scholarly journals Application of hydrometeorological data to analyze water balance conditions in Bengkulu watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 893 (1) ◽  
pp. 012078
Author(s):  
G I S L Faski ◽  
Ig L S Purnama ◽  
S Suprayogi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Excess Water ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Monthly Water Balance ◽  
Water Holding

Abstrak Water balance serves to determine hydrological conditions in a watershed, one of which is by analyzing the surplus (excess water) and deficit (water shortage) that occurs. Extreme surpluses or deficits can cause hydrometeorological disasters, such as floods or droughts. This study aims to calculate the monthly water balance using the Thornthwaite-Mather method to determine variations in the incidence of surplus and deficit months in all three sub-watersheds in Bengkulu Watershed, namely Rindu Hati, Susup, and Bengkulu Hilir sub-watershed. The data used are monthly hydrometeorological data for 2009-2018 (10 years) were divided into two periods of water balance based on land use data. Water balance period 1 (2009-2013) uses 2009 land use data, while period 2 (2014-2018) uses 2014 land use data. The results show that the surplus, deficit, runoff, and discharge in the three sub-watersheds in the Bengkulu watershed are affected by rainfall. In general, the deficit incidents in all three sub-watersheds occur almost every three years. The Rindu Hati and Susup sub-watersheds have the same variations of surplus and deficit month incidents, while the Bengkulu Hilir sub-watershed is different, both in periods 1 and 2. It is not only the rainfall that affects the variation in the events of surplus and deficit in all three sub-watersheds of the Bengkulu watershed, but also the amount of water holding capacity (WHC). Therefore, the application of hydrometeorological data to analyze the water balance conditions in the Bengkulu watershed provides information on climate impact on water resources and environmental impact on flows in the watershed.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Future Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Change Impacts on Water Resources

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Nick Martin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Weather Generator ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Lulc Change

Climate and land use and land cover (LULC) changes will impact watershed-scale water resources. These systemic alterations will have interacting influences on water availability. A probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) framework for water resource impact analysis from future systemic change is described and implemented to examine combined climate and LULC change impacts from 2011–2100 for a study site in west-central Texas. Internally, the PRA framework provides probabilistic simulation of reference and future conditions using weather generator and water balance models in series—one weather generator and water balance model for reference and one of each for future conditions. To quantify future conditions uncertainty, framework results are the magnitude of change in water availability, from the comparison of simulated reference and future conditions, and likelihoods for each change. Inherent advantages of the framework formulation for analyzing future risk are the explicit incorporation of reference conditions to avoid additional scenario-based analysis of reference conditions and climate change emissions scenarios. In the case study application, an increase in impervious area from economic development is the LULC change; it generates a 1.1 times increase in average water availability, relative to future climate trends, from increased runoff and decreased transpiration.

scholarly journals The Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Change (LULCC) on Water Resources in a Tropical Catchment in Tanzania under Different Climate Change Scenarios

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Näschen ◽  
Bernd Diekkrüger ◽  
Mariele Evers ◽  
Britta Höllermann ◽  
Stefanie Steinbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
The Impact

Many parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are prone to land use and land cover change (LULCC). In many cases, natural systems are converted into agricultural land to feed the growing population. However, despite climate change being a major focus nowadays, the impacts of these conversions on water resources, which are essential for agricultural production, is still often neglected, jeopardizing the sustainability of the socio-ecological system. This study investigates historic land use/land cover (LULC) patterns as well as potential future LULCC and its effect on water quantities in a complex tropical catchment in Tanzania. It then compares the results using two climate change scenarios. The Land Change Modeler (LCM) is used to analyze and to project LULC patterns until 2030 and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is utilized to simulate the water balance under various LULC conditions. Results show decreasing low flows by 6–8% for the LULC scenarios, whereas high flows increase by up to 84% for the combined LULC and climate change scenarios. The effect of climate change is stronger compared to the effect of LULCC, but also contains higher uncertainties. The effects of LULCC are more distinct, although crop specific effects show diverging effects on water balance components. This study develops a methodology for quantifying the impact of land use and climate change and therefore contributes to the sustainable management of the investigated catchment, as it shows the impact of environmental change on hydrological extremes (low flow and floods) and determines hot spots, which are critical for environmental development.

scholarly journals An assessment of land use change impacts on the water resources of the Mula and Mutha Rivers catchment upstream of Pune, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2233-2246 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Wagner ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
K. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Basin Scale

