scholarly journals Classifying cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) clones based on principal component analysis of specific characters for use as selection criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
Fadhillah Laila ◽  
Chindy Ulima Zanetta ◽  
Agung Karuniawan ◽  
Budi Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Local Cultivar

Abstract There is an abundance of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) genetic resources in Indonesia, and the local accessions are inseparable from the community of Indonesia. Several of the cultivars have cultural significance and over time have been bred for specific uses and products. The specific use and combination of traits encourages the use of local cultivars or aims for genetic improvement of the local cultivars. The objective of this study was to measure character variability and to categorize cassava clones based on specific characteristics to better inform selection criteria. A total of 156 cassava clones collected from all over Indonesia were evaluated along with three clones of the local cultivar Jatinangor as checks. This is basic research, so the data information can be a complement to the cassava germplasm in Indonesia. The experiment was performed as an augmented block design. The variability of characteristics was analyzed using principal components analysis with a Pearson correlation. Grouping of clones was accomplished using a symmetric biplot function. Three first principal components contributed to the maximum variability of cassava by 87.85 %, and characters that contributed variability had factor loadings>0.6. Having variability in characteristics suggests that there is an opportunity for performance-based clone selection. In this study,nine cassava clones with desirable trait combinations were identified based on PCA, of which four were identified as the best performing clones.

scholarly journals UJI DAYA HASIL UBIKAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) VARIETAS UJ5 PADA BERBAGAI UMUR PANEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Palupi Puspitorini ◽  
Dyah Pitaloka ◽  
Tri Kurniastuti
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
Cassava Varieties

This study aims to find out the results of cassava tuber crop UJ5 variety at different harvest ages. Research direction is that cassava varieties have been planted throughout Indonesia as the best producer of cassava varieties. High levels of starch and high HCN content makes this variety was selected by the factory - tapioca factory in Indonesia. Research design used randomized block design with 7 treatments of harvesting (UP) were repeated 3 times. UP6 (harvesting 6 MAP), UP7 (harvesting 7 MAP), UP8 (harvesting 8 MAP), UP9 (harvesting 9 MAP), UP10 (harvesting 10 MAP), UP11 (harvesting 11 MAP), UP12 ( harvesting 12 MAP). The research variables are the fresh weight of tuber, tuber starch content (%), the weight of biomass, harvest index, number of tubers per plant. The results showed that the best harvesting time is UP9 the results did not differ with UP10, UP11 and UP12

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Nutrient Sources Exhibit Varying Associations of Vegetative and Reproductive Parameters of Irish Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tange Denis Achiri ◽  
Abdulai Assan Nkuh ◽  
Divine Nsobinenyui ◽  
Dominic Kumbah Njualem
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Inorganic Nutrient ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Source ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Eigen Value

The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations of vegetative and reproductive parameters of Irish potato from different organic and inorganic nutrient sources The study was done in the west region of Cameroon, specifically in Bougham, a village in the western highlands. The seeds were sown on the 4th of May 2016. Harvesting was done in August 2016. A total area of 250m2 was cleared and prepared in to a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Each block was divided into nine ridges. Eight fertilizer treatments: inorganic (NPK 15:1515, NPK 11:11:22), organic (Pig dropping, Poultry dropping), composite (four bi-combinations of the animal and NPK-based fertilizer) and a control treatment were randomly assigned to each ridge per block. General agronomic practices were adopted from local farmers. Data were collected on vegetative and reproductive parameters. Correlation analysis was also evaluated between parameters. This was followed by principal component analysis with varimax rotation. Principal components were selected based on eigen value criteria – a component was selected if its eigen value was greater than 1. All analyses were done using PAST (ver. 3.26b) Analysis revealed significant correlations between some vegetative and reproductive parameters notably between emergence and plant height (r = 0.45, P < 0.05), emergence and plant harvested (r = 0.867, P < 0.05), and between plant cover and plant height (r = 0.546, P < 0.05). According to the eigen value criteria (eigen value > 1.0), 4 principal components were retained from organic and inorganic nutrient sources each, and 3 principal components were retained from composite nutrient source. Reproductive parameters were more aggregated in the first principal component for organic nutrient source, accounting for 35.87% of all variations while they were more aggregated in the second principal component (25.61%) from inorganic nutrient sources. From the composite nutrient source, the reproductive and vegetative parameters were almost equally distributed between the first (31.80%) and second (27.82%) principal components. In this study, that varied nutrient sources (organic. Inorganic and composite) affects Irish potato differently. Consequently, both organic and inorganic nutrient sources should be seen as synergistic and not mutually exclusive for holistic production of Irish potato.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Aplikasi Beberapa Konsentrasi Paclobutrazol dan KOH Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Ubi Kayu (Manihot Esculenta Crantz)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Prasasti Dame Aritonang ◽  
Ardian Ardian ◽  
Kukuh Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Homogeneous Data ◽  
Main Factor

