scholarly journals Ecological and physiological modelling of mixed stand dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
V I Lisitsyn ◽  
N N Matveev ◽  
V V Saushkin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Thermodynamic System ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Mixed Stand ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Physiological Modelling ◽  
Spruce Stands

Abstract Modelling the dynamics of forest ecosystems is an urgent task, as the volume of publications in the Russian and world press demonstrates. In the proposed work, a new ecological and physiological model of a mixed forest stand has considered. Basically, it proceeds from the ecological and physiological model of a single-breed forest stand, that had obtained from the analysis of the behavior of an open thermodynamic system, which is a forest ecosystem. Four differential equations are required to describe a two-species stand, with the mutual influence of species being expressed both in interspecific competition for a resource and in mutual ‘support’ in the growth of the trees. The model of mixed stand with two species contains 10 independent parameters that have a clear physical meaning. Six parameters relate to the dynamics of each species, and four ones take into account the interactions of the species during growth. The verification of the model is presented by calculating the biomass dynamics for full two-stage aspen-spruce stands of European part (middle taiga ecoregion) of the first appraisal area. The presented model of the dynamics of forest ecosystems can be used in practical forestry, especially in the transition from an extensive method of forestry to an intensive one.

Carbon Accounting and Evaluation for Natural and Planted Forest Stands in South China

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3328-3331
Author(s):  
Shao Juan He ◽  
Yong Chang Ye ◽  
Jian Yun Zhu ◽  
Lu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
South China ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Mixed Stand ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock

Three forest stands, i.e., natural secondary broadleaved mixed stand, 3-year-old eucalypt stand and 1-year-old eucalypt stand, were selected for study in Dongguan, south China, for forest carbon accounting and evaluation. The results showed that forest tree carbon stocks for the three stands were 85.6745 t, 17.5570 t, and 6.5469 t for broadleaved mixed stand, 3-year-old eucalypt stand, and 1-year-old eucalypt stand, respectively, while the forest soil carbon stocks for the three forest stands in a descending order were: 3-year-old eucalypt stand (97.0984 t), 1-year-old eucalypt forest stand (96.7272 t), and broadleaved mixed forest (84.6288 t), respectively. Using a carbon tax criterion, we evaluate the monetary benefit of carbon stock for each forest stand, with the broadleaved forest stand having the highest total value. This study suggested that the perennial broadleaved forest stand has significant advantage over 1-year or 3-year-old eucalypt stands in biomass carbon stocks, however, eucalypt stands have great potentials in soil carbon stock due to more organic material return from litter.

scholarly journals Carbon stock in litter of middle taiga forest ecosystems of Central Siberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 875 (1) ◽  
pp. 012085
Author(s):  
O Sergeeva ◽  
L Mukhortova ◽  
L Krivobokov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Central Siberia ◽  
Multistage Processes ◽  
Taiga Forest

Abstract Litter plays an important role in the carbon cycle of forest ecosystems incorporating significant amount of carbon as a result of annual partial die-off of the biomass and releasing it during complex multistage processes of organic matter decomposition. The balance of these processes in the forests of permafrost zone significantly shifts towards the accumulation of dead organic matter. That makes the assessment of litter stock in these ecosystems particularly relevant, especially in relation to the predicted consequences of climate change in the study region. On the territory of middle taiga of Central Siberia, 14 sampling plots were established in the various landforms (slopes of different exposition, lowlands and uplands). The carbon stock in litter of the main forest types of the studied area varied from 0.47 to 4.46 kgC/m2. Also, the paper considers composition of litter accumulated in these ecosystems, including the ratio between fresh litterfall, fermented and humified plant residues, and dead roots. Our results demonstrated that fermented plant residues prevailed in the litter composition in most types of studied forest ecosystems due to specificity of hydrothermal regime and quality of litterfall. The results obtained might be applied to refine the carbon budget of Siberian forests.

scholarly journals Transformation of even-aged spruce stands at the School Forest Enterprise Kostelec nad Černými lesy: Structure and final cutting of mature stand

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 158-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Remeš
Keyword(s):  
Forest Stand ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Main Criterion ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Mature Stand ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Very High

This paper deals with the transformation of pure even-aged forest stands to mixed and more uneven-aged stands on an example of selected even-aged Norway spruce stands in the School Forest Enterprise (SFE) in Kostelec nad Černými lesy. A forest stand where individual tree felling was used as the main method of forest stand regeneration was chosen as a conversion example. The main criterion of tree maturity is the culmination of mean volume increment of a single tree. The analyses confirmed a very high variability in the growth potential of individual trees. The potential and actual increment was strongly influenced by the stand position of tree and by crown release. These results show a high potential level of tree growth even at the age of 120 years. From 30% to 9% of all trees on particular experimental plots achieved felling maturity.