Abstract. Land use changes are altering the hydrologic system and have potentially large impacts on water resources. Rapid socio-economic development drives land use change. This is particularly true in the case of the rapidly developing city of Pune, India. The present study aims at analyzing past land use changes between 1989 and 2009 and their impacts on the water balance in the Mula and Mutha Rivers catchment upstream of Pune. Land use changes were identified from three Rivers catchment multitemporal land use classifications for the cropping years 1989/1990, 2000/2001, and 2009/2010. The hydrologic model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was used to assess impacts on runoff and evapotranspiration. Two model runs were performed and compared using the land use classifications of 1989/1990 and 2009/2010. The main land use changes were identified as an increase of urban area from 5.1% to 10.1% and cropland from 9.7% to 13.5% of the catchment area during the 20 yr period. Urbanization was mainly observed in the eastern part and conversion to cropland in the mid-northern part of the catchment. At the catchment scale we found that the impacts of these land use changes on the water balance cancel each other out. However, at the sub-basin scale urbanization led to an increase of the water yield by up to 7.6%, and a similar decrease of evapotranspiration, whereas the increase of cropland resulted in an increase of evapotranspiration by up to 5.9%.

Italy's renewable water resources as estimated on the basis of the monthly water balance

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Salvati ◽  
Marco Petitta ◽  
Tomaso Ceccarelli ◽  
Luigi Perini ◽  
Federica Di Battista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Monthly Water Balance

scholarly journals An assessment of land use change impacts on the water resources of the Mula and Mutha Rivers catchment upstream of Pune, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1943-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Wagner ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
K. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Basin Scale

Abstract. Land use changes are altering the hydrologic system and have potentially large impacts on water resources. Rapid socio-economic development drives land use change. This is particularly true in the case of the rapidly developing city of Pune, India. The present study aims at analyzing past land use changes between 1989 and 2009 and their impacts on the water balance in the Mula and Mutha Rivers catchment upstream of Pune. Land use changes were identified from three multitemporal land use classifications for the cropping years 1989/1990, 2000/2001, and 2009/2010. The hydrologic model SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) was used to assess impacts on runoff and evapotranspiration. Two model runs were performed and compared using the land use classifications of 1989/1990 and 2009/2010. The main land use changes were identified as an increase of urban area from 5.1% to 10.1% and cropland from 9.7% to 13.5% of the catchment area during the 20 yr period. Urbanization was mainly observed in the eastern part and conversion to cropland in the mid-northern part of the catchment. At the catchment scale we found that the impacts of these land use changes on the water balance cancel each other. However, at the sub-basin scale urbanization led to an increase of the water yield by up to 7.6%, and a similar decrease of evapotranspiration, whereas the increase of cropland resulted in an increase of evapotranspiration by up to 5.9%.

scholarly journals Recasting catchment water balance for water allocation between human and environmental purposes

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 911-938
Author(s):  
S. Zhou ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
Y. Wei ◽  
G. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Murray Darling Basin

Abstract. Rebalancing water allocation between human consumptive uses and the environment in water catchments is a global challenge. The conventional water balance approach which partitions precipitation into evapotranspiration (ET) and surface runoff supports the optimization of water allocations among different human water use sectors under the cap of water supply. However, this approach is unable to support the emerging water management priority issue of allocating water between societal and ecological systems. This paper recast the catchment water balance by partitioning catchment total ET into ET for the society and ET for the natural ecological systems, and estimated the impacts of water allocation on the two systems in terms of gross primary productivity (GPP), in the Murray–Darling Basin (MDB) of Australia over the period 1900–2010. With the recast water balance, the more than 100 year water management in the MDB was divided into four periods corresponding to major changes in basin management: period 1 (1900–1956) expansion of water and land use by the societal system, period 2 (1956–1985) maximization of water and land use by the societal system, period 3 (1985–2002) maximization of water diversion for the societal system, and period 4 (2002–present) rebalancing of water and land use between the societal and ecological systems. The recast water balance provided new understandings of the water and land dynamics between societal and ecological systems in the MDB, and it highlighted the experiences and lessons of catchment water management in the MDB over the last more than 100 years. The recast water balance could serve as the theoretical foundation for water allocation to keep a dynamic balance between the societal and ecological systems within a basin for sustainable catchment development. It provides a new approach to advance the discipline of socio-hydrology.