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol and KOH application through leaf togrowth and production of cassava.  This study was conducted from March 2017 to October 2018 in an Integrated Field Universityof Lampung. The treatmens was arranged factorially (4 x 4) in a complete randomized block design with 4 replications be avowed as group.  The main factor were paclobutrazol consist of P1 = 0 ppm (control, no treatment), P2 = 400 ppm, P3 = 500 ppm and P4 = 600 ppm.  The second factor were KOH consist of K1 = 0% (control, no treatment), K2 =0,5%, K3 = 1% and K4 = 1,5 given a week after paclobutrazol’s application.  This study used cassava cutting varieties of kasesart.  Observation variables were plant height, number of books, number of fresh leaves, fresh weight of leaves, dry weight of leaves, fresh weight of stem, dry weight of stem, fresh weight of tubers, dry weight of tubers.  Data of each treatments were calculated its mean value and tested homogeneity.  Homogeneous data were analyzed variance and followed by the smallest real difference testat level 5%.The study’s result showed that paclobutrazol application had inhibited effect the vegetative growth of plant height, number of nodes, fresh and dry weight of stem cassava plants.  Application of KOH had a significant effect only on number of fresh leave at 13 week after planted.  The interaction of paclobutrazol and KOH treatment had a significant effect on leaf dry weight.   

Principal Component Analysis and Stability of Genotypes in French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rajasekhar Reddy ◽  
Maneesh Pandey ◽  
J. Singh ◽  
P.M. Singh ◽  
N. Rai
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Stable Yield

Background: Principal component analysis and Finlay-Wilkinson stability analysis were carried out at research farm of ICAR-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi to identify diverse french bean genotypes for green pod yield and suitable genotypes for stable yield and yield related parameters.Methods: All the 24 genotypes were laid out in randomized block design with two replications during winter, 2017 and 2018. Principal component analysis and stability analysis was done to identify the diverse and stable genotypes.Result: Eight principal components were observed and the maximum variability was concentrated in the first three principal components PC1, PC2 and PC3 which contributed to 68.61% variance. Cluster analysis from principal component scores formed three clusters with a maximum of seventeen genotypes in cluster I followed by six genotypes in cluster II and one genotype in cluster III. High heritability was observed for 10 pod weight, number of pods per cluster and number of seeds per pod and moderate heritability was observed for yield per plant. Finlay-Wilkinson stability analysis identified the stable genotypes viz., FMGCV 1378, FMGCV 0958, Arka Suvidha, Valentino, Banoa and VRFBB-14-2 for green pod yield per plant, Cartagenta for pod length (cm) and Paulista, Slender Pack, Arka Suvidha, Valentino, FMGCV 0958, Banoa, FORC 6V 1136, VRFBB-14-1, VRFBB-14-2 for number of pods per plant.

scholarly journals Distribución espacial y temporal en el policultivo yuca- frijol: uso equivalente de la tierra.

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Adrián Hernández ◽  
René Ramos ◽  
Jesús Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Compacted Soil ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Research Institute

Astudy was carried out during 1993-1995 at the Liliana Dimitrova Horticultural Research Institute in La Habana, Cuba in order to evaluate the efficiency of cassava-bean intercropping (Manihot esculenta Crantz-Phaseolus vulgaris), and to determine the most adequate topological arrangement. The research was performed on red ferrous compacted soil. 1.4-m beds, and a randomized block design with four repetitions were used. Nine treatments were tested at three different planting times and with three different spatial distributions; control monocrops were also studied. The best topological arrangement for cassava was when it was planted at the bed center (28.3 t/ha), and beans were sowed twenty days later on both sides of the cassava. Beans also showed their best yield (1.53 t/ha) under this condition. A land use equivalent (LUE) of 1.01 – 1.85 was obtained when calculating all the combinations together.

