scholarly journals Utilization of weather-radar data to observe the Sea Breeze Front (SBF) over the North Coast of Banten-Jakarta (case study in 2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 893 (1) ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
D L A Purba ◽  
I J A Saragih ◽  
D S Sosaidi
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Weather Radar ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Convective Activity ◽  
Breeze Circulation ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Boundary Area ◽  
The North

Abstract One of the important factors in weather and climate dynamics that can trigger precipitation on the coast and the surrounding area is a sea breeze. Sea breeze occurs because of differences in the surface temperature between land and sea due to solar heating which then forms a pressure gradient that leads to a land called the sea breeze circulation. An important part of sea breeze circulation is the Sea Breeze Front (SBF). SBF is a boundary area where wind from the sea direction meets the wind from the land direction, which is marked by significant changes in temperature, humidity, wind and can trigger convective activity. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the SBF on the north coast of Banten-Jakarta in 2018 which were identified using a Doppler weather radar Plan Position Indicator (PPI) product and convective activity using the Coloumn Maximum (CMAX) product. Qualitative and quantitative methods are used to determine the SBF parameters such as frequency of occurrence, onset time, duration, length, column depth, and SBF penetration, and convective activity during the occurrence of SBF. The results showed that SBF was detected more in the rainy season January, February, and December 2018, and occur between 08:08 LT and 15:20 LT. SBF can trigger the occurrence of convective clouds and affect the temperature and humidity conditions around the SBF.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulations of Sea-Breeze Circulations over Northwest Hawaii*

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongxin Zhang ◽  
Yi-Leng Chen ◽  
Thomas A. Schroeder ◽  
Kevin Kodama
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Trade Wind ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Sea Breezes ◽  
Model Simulations

Abstract Sea-breeze cases during 23–28 June 1978 over northwest Hawaii are simulated using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Mesoscale Spectral Model (MSM) coupled with an advanced Land Surface Model (LSM) with 3-km horizontal resolution. Subjective analyses show that except for 27 June, the MSM–LSM-predicted onset time, duration, and vertical extent of the sea breezes agree well with observations. The largest mean absolute errors for surface air temperature occur at the coastal stations under strong trade wind conditions (e.g., 23 and 27 June). The model-simulated rainfall distribution in association with sea-breeze fronts is consistent with observations. Sensitivity tests demonstrate the modulation of sea-breeze behavior by surface properties. High-resolution (1 km) MSM–LSM simulations for 23 and 27 June show improvements over the 3-km MSM–LSM in reproducing the observed sea breezes through a better representation of local terrain and a better simulation of orographically enhanced trades channeling through the Waimea Saddle. Deficiencies noted in the model simulations include 1) sea-breeze speeds are more than 2–3 m s−1 weaker than observations, and 2) horizontal penetration of sea breezes is generally overestimated. These deficiencies in the model simulations are primarily related to two factors: one is the underestimation of the trade wind speeds in the initialization from the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data that is favoring the farther penetration of the sea breezes, and the other is the uncertainties in the thermal properties of the lava rocks that affect the surface temperature and the sea-breeze speed.

MBAH HENDRO KUSUMO BIN SYECH AHMAD MUTAMAKKIN: JEJAK SYIAR ISLAM DI WILAYAH PATI

EMPIRISMA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathimatuz Zahra Dan Abdul Azis
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
The One

Pati is a region on the north coast, according to the hypothesis of the researcher, the region is divided into three categories. The northern regions are more religious, the central is more plural, while the southern region is in the middle. In the central region there are many relics of tombs believed to be the those of the Muslim proselytizers in the area of Pati. The one that attracts the researcher is a tomb in the Gambiran area, where there are five local Muslim saints buried, one of them belons to mbah Hendro Kusumo, the son of Syech Ahmad Mutamakkin. This article attempts to trace back the spreading of Islam in Pati based on the existence of thetomb of Mbah Hendro Kusumo. It wants to answer question of whethere the existence of his tomb is due to his studying there or marital relationship, and how it relates to the spreading of Islam.Keywords: Mbah Hendro Kusumo, Traces of Islamic Dakwah, Islam

4 The Tyara Site

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 44-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Beach ◽  
North Coast ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The West ◽  
Rock Outcrops ◽  
Small Boat ◽  
The North

The Tyara site, KkFb-7 in the National Museum catalogue and site file, faces the north coast of the Ungava mainland and rests on the west shore of Sugluk Island (Fig. 1). That island stands about five hundred yards from the mainland and from Sugluk Inlet, one of the few good harbors on that coast. This handsome little island, about one and one-half miles long and as wide, consists of rounded, rugged, hardrock hills that shelter well-vegetated, generally flat-floored valleys. The valleys often contain marshy patches. The shore, of variable incline, is quite jagged, a result of abrupt rock outcrops projecting seaward from brief stretches of sandy beach. The shore facing the mainland is, therefore, quite convenient for small boat use. Dark grey gneisses seem to predominate, although they are often cut by dykes and veins of lighter material, notably quartz. The dense, green valley and hillside vegetation includes willows, mosses, grasses, lichens, and a pleasant profusion of arctic wild flowers (Polunin 1948, Pt. III). I was told at Sugluk that at the head of the inlet, willows, growing in protected situations, reach the thickness of a man's wrist.

