scholarly journals The influence of intrusion on change characteristic of coal in Mallawa Formation of South Sulawesi Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
A Anshariah ◽  
M Imran ◽  
S Widodo ◽  
UR Irvan
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Geological Factors

Abstract Coal that is deposited in the same depositional environment, age, and formation will usually have the same characteristics. However, the influence of geological conditions in an area can cause differences in the characteristics of coal in the same formation. This study aims to analyze geological factors that can affect differences in the characteristics of coal in the same depositional environment, age and formation. The study was conducted at three different locations, namely Mallawa District, Maros Regency; Lanne District, Pangkep Regency; and Massenrengpulu Region, Bone Regency. The coal sampling method in the study area uses the channel sampling method (ply by ply) which represents the bottom, middle and top coal seams. The results of the proximate analysis of coal in the Mallawa District Maros Regency showed an average moisture content of 7.78%, an average ash content of 39.99%, volatile matter 32.85%, and fixed carbon 19.39%. While in the area of Lanne District, Pangkep Regency shows an average moisture content of 9.65%, an average ash content of 40.41%, volatile matter 33.80%, and fixed carbon 16.16%. The results of proximate analysis in the Massenrengpulu area of Pangkep Regency showed an average moisture content of 3.86%, an average ash content of 23.16%, volatile matter 35.53%, and fixed carbon 37.46%. Coal from Mallawa and Lanne District has relatively the same characteristics, while the Massenrengpulu coal has lower moisture and ash content, and higher fixed carbon caused by the intrusion of igneous rocks in the area which causes the coal maturation process to be faster than the other two regions.

scholarly journals Analysis mixed characterization of Kalimantan coal and mangrove wood charcoal character as briquette raw material

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (1) ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
R Rahman ◽  
B Azikin ◽  
D Tahir ◽  
S Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Wood Charcoal ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Ultimate Analysis ◽  
Mangrove Wood

Abstract This study using three types of coal from East Kalimantan and South Sulawesi Mangrove Wood Charcoal which consisted of various compositions. In sample analysis using analysis, namely: proximate, ultimate, and calorific value. Proximate analysis: ash content, volatile matter, moisture content, fixed carbon; ultimate analysis: carbon and sulfur content and the calorific value using the bomb calorimeter method. The results of the proximate analysis showed that the fixed carbon content was obtained in the mixture of MWC 75% + KJA 25% = 52.45%, while the lowest was obtained at IC 100% = 32.86%; The highest volatile matter was obtained at KJA 100% = 44.23%, the lowest was at MWC 75% + KJA 25% = 31.90%, the highest ash content was IC 100% = 9.14% the lowest was at MWC 75% + KJA 25% = 5.94% and the highest moisture content was seen at IC 100% = 15.17% but MWC 75% + IC 25% = 9.52%. The results of the ultimate analysis showed that the lowest sulfur content was in the mixed variation of MWC 75% + KJA 25% = 0.168%, while the highest sulfur content was obtained at IC 100% = 0.874%. However, it was still in the low sulfur category <1. The highest calorific value is obtained by varying the composition at MWC 75% + IC 25% = 5919 cal/gram, while the lowest was obtained at KJA 100% = 4913 cal/gram. So based on this research, the addition of mangrove charcoal is very good for increasing the calorific value.

scholarly journals Proximate and Ultimate Charaterization of Coal Samples from Southwestern Part of Ethiopia.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1643-1648
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Soft Coal ◽  
Analytical Assessment

