scholarly journals Determining and Mapping of Forest Species Using Remote Sensing and GIS in Amadiyah Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012126
Author(s):  
Muzahim Saeed Younis ◽  
Saifaldeen Maadh Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Total Type ◽  
Total Accuracy ◽  
Tree Type

Abstract The location indication was classified as a directed classification for all 44 species of trees present at the study site based on the projection of the tree coordinates on the false-color satellite images, which were taken from the location of these trees and their reflectivity measured in the laboratory. Where the satellite image was classified, based on the points taken for trees as field training areas, the visual output image classified by the directed classification method included 23 classes and represents the distribution of trees and shrubs at the site. The classification accuracy of vegetation and non-vegetation covers was also assessed by taking (334) ground control points for the various land targets and vegetation covers to determine this accuracy. Thus, we obtained a total accuracy of the classified statement (82.1%). This indicates that the accuracy of the overall classification is good, acceptable, and reliable. The percentage was high for all varieties, reaching (93%) for the frothy mug, weeping willow, and wild amethyst, and the lowest (75%) for olives, grassy slopes, and flat barren soils, and this was also acceptable. Through this accuracy, we can determine the extent to which the classification matches these goals and covers, and the possibility of relying on the prepared map for its future use. The number of each tree type was estimated by determining the coverage area for each tree type and the total area to cover the total type in the area using the proportional method. From this, it was found that the different types of trees differ in their presence on the site and the reason is attributed to the difference in height, direction and the different organic matter in which these types were grown and the environmental conditions appropriate to the species and that these factors have an effective role in the distribution of species and their densities in the different sites of the study area. We also noticed that the highest presence in terms of number was of edible oaks, followed by tannins oak in second place, at a rate ranging from (29.84%, 6.35%).

scholarly journals Automatic Change Detection Based on Edge Information Using Two Different Types of Ortho Image

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Akira Sasagawa ◽  
Shuto Sugai ◽  
Mayumi Noguchi
Keyword(s):  
Change Detection ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Aerial Photo ◽  
Edge Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Detection Quality ◽  
Edge Vector ◽  
Robust Result

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> A new algorithm of automatic change detection for update of base map is presented. In conventional method, using two different types of ortho image, such as aerial photo and satellite image, makes detection quality worse due to the difference of each contrast, brightness, color balance and so on. To obtain robust result against such difference between two images, we introduce edge-vector technique. We applied this method using two ortho images derived from each aerial photo and satellite image. We have tested our method and confirmed a performance of the change detection by the interpretation test. In this paper, the detailed algorithm and the result of interpretation test are reported.</p>

scholarly journals Investigation of Color Reproduction on Linen Fabrics when Printing with Mimaki TX400-1800D Inkjet with Pigment TP250 Dyes

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Tim Tofan ◽  
Rimantas Stonkus ◽  
Raimondas Jasevičius
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Color Reproduction ◽  
Related Effect ◽  
Color Characteristics ◽  
Fabric Density ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Linen Fabric

The aim of this research is to investigate related effect of dyeability to linen textiles related to different printing parameters. The study investigated the change in color characteristics when printing on linen fabrics with an inkjet MIMAKI Tx400-1800D printer with pigmented TP 250 inks. The dependence of color reproduction on linen fabrics on the number of print head passes, number of ink layers to be coated, linen fabric density, and different types of linen fabric was investigated. All this affects the quality of print and its mechanical properties. The change in color characteristics on different types of linen fabrics was determined experimentally. We determine at which print settings the most accurate color reproduction can be achieved on different linen fabrics. The difference between the highest and the lowest possible number of head passages was investigated. The possibilities of reproducing different linen fabric colors were determined.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Wear Behaviour in Metallic Binders Employed in Diamond Tools for Cutting Stone

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3988
Author(s):  
Fátima Ternero ◽  
Pedro M. Amaral ◽  
Jorge Cruz Fernandes ◽  
Luís Guerra Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Empirical Expression ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Diamond Tools ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Stone Material ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Wear Tests