scholarly journals Assessment of Socio-Economic and Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources in Four European Lagoon Catchments

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastassi Stefanova ◽  
Cornelia Hesse ◽  
Valentina Krysanova ◽  
Martin Volk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Coastal Zone Management ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Vistula Lagoon ◽  
Ria De Aveiro ◽  
Mar Menor

Abstract This study demonstrates the importance of considering potential land use and management changes in climate impact research. By taking into account possible trends of economic development and environmental awareness, we assess effects of global warming on water availability and quality in the catchments of four European lagoons: Ria de Aveiro (Portugal), Mar Menor (Spain), Vistula Lagoon (Poland and Russia), and Tyligulskyi Liman (Ukraine). Different setups of the process-based soil and water integrated model (SWIM), representing one reference and four socio-economic scenarios for each study area: the “business as usual”, “crisis”, “managed horizons”, and “set-aside” scenarios are driven by sets of 15 climate scenarios for a reference (1971–2000) and near future (2011–2040) scenario period. Modeling results suggest a large spatial variability of potential impacts across the study areas, due to differences in the projected precipitation trends and the current environmental and socio-economic conditions. While climate change may reduce water and nutrients input to the Ria de Aveiro and Tyligulsyi Liman and increase water inflow to the Vistula Lagoon the socio-economic scenarios and their implications may balance out or reverse these trends. In the intensely managed Mar Menor catchment, climate change has no notable direct impact on water resources, but changes in land use and water management may certainly aggravate the current environmental problems. The great heterogeneity among results does not allow formulating adaptation or mitigation measures at pan-European level, as initially intended by this study. It rather implies the need of a regional approach in coastal zone management.

scholarly journals Socio-hydrological water balance for water allocation between human and environmental purposes in catchments

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 3715-3726 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zhou ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
Y. Wei ◽  
G. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Management Changes

Abstract. Rebalancing water allocation between human consumptive uses and the environment in water catchments is a global challenge. This paper proposes a socio-hydrological water balance framework by partitioning catchment total evapotranspiration (ET) into ET for society and ET for natural ecological systems, and establishing the linkage between the changes of water balance and its social drivers and resulting environmental consequences in the Murray–Darling Basin (MDB), Australia, over the period 1900–2010. The results show that the 100-year period of water management in the MDB could be divided into four periods corresponding to major changes in basin management within the socio-hydrological water balance framework: period 1 (1900–1956) – expansion of water and land use for the societal system, period 2 (1956–1978) – maximization of water and land use for the societal system, period 3 (1978–2002) – maximization of water use for the societal system from water diversion, and period 4 (2002–present) – rebalancing of water and land use between the societal and ecological systems. Most of management changes in the MDB were passive and responsive. A precautionary approach to water allocation between the societal and ecological systems should be developed. The socio-hydrological water balance framework could serve as a theoretical foundation for water allocation to evaluate the dynamic balance between the societal and ecological systems in catchments.

scholarly journals A Critical Analysis of the Water Quality Impacts on Water Resources in the Athi River Drainage Basin, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadrack M. Kithiia
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Quality Degradation ◽  
Water Uses

This paper presents a critical analysis of the water quality changes and their impacts on water resources within the Athi River Catchment and its implications of the people’s livelihoods. The paper analyses the effects of land use activities on water quality in the headwater areas of the basin which has a profound impacts on the downstream water uses within the basin. The paper in addition makes an attempt to relate the impacts of human activities on water quality degradation trends within the basin against the available and potential water resources in the basin. The Athi River is the second largest in Kenya and traverses areas of diverse land use activities from the more agricultural head water areas through the industrial hub of Kenya in Nairobi to the Indian Ocean discharging its waters near Malindi town north of Mombasa. The paper gives a detailed analysis of the impacts of human activities on the water resources in regard to water quality degradation, pollution and mitigation measures. The study was based on field data collection and measurements and laboratory analysis. The researcher used 10 sampling points located within the Nairobi sub-basin and distributed along the river profile to examine the trends in water quality degradation and its implication on human livelihoods in the basin. The researcher noted a declining trend in water quality status downstream the river profile. A close analysis of the water situation in the basin paints a blink future on the available water resources in the basin against the projected water uses and increasing population compounded by the impacts of water pollution and climate change. This is likely to increase incidences of water shortage and food insecurity in many parts of the basin. The researcher recommends more investments in water harvesting infrastructure, environmental conservation and adoption of modern water management technologies.

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