Flow modeling within a Central European forest using large-eddy simulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Plorin ◽  
Sandra Grunicke ◽  
Christian Bernhofer ◽  
Ronald Queck
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Monitoring Site ◽  
Neutral Atmosphere ◽  
Vegetation Model ◽  
Lateral Direction ◽  
Central European ◽  
European Forest

<p>With the aim to simulate the exchange of energy and matter between air and vegetation, we applied the LES PALM to a typical Central European forest. The presentation shows how the level of detail within vegetation model and the orography alters the simulated flow.</p><p>The site of investigation is a managed mixed forest stand (mainly Picea abies, height 30 m; a long-term CarboEurope monitoring site) within the Tharandter Wald near Dresden, Germany. Terrestrial laser scans (TLS) provided the data basis for the high-resolution vegetation model of this forest stand and a nearby clearing (50x90 m) building the inner range of the model domain. To investigate orographic effects on the flow, we extended the domain for about 1.5 km to the west. This includes the S-Berg, which is about 40 m height and therefore the highest elevation on the windward side. We used information from airborne laser scanning (ALS) along with forest inventory data to build a vegetation model as well as a digital elevation model for the extended area (2 km in streamwise and 1.5 km in lateral direction) with a resolution of (2m)<sup>3</sup>. </p><p>In a first step, we restricted all simulations to a neutral atmosphere to exclude effect of buoyancy.</p><p>Wind data from four measurement towers (from DFG SPP 1276 MetStröm) provided data for a validation of the simulations. They were located within the inner domain along a west-east transect over the clearing.</p>

scholarly journals On the Occurrence of Natural Norway Spruce Woodland in the Pieniny Mts (Western Carpathians)

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
Peter Kučera
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Altitudinal Limit

Abstract According to Kulczyński (1928), a natural Picea abies forest occurs in the mountain range of the Pieniny Mts on the slopes of the mountain Vysoke skalky. Later, various data on the altitudinal range of this stand (and thus on the locality itself) were published: (1) 890 (900) - 950 m, (2) 1000 - 1050 m or (3) around 1000 m. The aim of the field research was to verify published data on the occurrence of a woodland of Upper Mountain Norway spruce (association Polysticho-Piceetum) in the territory of Vysoke skalky. A field study in the area has revealed that most of published data on the occurrence of the Kulczyński’s Picea woodland are incorrect, as its real upper altitudinal limit reaches ± 940 m. The main result is the confirmation of the real existence of a Vaccinium myrtillus-Homogyne alpina-Picea abies phytocoenosis in the territory of Vysoke skalky. However, tree species other than Picea abies (e.g. Fagus sylvatica, Abies alba, Acer pseudoplatanus) could persist in the special habitat of Kulczyński’s ‘Picea woodland’. The natural vegetation of this place was formed by mixed forest stand.

scholarly journals Genetic analysis of European common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) populations affected by ash dieback

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 198-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Fussi ◽  
M. Konnert
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellites ◽  
Microsatellite Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽  
Ash Dieback ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Adaptation Processes

