scholarly journals Identification of feeding pattern and their impact on milk fatty acid profiles from traditional dairy cows in Pangalengan Sub-district

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
D Anzhany ◽  
Despal ◽  
T Toharmat ◽  
N Rofiah ◽  
N Nuraina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Feeding Systems

Abstract Fatty acids (FA) profiles especially conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) are commonly used to distinguish milk quality. However, its content is very sensitive and tends to change with a different type of feed. The study aims to identify the relationship between the feeding system and milk FA profile in the Pangalengan sub-district. The feeding system and milk FA profiles were studied using two-step post observatory research. Step one, milk was collected from 27 traditional-dairy farms using purposive random sampling and compare with a large-scale farm. The result shows that FA profiles vary greatly among traditional-farms especially for long-chain FA (LCFA) which was found in small concentrations. CLA content was also found higher in traditional-farms. Step two, five traditional-farms with the highest CLA milk content were observed for their feeding systems. Parameter observed including cow’s specification, feed type used, and feed intake. The best ration produced high milk CLA and production was the ration consisted of 38 % high-quality forages and 62 % commercial concentrate. Thus, it can be concluded that milk from traditional farms was better than milk from large-scale farms. The best milk CLA was produced with a combination of 38 % high-quality forages and 62 % commercial concentrate.

Reproduction, mastitis, and body condition scores among spring and fall calving dairy cows in pasture or confinement feeding systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-510
Author(s):  
S. P. Washburn ◽  
S. L. White ◽  
J. T. Green ◽  
G. A. Benson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Fall Calving ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Feeding Systems ◽  
Body Condition Scores

AbstractDairy cows in confinement and pasture-based feeding systems were compared across 4 spring-calving and 3 fall-calving replicates for differences in reproduction, mastitis, and body condition scores. Each feeding system and replicate included both Jersey and Holstein cows. Cows in confinement were fed a total mixed ration with maize silage as the base forage along with a variety of concentrates. Cows on pasture were routinely supplemented with concentrates and were provided baled grass and/or legume silage when pastures were limiting. Breeding periods were for 75 days in spring or fall. Reproductive performance did not differ significantly due to feeding system but Jerseys had higher conception rates (59.6 vs. 49.5%) and overall pregnancy rates (78.0 vs. 57.9%) than Holsteins. Cows in confinement had significantly higher rates of clinical mastitis and culling for mastitis than cows on pasture. Within both feeding systems, Jerseys had less mastitis than Holsteins. Average body condition scores were higher for confinement cows than pasture cows except for one replicate. Jerseys maintained higher average body condition scores than Holsteins in all but one replicate. In summary, pastured cows produced less milk and had less mastitis but lower body condition scores than confinement cows. Holsteins produced more milk but were less likely to rebreed, had more mastitis, higher culling rates, and maintained lower body condition scores than Jerseys.

Effect of silage feeding system and concentrate composition on the performance of lactating dairy cows.

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
R.H. Phipps ◽  
J.D. Sutton ◽  
R.F. Weller
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Major Energy Source ◽  
Frequent Feeding ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Present Trial

The “low milk fat” syndrome and “off feed” problems have long been associated with the use of rations incorporting a high proportion of starch based concentrate. These problems can be ameliorated by frequent feeding of concentrate, the use of out of parlour feeders or complete diets. Another approach has been to examine alternatives to cereal starch as the major energy source for concentrate supplements. Since few comparisons of concentrates containing a mixture of high quality fibre sources have been reported, the present trial was designed to compare concentrates based on cereal starch with those containing a mixture of high quality fibre sources when given with ad libitum grass silage from calving. An additional aim was to compare individual feeding through Calan Broadbent gates with groups fed forage at a self-feed clamp.