A type of disc-on-plate test methodology was used to determine the wear behavior of metallic binders employed in the manufacturing of diamond impregnated tools. The disc consists of a special circular wheel that allows the binder materials alone (i.e., without diamond, but sintered under conditions identical to those of the complete tool) to be tested against a plate of stone material under pre-determined testing conditions. The testing conditions are intended to be equivalent to those used in the industrial processes. Using plates of five types of granite and one type of marble, this work comprises wear tests of 15 different types of metallic binders and two sintering modes conducted under, at least, three different values of contact-force. The analysis of the results demonstrated that the wear of the binders can be related to their mechanical properties through an empirical expression. The larger the difference between the characteristics of the tribological pair (binder versus stone), the higher is the correlation between the experimental wear data and the values given by the empirical expression. The relationships presented in this work allow predicting the wear behavior of the binder, and therefore may help in the design process of diamond tools. There was a clear difference between the wear behavior of metallic binders when they were employed against the two main classes of stone under analysis (marble and granite).

scholarly journals LOGICAL REASONING ANALYSIS BASED ON HIPPOCRATES PERSONALITY TYPES

Aksioma ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-73
Author(s):  
Nurdin Nurdin ◽  
Ita Sarmita Samad ◽  
Sardia Sardia
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Logical Reasoning ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Abstract: The theory distinguishes human based on four different personality types such as: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic. Different types of personality caused by differences in the dominant fluid in the body. These differences will result in terms of behavior, ways of thinking and to get along. The type of this research that is descriptive qualitative which it is describing the logical reasoning based on Hippocrates personality types. The logical reasoning is analyzed through the four types of personality in relation to mathematical problem solving. The Analysis is done based on the logical reasoning indicator/ subindicator and the steps of problem solving stated by Polya. The result shows that there is a reasoning difference on each type of personalities. The difference can be terms of the strenght or the weakness. Sanguine is quicker in understanding problems and communicating results, choleric is more accelerated in work, melancholic is more perfect at work, and  phlegmatic is superior in terms of accuracy. Keywords: Logical reasoning, Hippocrates, sanguine, choleric, melancholic, phlegmatic

scholarly journals Philosophies of interreligious dialogue: Practice in search of theory

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oddbjørn Leirvik
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Interfaith Dialogue ◽  
Faith Communities ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mutual Change

In this article, I discuss how insights from Martin Buber’s and Emmanuel Levinas’ philosophies of dialogue have enlightened my own experience of inter-faith dialogue in Norway. Central perspectives here are Buber’s notion of ’the realm of the between’ and Levinas’ emphasis on asymmetry and vulnerability. Some other philosophers’ reasonings about dialogue are also considered, from the overall perspective of ’practice in search of theory’. In connection with a distinction be-tween different types of dialogue (’spiritual’ and ’necessary’), the difference between government initiated ’dialogue’ and initiatives originating from the faith communities (i.e., civil society) are discussed. The last part of the article analyses the notion of ’(mutual) change’ which is often brought forward when discussing the aims of interfaith dialogue. In this connection, religious education in school is also considered as a possible arena for dialogue—and ’change’.

scholarly journals The effect of different irrigation techniques on the quality of cleaning of root canal walls

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Violeta Pavlovic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group I ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

Aim: To evaluate the effect of irrigation techniques, i.e. different types of irrigation needles, on the quality of cleaning of root canal walls using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and Method: The study was conducted on 16 extracted, single-rooted, human teeth. The samples were allocated to two experimental groups depending on the type of the irrigation needle. Conventional needles were used for the irrigation of Group I and laterally perforated ones for Group II. All root canals were instrumented using K files and the Step-back technique. During instrumentation, all samples were irrigated with 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution followed by final irrigation with 17 % EDTA for 1 min. After that, all samples were irrigated with 10 ml of distilled water. The roots were, then, sectioned longitudinally and middle one third of each root canal was analyzed using SEM. Quantitative analysis was based on criteria by H?lsmann et al. Results: The obtained results showed that the more efficient removal of debris and the smear layer was accomplished in the group of samples irrigated using laterally perforated needles than conventional needles. The difference between the investigated irrigation techniques were statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of laterally perforated needles for irrigation allows more efficient cleaning of root canal walls, i.e. the removal of debris and the smear layer.

scholarly journals LOGIC OF RELATIVITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Ihor Ohirko ◽  
Zinovii Partyko
Keyword(s):  
Modal Logic ◽  
Symbolic Logic ◽  
Logical Theory ◽  
Relative Truth ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Modal Values