AbstractEuropean common ash is an important component of mixed forest ecosystems in Bavaria and is considered a valuable tree species under climate change. The first aim of the present study was to assess the genetic diversity within and between ash populations in Bavaria in comparison with neighboring regions. Because ash stands have been heavily attacked by ash shoot disease in the last few years, the second aim of the study was to detect genetic differences between susceptible and less susceptible trees (trees with defoliation up to 30%) within populations. Altogether 41 populations were investigated using nuclear and chloroplast microsatellites. The results showed high genetic variation within and high genetic differentiation between ash populations. Higher chloroplast microsatellite variation was detected instead populations from south-eastern Bavaria compared to other regions. The comparison of susceptible and less susceptible groups of individuals within each population revealed medium to high genetic differences in some cases. For the observed heterozygosity, higher values were found for the group of less susceptible trees compared to the group of all trees or to the group of susceptible trees within populations. This could be a first indication that individuals with a higher heterozygosity might be able to withstand ash dieback in a better way compared to homozygotic individuals. Within the group of less susceptible trees a relatively wide genetic base exists whereupon a future breeding programme can be built. Thus it is of utmost importance for the species to maintain less affected trees in order to keep the genetic potential for future adaptation processes within ash populations, seed production and regeneration.

The Relationship between Soil Moisture and Root Density under Different Types Phyllostachys edulis Forests in Northern Fujian

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1090-1094
Author(s):  
Wei Yi Liu ◽  
Shao Hui Fan ◽  
Guang Lu Liu ◽  
Feng Ying Guan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
The North ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Routine Observation ◽  
The Relationship

The soil moisture of three typical P. edulis forests (P. edulis and Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest, P. edulis pure forest , P. edulis and broad-leaved tree mixed forest ) in the North of Fujian province were studied in comparison with C. lanceolata pure forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest. Based on the routine observation, characteristics of spatial and temporal change of soil water content were studied. According to the roots distribution which were analyzed on different forest stand, the Linear and relationship model were established about the soil water and roots distribution. Results showed that the forest stand roots density decreasing with increasing soil depth, roots density and spatial distribution of soil moisture are related closely.

scholarly journals Ecology of beech regeneration in the allochthonous spruce stands – a case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1261-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lumír Dobrovolný ◽  
Miroslav Cháb
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Single Mother ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Diffuse Radiation ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Successional Process ◽  
Natural Way

We study the successional process of beech in a allochthonous spruce monocultures. In the natural regeneration of the predominatly spruce stand (area: 14.28 ha, age: 110 years) with single mother beech trees admixture the spruce regeneration occupies the most part of the study area. However, about one quarter of area is occupied relatively regular by beech regeneration. The spruce density was at all times higher than that of beech while the spruce height grow was by contrast at all times lower than that of beech. Mean distance of beech seedlings dispersion is 12.7; at a distance greater than 40 m, the density already neared zero. Density of spruce increases with increasing light intensity, the density of beech decreases – the competition point was found about 19% of diffuse radiation or about 14% of canopy openness. The both species respond to increase of light intensity with increase of height grow (by beech only weekly) – the spruce starts to dominate the beech at about 32% of diffuse radiation or about 22% of canopy openness. The silvicultural goal in the next stand generation – converting of spruce forest into mixed forest, i.e. achievement of the legal proportion of beech as a soil-improving and reinforcing tree species (proportion about 30% and more) in the spruce stand can be reliably realized by natural way only using a combination of more intensive shelterwood or border felling with group selection system.

scholarly journals New data on the distribution and abundance of Dendrolimus sibiricus (Tshetverikov, 1908) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) in the Komi Republic.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
The Past ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Preimaginal Stages ◽  
And Control

Abstract The Siberian silkworm (Dendrolimus sibiricus Tschetv.) is a defoliator pest that poses a significant threat to coniferous forest stands. Over the past decades, several large outbreaks of this species have occurred in Siberia (Russia), which has led to changes in forest ecosystems and an increase of expenses involved in reforestation. Adults capture new territories in the process of migration, therefore, a set of measures is needed to register the number and prevent further dispersal of the moth. One of methods of trapping is glue traps with synthetic pheromone. 16 district forestries located in the middle taiga subzone, with a total area of 151 850 hectares, were surveyed as a part of the phytosanitary monitoring of the Siberian silkworm in the Komi Republic (Russia). Analysis of 773 pheromone traps showed 414 males of the target species that were identified by their genitals. The highest indicators of catchability were found in three district forestries. Taking into account the results obtained, it was proposed to continue the monitoring using the pheromone traps, to survey more northern forest districts and to carry out subsequent searches for preimaginal stages of the silkworm in the forest districts of Priluzsky district. The study will be useful for predicting the further spread of the silkworm and for developing optimal containment and control of the pest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document