Effect of climate variability on pasture-based dairy feeding systems in south-east Australia

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şeyda Özkan ◽  
Julian Hill ◽  
Brendan Cullen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Feeding Systems

The Australian dairy industry relies primarily on pasture for its feed supply. However, the variability in climate affects plant growth, leading to uncertainty in dryland pasture supply. This paper models the impact of climate variability on pasture production and examines the potential of two pasture-based dairy feeding systems: (1) to experience winter deficits; (2) to carry forward the conserved pasture surpluses as silage for future use; and (3) to conserve pasture surpluses as hay. The two dairy feeding systems examined were a traditional perennial ryegrass-based feeding system (ryegrass max. – RM) and a system that incorporated double cropping into the perennial ryegrass pasture base (complementary forage – CF). The conditional probability of the RM and CF systems to generate pasture deficits in winter were 94% and 96%, respectively. Both systems could carry forward the surplus silage into the following lactation almost once in every 4–5 years with the RM system performing slightly better than the CF system. The proportions of the grain-based concentrates fed in the two systems were 25% and 27% for the RM and CF systems, respectively. This study suggests that double-cropping systems have the potential to provide high-quality feed to support the feed gaps when pasture is not available due to increased variability in climatic conditions.

The influence of cow genetic merit for milk production on response to level of concentrate supplementation in a grass-based system

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kennedy ◽  
P. Dillon ◽  
P. Faverdin ◽  
L. Delaby ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Feeding Systems

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate if there is a genotype ✕ feeding system interaction for milk production in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. For this purpose, 48 high genetic merit (HM) and 48 medium genetic merit (MM) dairy cows, were used in a two (genotypes) ✕ three (levels of concentrate feeding) randomized-block design experiment in three consecutive years. In year 1, all animals were in their first lactation, while in year 2 and year 3, 18 and 12 first lactation cows replaced animals culled at the end of the previous lactation. A total of 66 cows remained in the study in the same feeding system for the 3-year duration of the study. Concentrate feeding levels were 376, 810 and 1540 kg per cow per lactation; these were identified as the LC, MC and HC feeding systems respectively. There was a separate farmlet for each feeding system; farmlets were managed so that pre-grazing and post-grazing herbage height were similar for all three feeding systems. When compared on treatment means there was a significant genotype ✕ feeding system interaction for fat yield, while for mean solid-corrected milk yield the interaction was close to statistical significance (P = 0·07). However, regression coefficients of both milk and protein yield on pedigree index for milk and protein yield were significantly different between the LC and the HC. The interaction between feeding system and the regression of both on pre-experimental milk and protein yield were close to statistical significance (P = 0·08 and P = 0·09 respectively). Outputs of milk, fat, protein and lactose were greater for the HM than the MM cows. Feeding system had a significant effect on milk, fat, protein and lactose yields. There was a significant genotype ✕ feeding system interaction for body condition score (BCS) at the end of lactation; the MM cows had a higher rate of body tissue repletion than the HM cows especially in the HC system. The results suggest that there is a genotype ✕ concentrate feeding level interaction and that feeding systems developed in the past for animals of lower genetic merit may require adaptation if they are to be optimal for higher genetic merit animals.

The effect of protein content of the supplement on the response to level of supplementation with dairy cattle offered grass silage ad libitum

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 43-43
Author(s):  
C. S. Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Four Levels

Previous studies at this Institute have shown that there is an interaction between level of supplementary feeding and protein content in the supplement. For example, a given milk yield can be obtained by offering supplements of high crude protein content at much lower levels than would be required with conventional supplements. Furthermore, this approach enables a greater reliance on the forage component of the diet, particularly where high quality grass silage is available. The objective of the present large scale study was to determine milk production responses to supplements of differing protein content, given with high quality grass silage, and to examine effects on ration digestibility.The experiment was carried out over a two year period, with a total of 168 autumn-calving British Friesian dairy cows. Supplements containing either 100, 220, 340 or 460 g crude protein (CP)/kg fresh weight were offered from day 14 of lactation. Each supplement was offered at four levels, with 9 animals per treatment.