This study aimed to characterize the coal in terms of proximate and ultimate analyses. The analytical assessment of properties such as volatile matter, moisture, fixed carbon, and ash content are very important to know the quality of the coal. The proximate analysis results shows that the moisture content varies from 13.4 to 22.6 wt%, the fixed carbon varies from 26.7 and 38 wt%, the ash content varies from 11.9 to 25.7 wt%, the volatile matter varies from 23.8 to 36.5iwt%. The analytical results show that the Carbon content varies from 48.60 to 70.68 wt%, Oxygen content varies from 42.29 to 57.38 wt%, the hydrogen content ranges from 4.43 to 5.28 wt%, the sulphur varies from 1.35 toi3.04 wt%, the Nitrogen content varies from 1.86 to 2.34 wt%. Proximate analysis and calorific data show that Ethiopian coal is in the soft coal series (lignite to bituminous coal) and is genetically classified as humic, sapropelic and mixed coal. The present study helps to characterize the coal type and also highlights the importance of chemical parameters in characterizing the coal besides, tracing the depositional environment and also helps to the economical evolutions of the deposit

scholarly journals Physiochemical Properties of Cotton Stalk Biomass from Aricultural Residues

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dobariya Umesh ◽  
P Sarsavadiya ◽  
Krishna Vaja ◽  
Khardiwar Mahadeo
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Residues ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Cotton Stalk ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Feed Stock ◽  
Energy Conversion Process

The study was undertaken to investigate the properties of cotton stalk fuel from the agricultural residues. The whole cotton stalk plant is converted into shredded material with the help of cotton stalk shredder. The capacity of cotton stalk shredder machine is 218 kg/h. The proximate analysis of the shredded cotton stalk in terms of bulk density 34.92 kg / m3 moisture content 13.63 %, volatile matter 74.52 %, ash content (4.95 %, fixed carbon 20.53 % and calorific value of cotton stalk biomass (3827 cal/g) respectively. were showed that agricultural residues are the most potential and their quantitative availability, Since the aim by using shredded cotton stalk as feed stock for energy conversion process of the developed gasifier.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF BINDER RATIO ON THE PHYSICAL AND COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF CARBONIZED RICE STALK BRIQUETTES

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
Rapheal Ige ◽  
Elinge Ogala ◽  
Cosmos Moki ◽  
Abdulrahman Habeeb
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Fixed Carbon Content

The selection or choice of agro-waste briquettes for domestic and industrial cottage applications depends on the fuel properties. In this study, the briquette was produced by carbonizing the rice stalk followed by crushing and sieving, the binder was prepared by dissolving the starch in hot water, then mixed with the sieved carbonized rice stalk and then the briquette was produced using the briquetting machine. Proximate analyses, viability, characteristics and combustion were determined to know the average composition of their constituents. From the results obtained it was observed that ash content, moisture content, after glow and ignition propagation decrease as the binder ratio increase while fixed carbon content, volatile matter, calorific value, density and compressive strength increase. The results of this work indicate that briquettes produced using high concentration of the binder would make good biomass fuels. However, it has a high moisture content of 25.00%, high ash content of 23.00%, moderate volatile matter of 44.80%, low fixed carbon content of 32.20%, moderate calorific value of 13.86 MJ/Kg and high density of 0.643g/cm3. The results obtained for all the parameters showed that rice stalks briquettes produced with high concentration of the binder (starch) had a better performance based on their combustion profile.

scholarly journals Study of Some Wood-charcoal Characters Produced from Some Tree Species of Duhok Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Dilgash Fayeq Yaseen ◽  
Mohammed Amin Yasin Taha ◽  
Hasan Saleem Nabi ◽  
Abdulaziz Jameel Younis
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Wood Charcoal ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Salix Alba

