scholarly journals Flowering phenology and fruit formation of Capparis micracantha in the Bogor Botanic Gardens

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
I P Astuti ◽  
Z Mutaqien ◽  
F Damayanti ◽  
S Normasiwi ◽  
A H Rozak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Interesting Phenomenon ◽  
Mutualistic Symbiosis ◽  
Development Period ◽  
Fruit Formation

Abstract Capparis micracantha is a Capparaceae family member. Generally, studies on the phenology of this species have not been widely reported. Current research focuses on the chemical composition and its potential as a medicinal plant. Additionally, another interesting phenomenon of C. micracantha is the presence of black ants. This study aims to ascertain the development of flower and fruit formation, as well as the ant-C. micracantha symbiosis. The observation was conducted from January 2017 until January 2020, twice a week at 08.00, 11.00 a.m, and 02.00 p.m., including the development of the branch, leaves, flowers, and fruit. The results indicated that C. micracantha is a shrub with beautiful flowers, both perfect and imperfect flowers. The number of imperfect flowers is approximately 80% greater than the number of perfect flowers. The fruit is round, green when immature, and red fully mature. The development period from bud into ripe fruit was between 90 and 100 days. February-April, June-August, and October-December are the fruiting seasons. The black ants coexist with this plant in a mutualistic symbiosis.

scholarly journals Influence of irrigation and row spacing on the growth, seed yield and active substance of milk thistle (Silybum marianum)

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Karimzedah ◽  
R. Omidbaigi ◽  
Bakhshai D.
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Suitable Amount ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Active Substances

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) has been used in medicine since ancient times, but it has been cultivated as a medicinal plant only in recent decades. The ripe fruit of milk thistle contains flavonoids, which are used to prepare anti-hepatotoxic drugs. The main purpose of this study was to substantiate the effects of irrigation and row spacing on growth, seed yield and the content of active substances (silybin and silymarin) in milk thistle. The results showed that the suitable amount of irrigation was 20 mm and the appropriate row spacing was 25 cm.  

scholarly journals Nutritive value of tomatillo fruit (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Ostrzycka ◽  
Marcin Horbowicz ◽  
Włodzimierz Dobrzański ◽  
Leszek S. Jankiewicz ◽  
Jan Borkowski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
The Given

Tomatillo is widely cultivated in Mexico but is little known in other countries. The chemical composition of fruit from field grown plants was investigated during several vegetative seasons. Tomatillo contained a relatively high percentage of dry matter (7-10%) and extract (6.6-7.4%). Its potassium content was lower than that of tomato growing in the same conditions. The content of iron was higher, and that of other elements was comparable, depending on the conditions during the given year. The total sugar content amounted to 2.8-5.7%, depending on the selected population. The percentage of glucose and fructose decreased during ripening and that of saccharose increased. The content of pectic substances was similar as in tomato but the proportions of particular fractions was different. Tomatillo contained more acids than tomato, and showed an especially high citric and malic acid content. The latter decreased drastically during ripening. The content of oxalic acid was 11-18 mg 100 g<sup>-1</sup> in ripe fruit and up to 54 mg in unripe. The vitamin C content depended on the selected population and amounted to 8-21 mg 100 g<sup>-1</sup>, dehydroascorbic acid prevailing. The content of vitamin PP was 0.8-1.3 mg 100 g<sup>-1</sup>.

scholarly journals Seasonal Phytochemical Variation and Antifungal Evaluation of Different Parts of Epidendrum Mosenii

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300
Author(s):  
Patrícia Walter Rosa ◽  
Marina Da Silva Machado ◽  
Rivaldo Niero ◽  
Susana Zacchino ◽  
Maria De Los Ángeles Gette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Phytochemical Variation ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Microbiological Properties

Epidendrum mosenii is a Brazilian medicinal plant, traditionally used to treat infections and pains. This study reports on the chemical composition and microbiological properties of different parts and in different seasons of this plant. Results demonstrate that 4,3′,5′-trihydroxy-3-methoxy-dihydrostilbene (1), 4,5-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-dihydrostilbene (2) and pholidotin (3) were mainly present in the roots in all seasons, and the yield of mass extract increased their recovery in other parts, such as the stem and leaves for compounds (2) and (3), in summer and winter, respectively. The antifungal results indicate that compounds (1) and (2) have interesting activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, Microsporum gypseum, Trychophyton rubrum and Trychophyton mentagrophytes with MIC values between 62.5 and 125 μg/mL. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the antifungal properties of E. mosenii are related, at least in part, to the presence of dihydrostilbenes 1 and 2, and this is useful for quality control of phytopreparations based on this plant, justifying the popular use of this plant to treat infections.

scholarly journals Bioactive Phytochemicals from Mercurialis spp. Used in Traditional Spanish Medicine

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Blanco-Salas ◽  
Vazquez ◽  
Hortigón-Vinagre ◽  
Ruiz-Tellez
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bioactive Phytochemicals ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Antihypertensive Properties