The problem of the truth of statements is considered. This study had the goal to develop a logical theory that would allow considering the context (the paradigm) from which would depend on the truth of the statement. For the development of such a theory, called the logic of relativity, the following methods of research are used as abstraction, analysis (traditional), synthesis, deduction, formalisation, axiomatisation, logical method. In order to develop the logic of relativity, it is expedient to use the achievements in the area of situational logic. Under the situation, it is proposed to understand two circumstances (time and space) and a condition that creates a context (paradigm) statement. Specifies the modal values that these three parameters can acquire and examines different types of situations. In order to write statements in the logic of relativity, a form of the statement of statements is proposed in the language of extended symbolic logic. For the theory of the logic of relativity, a set of four axioms is proposed and a series of laws. In particular, it is indicated that the values of the assertions in the logic of relativity are the following five estimates: truth, relative truth, relative is absurd, unclear, uncertain. Some theorems of the logic of relativity are proposed. A number of examples of texts in the natural language are given to interpret the statements of the logic of relativity. It is indicated that the proposed apparatus of the logic of relativity should be regarded as a kind of modal logic. The difference in the logic of relativity from situational logic is that it considers the factor of movement (motion) of statements in time, space and environment conditions, which was not considered by situational logic. The logic of relativity should be used wherever it is necessary to take into account the possibility of moving allegations regarding time, space and environment of conditions. One of the most important conclusions of the study is that in the logic to the standard values of truth (true, probably true, false, uncertain), it is expedient to add another value: relatively true (and accordingly: relatively false).

scholarly journals Critical Land Detection using Remote Sensing Device and Geographic Information (Case Study of Critical Land Basic of Catchments Area, Alang, Wonogiri)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Beny Harjadi
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Difference

Work criteria and indicator of Catchments Area need to be determined because the success and the failure of cultivating Catchments Area can be monitored and evaluated through the determined criteria. Criteria Indicators in utilizing land, one of them is determined based on the erosion index and the ability of utilizing land, for analyzing the land critical level. However, the determination of identification and classification of land critical level has not been determined; as a result the measurement of how wide the real critical land is always changed all the year. In this study, it will be tried a formula to determine the land critical/eve/ with various criteria such as: Class KPL (Ability of Utilizing Land) and the difference of the erosion tolerance value with the great of the erosion compared with land critical level analysis using remote sensing devices. The aim of studying land critical level detection using remote sensing tool and Geographic Information System (SIG) are:1. The backwards and the advantages of critical and analysis method2. Remote Sensing Method for critical and classification3. Critical/and surveyed method in the field (SIG) Collecting and analyzing data can be found from the field survey and interpretation of satellite image visually and using computer. The collected data are analyzed as:a. Comparing the efficiency level and affectivity of collecting biophysical data through field survey, sky photo interpretation, and satellite image analysis.b. Comparing the efficiency level and affectivity of land critical level data that are found from the result of KPL with the result of the measurement of the erosion difference and erosion tolerance.

scholarly journals The Tolerance of Several Hybrid Corn (Zea mays L.) Varieties Type on Cob Rot in the Plateau of Simalungun Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
Warlinson Girsang ◽  
Rosmaria Girsang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The research was carried out in Dolog Masagal Subdistrict, Simalungun Regency, altitude ± 1.100 m above sea level. The research was conducted from January to May 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the tolerance level of several hybrid corn varieties to cob rot disease. Methods for conducting the research used randomized block design (RBD) with 1 factor. Types of hybrid corn varieties tested were: Pioneer 29 (V1), NK 99 (V2), Pioneer 12 (V3), NK 22 (V4), Pioneer 4 (V5), Nusantara I (V6), Asia 1 (V7).The parameters observed were: plant height, cob diameter, cob length containing seeds, number of seed rows per cob, number of seeds per row, number of seeds per cob,  husk cover in cob, cob rot intensity, the amount of dry production per plot, and the weight of 1.000 seeds. Based on the research results, different types of hybrid corn varieties produce different tolerances of cob rot resistance in the Simalungun highlands. The most tolerant variety of cob rot disease is Pioneer 29 (mild damage scale = 0 - 10%). Different types of varieties planted also affect various components of growth and production, among others: plant height, number of seeds per row, number of seed rows per cob, husk cover on cob, dry production per plot, and weight of 100 grains. As for the parameters of cob diameter, cob length containing seeds and the number of seed rows per cob, the difference in varieties did not significantly affect.

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