Kabung dan sekitarnya dalam kondisi 50% rusak akibat pemboman dan perubahan kondisi air laut yang disebabkan oleh pencemaran dari limbah kapal, industri dan rumah tangga. Kandungan Logam berat Hg sebagai zat pencemar yang terdapat pada sedimen perairan Bungus Teluk Kabung mencapai 3500 ppb di atas baku mutu sedimen (410 ppb). Kandungan logam lainnya yang punya nilai ekonomis yang terdapat di daerah telitian yaitu emas, Au (4ppb – 22ppb) dan perak, Ag (1ppm – 2ppm). Kata kunci: lingkungan pantai, pencemaran, logam berat, mineral ekonomis, Pariaman, Padang, Bungus Teluk Kabung The coastal area of Padang is one of the target coastal areas that have been prioritised to be developed by the West Sumatra Government. The coastal area of Pariaman – Padang is an erosion coast of alluvial deposits consisted of gravel, sand, and clay which form straight and gentle slope beaches. The coastal area of Padang – Bungus Kabung Bay is a stable embayment coast consisted of volcanic rocks which form undulated hilly land and cliff. Erosion occurred at the research area as impact of the global climate changes and human activities (anthropogenic) for example impact of coastal reef destruction at the area of Pariaman – Padang. At the coastal area of Padang – Bungus Kabung Bay sedimentation occurred as impact of change environments in the hinterland, which transport sediment loads to the coast. Mangroves of small square areas are distributed at the coastal area of Padang – Bungus Teluk Kabung. While coral reef distributed in large area at the coast of Bungus Kabung Bay and adjacent area in 50% condition impacted from explosion and change of sea water quality due to waste disposal from boats, industries, and houses. Heavy metal content of mercury (Hg) as a toxic element in sediment of Bungus Kabung Bay reach 3500 ppb over the sediment quality standard (410 ppb). Economic native metals found at the research area are gold, Au (4ppb – 22 ppb), and silver, Ag (1ppm – 2ppm). Key words: coastal environments, pollution, heavy metals, valuable minerals, Pariaman, Padang, Bungus Teluk Kabung

scholarly journals Analysis of major, minor and trace elements in surface sediments by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for assessment of possible contamination of Boka Kotorska Bay, Montenegro

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Tanaskovski ◽  
Marija Petrović ◽  
Zoran Kljajić ◽  
Sandro Degetto ◽  
Slavka Stanković
Keyword(s):  
Surface Sediment ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Sediment Pollution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Quality Guidelines

<p class="prvred">Boka Kotorska Bay is on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List. There are no published papers related to the surface sediment pollution of the Bay. For the first time, elements were measured in surface sediments at nine locations in the Bay by the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (ED-XRF) technique. Si, Fe, Ca, K, Ti, Mn, P, Ba, Cr, Sr, Zn, Rb, Ni, Cu, Pb, As, Sn, Sb, Hg and Cd were quantified in the surface sediments. Sediments were classified as non-polluted or polluted by counting the enrichment factor (<em>EF</em>), metal loading index (<em>MLI</em>) and geo-accumulation index (<em>I<sub>geo</sub></em>) based on the elemental background level of the analyzed elements in the literature, or by the Sediment Quality Guidelines (<em>SQGs</em>) of USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). Based on USEPA’s <em>SQG</em>s, the surface sediment in the entire Bay can be classified as heavily polluted by As and Cr, and non-polluted by Cd and Hg, and, related to the sites, the surface sediment at the Tivat-Arsenal site was heavily polluted and at the Orahovac site was not polluted at all. The <em>PLI</em> (pollution load index) values for the locations of Tivat-Arsenal and Orahovac are in agreement with the conclusion based on USEPA’s<em> SQG</em>s. The results in this paper will establish an initial view of sediment pollution and the state of the Bay’s environment.</p>

IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE AS A MODEL OF SATO UMI TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITHIN COASTAL AREA OF INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhendar I Sachoemar ◽  
Suhendar I Sachoemar ◽  
Tetsuo Yanagi ◽  
Tetsuo Yanagi ◽  
Mitsutaku Makino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sustainable Aquaculture ◽  
The South ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Public ◽  
Central Java ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Similar Program ◽  
Technology Dissemination

The development of sustainable model of aquaculture by applying Sato Umi concept within coastal area of Indonesia has expanded from the center of first experiment in the northern coastal area of west Java to central Java (western Indonesia) and Bantaeng in the South Sulawesi of central Indonesia. The similar program has also been proposed for Maluku Province in the eastern part of Indonesia. In the next 5 years, Indonesia is developing the Techno Parks Program in some areas, in which aquaculture and fisheries activities development on the base of Sato Umi concept in the coastal area are involves in this program. The development of Techno Parks are directed as a center application of technology to stimulate the economy in the regency, and a place of training, apprenticeship, technology dissemination center, and center business advocacy for the public. Hopely, Sato Umi concept that has a similar spirit with Techno Park can be applied to support the implementation of Techno Park program in Indonesia

Interaction of ditertiary phosphines with phenyl- and 1-naphthyldithiocarbamatonickel(II)

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1383-1390
Author(s):  
Aref A. M. Aly ◽  
Ahmed A. Mohamed ◽  
Mahmoud A. Mousa ◽  
Mohamed El-Shabasy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Spin Structure ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Mixed Ligand ◽  
Mixed Ligand Complexes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Square Planar

The synthesis of the following mixed ligand complexes is reported: [Ni(phdtc)2(dpm)2], [Ni(phdtc)2(dpe)2], [Ni(phdtc)2(dpp)3], [Ni(1-naphdtc)2(dpm)2], [Ni(1-naphdtc)2], and [Ni(1-naphdtc)2(dpp)2], where phdtc = PhNHCSS-, 1-naphdtc = 1-NaPhNHCSS-, dpm = Ph2PCH2PPh2, dpe = Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2, and dpp = Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2. The complexes are characterised by microanalysis, IR and UV-Vis spectra, magnetic measurements, conductivity, X-ray powder diffraction, and thermal analysis. All the mixed ligand complexes are diamagnetic, and thus a square-planar or square-pyramidal (low-spin) structure was proposed for the present complexes.

scholarly journals A small molecule compound with an indole moiety inhibits the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 and blocks virus replication

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichiro Hattori ◽  
Nobuyo Higashi-Kuwata ◽  
Hironori Hayashi ◽  
Srinivasa Rao Allu ◽  
Jakka Raghavaiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecule ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Viral Breakthrough ◽  
Main Protease ◽  
Small Molecule Compound ◽  
Polar Interactions ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractExcept remdesivir, no specific antivirals for SARS-CoV-2 infection are currently available. Here, we characterize two small-molecule-compounds, named GRL-1720 and 5h, containing an indoline and indole moiety, respectively, which target the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). We use VeroE6 cell-based assays with RNA-qPCR, cytopathic assays, and immunocytochemistry and show both compounds to block the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 with EC50 values of 15 ± 4 and 4.2 ± 0.7 μM for GRL-1720 and 5h, respectively. Remdesivir permitted viral breakthrough at high concentrations; however, compound 5h completely blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro without viral breakthrough or detectable cytotoxicity. Combination of 5h and remdesivir exhibits synergism against SARS-CoV-2. Additional X-ray structural analysis show that 5h forms a covalent bond with Mpro and makes polar interactions with multiple active site amino acid residues. The present data suggest that 5h might serve as a lead Mpro inhibitor for the development of therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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