This investigation was done in the laboratory of college of agricultural engineering sciences – University of Duhok to study some wood-charcoal quality produced from some local wood species in Kurdistan region Iraq. In market, the quality of wood charcoal produced from tree species is varied due to divers’ anatomical structure and carbonizing temperature process. As a consequence, understanding the factors controlling the quality of wood charcoal is an important issue for both producers (sellers) and consumers (buyers). In most charcoal factories, wood charcoal are produced without determining of their quality whereas each quality of wood charcoal has its own properties, price and uses. The quality of charcoal made from some selected local wood species (Quercus aegilops, Salix alba, Malus domestica, and Populus alba) were evaluated. The woods species were collected from Zaxo district of Duhok province and were transformed into wood-charcoal using a steel kiln for pyrolysis. The analysis of physical and chemicals such moisture content percentage [MCP] , volatile matter percentage [VMP] , ash content percentage [ACP] and fixed carbon percentage [FCP], of the produced wood-charcoal were proximately resolved using the (ASTM D3176 – 15) method. The results showed, for the first time on all around the Kurdistan region of Iraq, the quality of wood charcoal produced from these wood species. The highest value off moisture content (2.375%) was with Malus domisteca as compared with Populus alba which was (1.000%), highest volatile matter (21.125%) was with Quercus aegilpops compared with Populus alba (4.125%), high ash content recorded (4.875%) with Quercus aegilpops compared with Salix alba (2.250%) and the fixed carbon was greater value in Populus alba which was (92.125%) compared with Quercus aegilpops (72.875%). In addition, these species present significant divergence in term of good quality of wood charcoal and the (populous alba) gave the superior quality of wood charcoal from the rest wood species. Therefore, the results of this study have a high assessment for managers of Kurdistan governmental and private charcoal factories as a suggestion which wood species is suitable in order to achieve better quality of wood charcoal.

scholarly journals The Characteristics of Bamboo Charcoal Derived from Bambusa vulgaris Schrad and Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Muhl Growing in Different Types of Habitats

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ratri Yuli Lestari, M.Env. ◽  
Dwi Harsono ◽  
Nazarni Rahmi
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Arundinaria Gigantea ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Altitudes

Altitude is one of the factors that affect the growth of bamboo. Bamboo species used in this study was Bambusa vulgaris and Arundinaria gigantea. The objectives of this study are to investigate the effect of altitude to the characteristics of bamboo charcoal harvested from three different altitudes (Lumpangi, Banjarbaru/Martapura, Marabahan). Parameters tested in this study were moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value. The result showed that altitute significantly affected the characteristics of bamboo charcoal. Bamboo charcoal from Banjarbaru/Martapura had the best characteristics than the charcoal produced from other locations. The moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value of B. vulgaris were 0.77 %; 3.49 %; 8.63 %; 87.11 % and 7,331.05 kal/g. The moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, fixed carbon and calorific value of A. gigantea were 0.19 %; 12.46 %; 4.48 %; 87.11 % and 6,640.69 kal/g, respectively.

scholarly journals Torrefaction of Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) Fruit Bunch Biomass

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.A Ola ◽  
F.A Jimoh ◽  
I.T Okeyode ◽  
D.A Ogunsola
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Solid Product

This study presents the effects of torrefaction conditions on the characteristics of the solid torrefied product from plantain fruit bunch biomass consisting of plantain fruit peel and peduncle. The torrefaction experiment was conducted on biomass samples diced into 5 – 10 mm sizes using a torrefaction device which includes a gallencamb electric furnace and metal can reactors. The biomass samples were torrefied at temperatures ranging from 200 to 300 °C and residence periods from 1to 3 hr without the application of inert gas. Visual images of the raw and torrefied products were observed and analyzed in terms of their solid yields and then characterized (moisture content, fixed carbon, volatile matter and ash content) at two torrefaction temperatures using the standard methods of analysis of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Visual image observation indicates that surface color of the torrefied products changes with increasing torrefaction conditions. Torrefied solid product yield decreases with an increase in the torrefaction conditions and the plantain peel had higher yield than the peduncle. Torrefied peel product at 200 and 250 °C had higher moisture content (13.2, 11.3 %) and fixed carbon content (18.0, 14.4 %), while torrefied peduncle product had higher volatile matter (61.2, 62.3 %) and ash content (21.1, 22.5 %), respectively.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of activated carbon from groundnut and egg shells as viable precursors for adsorption

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1707-1713
Author(s):  
O.O.E. Onawumi ◽  
A.A. Sangoremi ◽  
O.S. Bello
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Groundnut Shell