Plants from the genus Mercurialis have a long history of use as herbal remedies in traditional Spanish medicine. The growing interest in the conservation of knowledge related to biodiversity has encouraged us to review the bioactive phytochemicals from the four most widespread Mercurialis species in the Iberian Peninsula (M. annua L., M. ambigua L., M. perennis L., and M. tomentosa L.). First, the medicinal uses of these four species throughout Spain were compiled, and then a bibliographical search on their chemical composition was conducted in an attempt to justify their reported traditional uses. We found that most of the medicinal uses of Mercurialis spp. are supported by scientific evidence. This includes its antidiabetic and antihypertensive properties attributable to the flavonoid rutin and narcissin, respectively; its benefits in the treatment of skin dark spots, attributable to mequinol; and its anti-inflammatory activity, attributable to scopoletin, kaempferol, squalene, and cycloartenol. This review contributes to the validation of the medicinal uses of Mercurialis spp. in Spain and provides some new avenues for further investigations on the biological activity of this interesting medicinal plant.

scholarly journals Icacina trichantha, A Tropical Medicinal Plant

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Chun-Tao Che ◽  
Ming Zhao ◽  
Brian Guo ◽  
Michael M. Onakpa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Pharmacological Activities

This is a review on the pharmacological properties and chemical composition of Icacina trichantha (Icacinaceae), a food and medicinal plant native to West Africa. The tuber is a good source of nutrients such as starch; it also exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities in animal models. Chemical analysis has revealed the presence of a series of unusual pimarane-type diterpenes.

scholarly journals Macronutrient Omission Changes Lippia gracilis Schauer, a Threatened Medicinal Plant, Growth and Volatile Chemical Composition

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1877-1882
Author(s):  
Brígida Resende Almeida ◽  
Suzan Kelly Vilela Bertolucci ◽  
Alexandre Alves de Carvalho ◽  
Heitor Luiz Heiderich Roza ◽  
Felipe Campos Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Complete Solution ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Threatened Medicinal Plant ◽  
Element Technique ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

The effect of macronutrient omission on the growth and volatile chemical composition of Lippia gracilis was evaluated. The “minus one element” technique was employed by using a complete (Hoagland and Arnon, 1950) nutrient solution and solutions with macronutrient omission for N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S. Macronutrient deficiency significantly influenced L. gracilis growth and volatile chemical composition. Leaf dry weight decreased in order of importance of the macronutrients as follows: Ca = K = N > P > Mg > S. The amount and composition of volatile compounds varied according to macronutrient omission. The major constituents were characterized by p-cymene (ranging from not detected to 43.41%), thymol (3.86% to 7.95%), carvacrol (44.09% to 76.69%), and caryophyllene (0.52% to 6.00%), the contents of which were dependent on the omitted macronutrient. Lack of Ca, Mg, and S increased the contents of cymene and decreased the thymol and carvacrol compared with control. Complete solution and N, P, and K omission retained the same thymol and carvacrol content. In summary, macronutrient availability effectively controlled plant growth and volatile chemical composition of L. gracilis.

Note: The effect of Ethephon on the colour, composition and quality of mango (Mangifera indica, cv Kent) / Nota: Efecto del Ethephon sobre el color, la composición y la calidad del mango (Mangifera indica cv Kent)

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Centurión Yah ◽  
S.A. González Novelo ◽  
J.A. Tamayo Cortés ◽  
J.J. Argumedo ◽  
E. Sauri Duch
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
General Acceptance

Mango cv Kent, as grown on the Yucatan Peninsula, despite its satisfactory ripening, pleasant flavour, correct pulp colour and general acceptance, shows a skin without the characteristic red- yellow colour of the regular ripe fruit; it remains green and this makes it slightly unattractive to the consumer. On the other hand, ethylene and some other components such as Ethephon, have been used to homogenize the ripening in many fruits and to improve its colour. This work shows the results of the effect of nine different treatments with Ethephon on the colour, composition and quality of mango cv Kent. Fruit was treated by immersion in solutions of Ethephon at three different concentrations (500, 1500 and 2000 ppm) and for three different lengths of times (3, 6 and 9 min). The colour improvement depended upon the concentration and time of the treatment with Ethephon. In general, it was found that treatment with Ethephon had a significantly posi tive effect on the colour of the mango skin, as it caused the degradation of chlorophyll, which gave the appearance of the characteristic yellow and red colours to 100% of the fruit treated with 2500 ppm. Treatments influenced significantly the chemical composition of the pulp, particularly the concentration of total soluble solids, reducing sugars, carotenoids, vitamin C and acidity. The best sensorial acceptance was obtained from treatments with 1500 ppm.

Phytochemical and Antiulcerogenic Properties of Rhizomes from Simaba ferruginea St. Hill. (Simaroubaceae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 701-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Floriani Noldin ◽  
Domingos Tabajara de Oliveira Martins ◽  
César Marcos Marcello ◽  
Joaquim Corsino da Silva Lima ◽  
Franco Delle Monache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Gastric Lesion ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Plant Bioassay ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Alkaloid Fraction

Abstract Simaba ferruginea (Simaroubaceae) is a Brazilian medicinal plant used in traditional medicine to treat several ailments, including gastric ulcers, fever, diarrhea, and dolorous and inflammatory processes. This study examines the chemical composition and antiulcerogenic effects of rhizomes from this plant. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two bioactive indole alkaloids called canthin-6-one (1) and 4-methoxycanthin-6-one (2). The alkaloid fraction and both alkaloids demonstrated potent antiulcerogenic effects when evaluated in gastric lesion-induced animals, as well as significant antinociceptive activity in mice. These results confirm and justify the popular use of S. ferruginea against gastric ulcers and dolorous processes.

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