Seed production and seedling emergence of Giant Parramatta grass on the north coast of New South Wales

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
TS Andrews ◽  
RDB Whalley ◽  
CE Jones
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Seed Fall ◽  
The Impact

Inputs and losses from Giant Parramatta grass [GPG, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. var. major (Buse) Baaijens] soil seed banks were quantified on the North Coast of New South Wales. Monthly potential seed production and actual seed fall was estimated at Valla during 1991-92. Total potential production was >668 000 seeds/m2 for the season, while seed fall was >146000 seeds/m2. Seed fall >10000 seeds/m2.month was recorded from January until May, with further seed falls recorded in June and July. The impact of seed production on seed banks was assessed by estimating seed banks in the seed production quadrats before and after seed fall. Seed banks in 4 of the 6 sites decreased in year 2, although seed numbers at 1 damp site increased markedly. Defoliation from mid-December until February, April or June prevented seed production, reducing seed banks by 34% over 7 months. Seed banks in undefoliated plots increased by 3300 seeds/m2, although seed fall was estimated at >114 000 seeds/m2. Emergence of GPG seedlings from artificially established and naturally occurring, persistent seed banks was recorded for 3 years from bare and vegetated treatment plots. Sown seeds showed high levels of innate dormancy and only 4% of seeds emerged when sown immediately after collection. Longer storage of seeds after collection resulted in more seedlings emerging. Estimates of persistent seed banks ranged from 1650 to about 21260 seeds/m2. Most seedlings emerged in spring or autumn and this was correlated with rainfall but not with ambient temperatures. Rates of seed bank decline in both bare and vegetated treatment plots was estimated by fitting exponential decay curves to seed bank estimates. Assuming no further seed inputs, it was estimated that it would take about 3 and 5 years, respectively, for seed banks to decline to 150 seeds/m2 in bare and vegetated treatments.

scholarly journals The Potential of GRASP/GARRLiC Retrievals for Dust Aerosol Model Evaluation: Case Study during the PreTECT Campaign

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Dimitra Konsta ◽  
Alexandra Tsekeri ◽  
Stavros Solomos ◽  
Nikolaos Siomos ◽  
Anna Gialitaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Evaluation ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Saharan Dust ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Aerosol Model ◽  
The North ◽  
Sun Photometer

We use the Generalized Retrieval of Aerosol Surface Properties algorithm (GRASP) to compare with dust concentration profiles derived from the NMME-DREAM model for a specific dust episode. The GRASP algorithm provides the possibility of deriving columnar and vertically-resolved aerosol properties from a combination of lidar and sun-photometer observations. Herein, we apply GRASP for analysis of a Saharan dust outburst observed during the “PREparatory: does dust TriboElectrification affect our ClimaTe” campaign (PreTECT) that took place at the North coast of Crete, at the Finokalia ACTRIS station. GRASP provides column-averaged and vertically resolved microphysical and optical properties of the particles. The retrieved dust concentration profiles are compared with modeled concentration profiles derived from the NMME-DREAM dust model. To strengthen the results, we use dust concentration profiles from the POlarization-LIdar PHOtometer Networking method (POLIPHON). A strong underestimation of the maximum dust concentration is observed from the NMME-DREAM model. The reported differences between the retrievals and the model indicate a high potential of the GRASP algorithm for future studies of dust model evaluation.

scholarly journals Intrathecal dexmedetomidine improves epidural labor analgesia effects: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006052199953
Author(s):  
Gehui Li ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Xiaofei Qi ◽  
Xiaolei Huang ◽  
Yuantao Li
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intrathecal Injection ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Labor Analgesia ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Clinical Registry ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group D

Objective α2‑agonists and opioids have been used as intrathecal adjuvants to local anesthetics for several years, but the effect of intrathecal dexmedetomidine (Dex) or sufentanil combined with epidural ropivacaine in labor analgesia is not fully understood. Methods A total of 108 parturient women receiving combined spinal-epidural labor analgesia were randomly divided into three groups. Group C received l mL saline (0.9%) intrathecally, Group D received 5 µg Dex intrathecally, and Group S received 5 µg sufentanil intrathecally. All parturient women then received 0.1% epidural ropivacaine and 0.2 µg/mL sufentanil for patient-controlled epidural analgesia with standard settings. The visual analog scale score, onset time, duration of intrathecal injection, local anesthetic requirements, and side effects were recorded. Results The labor analgesia effects in Groups D and S were better than those in Group C. Groups D and S displayed significantly shorter onset times, longer durations of intrathecal injection, and reduced local anesthetic requirements compared with Group C. The incidence of shivering and pruritus in Group D was lower than that in Group S. Conclusion Intrathecal administration of 5 µg Dex could improve epidural labor analgesia effects. This randomized controlled clinical trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Registry Center (ChiCTR-1800014943, http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ).

scholarly journals Thinner Sea Ice Contribution to the Remarkable Polynya Formation North of Greenland in August 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyi Shen ◽  
Chang-Qing Ke ◽  
Bin Cheng ◽  
Wentao Xia ◽  
Mengmeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The North ◽  
Wind Sea ◽  
The One

AbstractIn August 2018, a remarkable polynya was observed off the north coast of Greenland, a perennial ice zone where thick sea ice cover persists. In order to investigate the formation process of this polynya, satellite observations, a coupled ice-ocean model, ocean profiling data, and atmosphere reanalysis data were applied. We found that the thinnest sea ice cover in August since 1978 (mean value of 1.1 m, compared to the average value of 2.8 m during 1978–2017) and the modest southerly wind caused by a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (mean value of 0.82, compared to the climatological value of −0.02) were responsible for the formation and maintenance of this polynya. The opening mechanism of this polynya differs from the one formed in February 2018 in the same area caused by persistent anomalously high wind. Sea ice drift patterns have become more responsive to the atmospheric forcing due to thinning of sea ice cover in this region.

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