This study was carried out to prepare groundnut shell (GS) and eggshell (ES) into activated carbon (AC) and characterize the AC using Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) and American Standard for Testing and Materials (ASTM) methods. The AC produced was characterized for: pH, moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, fixed carbon, bulk density and surface area. Surface functional groups and surface morphology were also determined using Fourier Transformed Infrared (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) respectively. The ranges of the following results were achieved for the biomasses: Groundnut shell Activated Carbon (GSAC) and Eggshell Activated Carbon (ESAC) respectively: pH (6.80±0.101−7.80±0.011); moisture content (14.10±0.101−12.90±.110%); volatile matter (9.20±0.112−9.90±0.012%); ash content (8.98±0.111−5.80±0.111%); fixed carbon (67.70±0.010−71.40±110%); bulk density (370.00±0.000−380.00−0.000 g/L); surface area (880.00±0.100−800.00±0.000 m2/g). The agro-wastes have high carbon contents and low inorganic which make them viable adsorbents. FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of oxygen surface complexes such as carbonyls and OH groups on the surface of the ACs in addition to good pore structures from SEM studies revealed that the agro-wastes could be good precursors for ACs production. The overall results showed that the AC produced from the agro-wastes can be optimally used as good and effective adsorbents, thereby ensuring cheaper, readily available and affordable ACs for the treatment of effluent, waste water and used oils.

scholarly journals Hasil Pengujian Proksimasi Dan Gas Buang Pada Briket Campuran Limbah Serutan Kayu, Sekam Padi Dan Bulu Ayam

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Muhamad Rizky Adipratama ◽  
Reza Setiawan ◽  
Najmudin Fauji
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Wood Shavings

Biomass energy is one that can be used as an alternative energy as a substitute for fossil fuels and can also be useful for reducing environmental pollution due to increasing waste or waste. The manufacture of briquettes from chicken feather waste, wood shavings and rice husk waste aims to help deal with the problem of waste and use it as an alternative fuel. The making of briquettes is carried out by the process of drying the ingredients, charcoal, milling, sieving, kneading, printing, drying, proximate testing and measuring emissions on the briquettes. In this study, the composition of a mixture of chicken feathers (30%, 40%, 50%), wood shavings and rice husk (35%, 30%, 25%) was treated as well as particle sizes of 30 mesh and 60 mesh. The results of this study indicate that the lowest moisture content is in sample B2 of 4.5%. The lowest levels of volatile matters were in sample A1 of 37.4%. The lowest ash content was found in sample B3 at 10.8%. The highest fixed carbon was found in sample A3 at 45.1%. The highest calorific value (Gross Calorific Value) is found in the B3 sample of 5594 Kcal / Kg. And it has the highest CO, CO2, and HC emissions produced from the briquettes, namely 0.24%, 0.8%, 46 ppm. The properties of briquettes that have met SNI standards are moisture content, calorific value (except for sample A1), and the resulting emissions. And those that have not met SNI standards are the levels of volatile matter, ash content and fixed carbon. The resulting briquette can be used because the calorific value obtained is quiet high, which is above the specified standard of ≥ 5000 Kcal/Kg.

Fuel Briquettes from Sisal Waste in Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 168-171
Author(s):  
Udomdeja Polyium ◽  
Amornrat Pigoolthong
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The research aims to develop fuel briquettes from sisal waste material mixed with bagasse. Sisal wastes were collected from Hub Kapong Royal Project Phetchaburi Province Thailand. These material were mixed according to the ratios of 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 respectively. Characterization of physical and chemical properties of fuel briquettes were determined by percentage moisture content, percentage ash content, percentage volatile matter, percentage fixed carbon, and calorific value with the standard number ASTM 3173, ASTM D 3175, ASTM D 3174, ASTM D 3177 and ASTM D 3286 respectively. The results show that percentage moisture content values of 9.98 - 18.14, percentage volatile matter values of 42.59 - 68.04, percentage ash content values of 16.05 -25.41, percentage fixed carbon values of 5.93 - 13.86 and calorific values of 1,820.52 - 2,485.19 kcal/kg. Fuel briquettes to be used as a fuel substitute for firewood and charcoal.

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