scholarly journals Local dependency in networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Kudĕlka ◽  
Šárka Zehnalová ◽  
Zdenĕk Horák ◽  
Pavel Krömer ◽  
Václav Snášel
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Effectiveness ◽  
Local Dependency ◽  
Node Ranking ◽  
Large Scale Networks ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Entire Network

Abstract Many real world data and processes have a network structure and can usefully be represented as graphs. Network analysis focuses on the relations among the nodes exploring the properties of each network. We introduce a method for measuring the strength of the relationship between two nodes of a network and for their ranking. This method is applicable to all kinds of networks, including directed and weighted networks. The approach extracts dependency relations among the network’s nodes from the structure in local surroundings of individual nodes. For the tasks we deal with in this article, the key technical parameter is locality. Since only the surroundings of the examined nodes are used in computations, there is no need to analyze the entire network. This allows the application of our approach in the area of large-scale networks. We present several experiments using small networks as well as large-scale artificial and real world networks. The results of the experiments show high effectiveness due to the locality of our approach and also high quality node ranking comparable to PageRank.

Grouping and complete diet composition in relation to parity and potential yield in dairy cows

1987 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Kroll ◽  
J. B. Owen ◽  
C. J. Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Medium Energy ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Uniform Treatment ◽  
Feeding Systems

SummaryThree experiments, involving a total of 294 Israeli Holstein cows, were carried out to study aspects of the grouping of cows in relation to timing of changes and the type of complete diet given. In Expt 1, 40 cows were changed from a high energy diet to a medium energy diet either at 60 or at 180 days post calving. The results indicated a larger reduction in milk and FCM yield following the later than the earlier change of diet.Experiment 2 involved 64 cows subjected to two treatments, one involving a ‘uniform’ diet (25:75 forage to concentrate D.M. ratio) and the other a ‘step’ treatment where the same diet as in treatment 1 was given for approximately 74 days and then changed to a diet of 35:65 forage to concentrate ratio. The results showed that it is not necessary to adopt different feeding systems according to the potential yield of the cow and that cows could be given rather lower energy diets within the range offered without loss of efficiency.In Expt 3, involving 190 cows, the cows were divided into one of two feeding treatments, ‘uniform’ and ‘step’ similar to Expt 2 and the effect of potential yield and parity was considered. The results emphasized the importance of potential yield rather than feeding system in relation to yield. The results showed a shorter period from calving to conception for the ‘uniform’ treatment.A strategy for efficient cow feeding is outlined.

Colour and fatty acid profile of beef subcutaneous fat depending on breed and feeding system

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 178-178
Author(s):  
N. Aldai ◽  
M. Oliván ◽  
M. J. García ◽  
M. J. Martínez ◽  
M. Mocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Feeding Systems

Both breed and feeding system can affect the composition of fat depots in cattle. Furthermore, carcass fat colour may be influenced by forage-based diets due to the deposition of pigments, but also by changes in texture and firmness because of differences in the fatty acid (FA) profile. The objective of this work was to study the relationship between colour and FA profile of subcutaneous (SC) fat depending on breed and feeding systems in yearling bulls.

The relationship between yield of milk solids of dairy cows and response to change in plane of nutrition

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Broster ◽  
Valerie J. Broster ◽  
A. June Clements ◽  
T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Initial Yield ◽  
Milk Output ◽  
Response To Change ◽  
Milk Solids ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Feeding Systems

SUMMARYA study is reported of the effect of initial potential for milk production of individual cows on the change in milk output consequent upon a change in amount of feed allowed per day. In this study equal initial rations and equal changes in ration were imposed on all cows. The main conclusion was that the greater the initial yield of milk, of milk fat, of solids-not-fat (SNF) or the SNF content of the milk of a cow the greater was the effect of a change in feed allowance on that attribute. It is argued that the effects are large enough to warrant consideration in practical feeding systems.

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