scholarly journals Research on Economic Periodicity Based on Principal Component-Weighted Distance and Clustering Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Jiayi Yan ◽  
Qian Pu ◽  
Junfei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Weighted Distance

Based on the knowledge of economics, this paper selects 22 macroeconomic indicators that best reflect the overall economic situation of the United States. After differential, logarithmic and exponential preprocessing of the original data, this paper, based on the power spectral analysis model, adaptively identifies the periodicity of the selected economic indicators, and visualize the results. As a result, it screens out 11 indicators with obvious periodicity. In the process of solving the weighted distance based on principal component analysis, correlation test is first conducted on the selected 11 single indicators of periodicity to obtain Pearson correlation heatmap. Then, the principal components are extracted by selecting the first five principal components as the virtual indicators to represent the monthly economic situation, and calculating the weighted distance value between months for visualization. Finally, we select the results of 36 months’ smoothing for analysis, figure out the time intervals with similar economic situation, and verify the conjecture of economic periodicity. Finally, based on K-MEAN clustering analysis, the economic conditions of 352 months are classified into 3 clusters by using the weighted distance after 36 months’ smoothing. From the visualized results, it is found that there are two complete cycles, i.e. red-yellow-blue and red-yellow-blue, which is consistent with the conclusion of principal component analysis model, and proves the existence of economic cycle again. In conclusion, based on the above PCA weighted distance and clustering analysis, it can be concluded that the economic period is around 176 months, in favor of medium long periodicity theory.

scholarly journals Genotypes by environment effect on flowering and seed set in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz in Uganda

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Lado Aquilino ◽  
A. Pariyo ◽  
Y. Baguma ◽  
R. Edema ◽  
P. Gibson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Main Effect

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production has been constrained by biotic and abiotic factors, which could be solved by conventional breeding. However, cassava hybridization is difficult because many genotypes do not flower or set seeds and yet cassava sexual reproduction is essential for breeding programs. Consequently, this study was undertaken to identify agro ecologies in Uganda that best promote cassava flowering and seed set in order to facilitate breeding. Field evaluation of eight genotypes in randomized complete block design with three replications at three agro-ecologies of Uganda for two cropping seasons was conducted. Weather data were monitored and cassava flowering/seed set-related traits were collected at one-month interval commencing from 1.5 Months after planting. Results indicated that varieties previously categorized as high flowering and seed set performed differently than those identified as poor flowering and seed set, although with varying genotypic differences in each environment. Genotypes mean performances, additive main effect and multiplicative interaction and genotype main effect and genotype by environment interaction bi-plots model’ results indicated Rwebitaba in Western savannah grassland agro-ecology and Namulonge-NaCRRI in Lake Victoria Crescent agro-ecology as the most favorable environments for the performance of all the evaluated traits, and season one as the most favorable season. However, the most stable environment for all the evaluated traits was Abi-ZARDI. Conclusively, the high proportion of variation which occurred between genotypes and environments was explained by the genotypic variances. Dry months had poorer cassava flower initiation and development than wet months of the cropping season. Therefore, Abi-ZARDI in North-western savannah grassland agro-ecology and season one could be recommended for the establishment and timing of cassava breeding nursery.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variability in Some Morpho-Physiological Traits in Different Environments and Their Relationship with Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Root Yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Joseph Adjebeng-Danquah ◽  
Isaac Kwadwo Asante ◽  
Joseph Manu-Aduening ◽  
Richard Yaw Agyare ◽  
Vernon Edward Gracen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Disease ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Cassava root yield under diverse environments is influenced by morpho-physiological traits that are in turn influenced by genotype, environment, and genotype × environment interaction (GEI). Most GEI analyses in cassava have been limited to root yield with less emphasis on stability of other yield-related traits. This study was carried out to assess the effect of GEI on some morpho-physiological traits in cassava and key traits that are useful for selection in different environments. The study utilized 20 cassava genotypes evaluated in six environments, namely, Fumesua 2013 and 2014, Nyankpala 2013 and 2014 (irrigation), and Nyankpala 2013 and 2014 (no irrigation). The genotypes were arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and assessed for a number of morpho-physiological traits, root yield and yield components. The data were subjected to analysis of variance using SAS statistical package. Subsequently, the GGE biplot was used to carry out genotype × environment, genotype × trait, and environment × trait interaction analyses to determine the specificity of genotypic performance and traits linked to particular environments. The results indicated significant (P<0.05) GEI effect on all traits except leaf temperature. The genotype × trait biplot analysis revealed closely related traits and those associated with root yield and genotypes that show weakness in these traits. Both environment × trait biplot and principal component analyses identified traits with higher discriminatory power among genotypes in various environments particularly in the dry environments. These can be used as secondary traits to select drought-tolerant genotypes. From this study, the GGE biplot was useful in identifying traits associated with specific genotypes in different environments to aid in selection. Moderate broad-sense heritability estimates werefound for storage root yield, harvest index, plant height, ratio of storage rootlength to girth, and cassava mosaic disease score indicating that progresscan be made through selection for these traits.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SEASON ON AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF SOME MUTANT COWPEA LINES

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
J. B.O. PORBENI ◽  
B. M. OLAOLORUN ◽  
O. O. SANSA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rain Season ◽  
Flower Form ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Season Interaction

A field experiment aimed at determination of influence of season on the yield potential of some cowpeas lines was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria located on Latitude 7012' N and longitude 3020' E during the late rain season (August- November 2013) and early rain season (April- July, 2014). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Qualitative and quantitative data such as stem petiole pigmentation, leaf colour, flower form and colour, dry pod colour, seed coat texture, plant height, number of days to flower and first ripe pod, pod length , total number of pods/plant , total number of seeds/plant, 100-seeds weight were taken. Combined analysis of variance to determine line x season interaction, while SASTM 9.1, (2000) version statistical package was used to separate the means, Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the inter-character relationships among the traits. Major characters causing variation within the population was calculated using Principal component analysis (PCA). Most of the cowpea lines were non-pigmented and papillinaeous, except Rosa-1 and 2 that showed rosaceous flower form. Cowpea lines such as Rosa-2, IF-Br-Y-2 and IB-Cyt.Y had yellow foliage, while the flower colour ranged from solid purple and white to white petal with purple wings. Line x season interaction revealed a high level of significance for most of the traits studied. Means of the cowpea lines’ traits were significantly different from one another. Pod length was highly correlated with number of seed per pod, pod per plant and 100 seed weight (r = 0.63, 0.45 and 0.66) respectively, while plant height had a negative and highly significant correlation with days to flowering (r = -0.58) and days to fruiting (r = -0.60).

scholarly journals Identification of Morphology and Quality Character Determinant of Local Cassava [Manihot esculenta Crantz] Germplasm from West Sumatra

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmala F. Devy ◽  
Abd. Aziz Syarif ◽  
Aryawaita Aryawaita
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Tuber Quality ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Tuber Color

<p>Local germplasm of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) have an economic potential important for West Sumatra community. The local cassava has high morphological diversity. To distinguish different type of cassava, identification of morphology and tuber quality were required. The objective of this research was to identify morphology and tuber quality determinant characters of West Sumatra local Cassava. An analysis was performed on ten local cassava originated from four districts of West Sumatra and three other released varieties. Morphological characterization was performed based on International<br />Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) standard descriptors, whereas physical and chemical analyses were carried out in the Agricultural Product Technology Laboratory at University of Andalas, Padang. The research was conducted at Sukarami Experimental Station, Solok Regency in March 2015–February 2016. Morphological characters and data quality were first analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA analysis resulted 4 major component axes contributing to a total diversity of 78, 83, and 81.3% on plant morphology, tuber quality, and morphology and tuber color, respectively. Based on those<br />diversities, the thirteen varieties of cassava could be grouped into six clusters. Special characters that distinguishing between groups was the number of lobes, leaf stem length, shoot color, and leaf width. Meanwhile, based on its chemical content and morphology of tubers, the cassavas were grouped into five clusters, with the distinguishing characters were carbohydrate content, protein content, and tuber color. The varieties that have the highest weight of the tuber/plant were Kuning and Roti 2, with a production of 203–380% higher than the released varieties. On their tubers, varieties that had the lowest levels of HCN were Tangkai Merah-1, Dumai, and Roti 2, whereas those with starch content &gt;35% were Sanjai Padang Jariang, Jurai Merah, Kuning, Roti 2, and Hijau Pesisir Selatan. Each variety has its own specific morphological characters, tuber morphology, and chemical composition.</p>

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