scholarly journals Boilers slagging when burning wood pellets

2022 ◽  
Vol 1211 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
V K Lyubov ◽  
A V Malkov ◽  
P D Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Promising Trend ◽  
Specific Heats ◽  
Nominal Capacity ◽  
Heats Of Combustion ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Negative Phenomena

Abstract A promising trend for upgrading wastes from timber cutting, processing and treatment is their granulation. It allows to increase their specific heats of combustion by 2.5– 3.5 times and their portability characteristics by 3–4 times, to reduce transportation costs by 6– 10 times and to improve all the operations stages. The construction and commissioning of boiler facilities operating on refined biofuel made it possible to form a stable domestic market for wood pellets. However, 0.5 – 1.5 MW nominal capacity hot water boilers equipped with furnaces and profiled burners at the bottom, in cold seasons had fast accumulation of focal residues deposits in the burners and on the furnace chambers lining. The process was complicated by these deposits hardening due to their melting and sintering. These circumstances cause a decrease in the energy and environmental performance of heat-generating installations and their reliability, and also leads to the unplanned shutdowns to clean the boiler furnaces. To find out the reasons for these negative phenomena and to develop recommendations for their elimination, a set of research operations was carried out with wood pellets shipped by the manufacturer and supplied to the burners of the boilers under the analyses; with focal residues accumulated in the burners and on the lining of the furnace chambers; as well as an analysis of the heat generating facilities operation modes. The studies carried out made it possible to identify the main factors that caused these negative phenomena and to develop the recommendations for their elimination.

Complex Efficiency of Using Wood Pellets in Power Plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-172
Author(s):  
Victor K. Lyubov ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr M. Vladimirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Boiler Units ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
By Products

In advanced countries, the dramatic impact of greenhouse gases on the global climate is reduced by replacing fossil fuels with biofuels. This method is being actively encouraged. However, by-products of logging, processing and conversion of wood are classified as difficult to burn fuels due to their high moisture content, low energy density and extremely heterogeneous granulometric composition. A promising direction to increase the energy density and transportability of the timber industry by-products is their granulation. Wood pellet fuel burning in heat-generating plants results in significant increase in their energy and environmental performance. The purpose of the paper is an experimental and calculation study of the energy and environmental performance of 4 MW hot water boilers produced by Polytechnik Luft- und Feuerungstechnik GmbH in the process of burning pine and spruce wood pellets obtained from by-products woodworking. When performing studies, the components of the boiler’s heat balance, gas release, and particulate emissions were determined. Numerical modeling of thermochemical and aerodynamic processes taking place in the boiler combustion chamber was carried out by using the Ansys Fluent three-dimensional simulation software. Together with industrial-operational tests it showed the possibility to reduce the total share of flue gas recirculation into combustion chambers of boiler units to values not exceeding 0.45, in providing an acceptable temperature of combustion products at the combustion chamber outlet and maintaining minimum emissions of carbon and nitrogen monoxides. At the same time, the share of gases fed by recirculation smoke exhausters to the over-bed area of the burner should have higher values than under the reciprocating grates of boilers. Guidelines for comprehensive improvement of wood pellet combustion efficiency in combustion chamber of 4 MW hot water boilers have been developed and implemented. The priorities are: using the air passed through the cooling channels of the setting as secondary air; reducing the rarefaction in the combustion chambers to 30–70 Pa; optimizing the ratio of primary and secondary air, herewith, the share of primary air in the total flow should be 0.26–0.35. Implementation of the developed guidelines allowed to increase the boiler gross efficiency by 0.5–1.8 %, to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the gas path by 15–20 % and to ensure consistently low emissions of carbon and nitrogen monoxides and soot particles. When designing boiler units for burning wood pellet fuel it is advisable to place heating surfaces in the combustion chamber, included in the circulation circuit of the boiler. This will increase the efficiency and life cycle of the boiler unit.

scholarly journals Three eco-tool comparison with the example of the environmental performance of domestic solar flat plate hot water systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Product Lca ◽  
Lca Practitioners ◽  
Standards And Guidelines

Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is a procedure used as an analytical tool for the evaluation of the environmental impact caused by a material, a manufacturing process or product. For an end product, LCA requires both the identification and quantification of materials and energy used in all stages of the product’s life, together with their environmental impact. It requires therefore a huge amount of data about materials, components, manufacturing processes, energy consumption and the relevant environmental impacts. For this reason, a number of software and databases have been developed, in order to facilitate LCA users. These are the so-called Eco-Tools, used in an effort to minimize the environmental impact of a product from the materials and the energy used for production. In this paper, LCA is conducted for solar thermosyphonic systems, with the aid of three commercially available Eco-Tools, usually used by LCA practitioners, namely: Eco-It, GEMIS and SimaPro, and the results are compared. Although all three tools claim accordance with the international standards and guidelines, differences do exist. A typical solar thermosyphonic system (DSHWS) with a 4 m2 collector area and a capacity of 150 dm3 that covers the hot water needs of a three person family in Thessaloniki is used as case study. The results of the three tools are compared for each component of the solar system as well as for each material used and for the conventional energy substituted by the system.

Cost and environmental performance of forced air and hot water heating systems in post-Soviet countries

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Begmyrat Kulmedov ◽  
Serdar Durdyev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
High Price ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heating Systems

PurposeThe aim of the present study is to assess the selected heating systems (furnace and boiler) commonly used in the dwellings of seven post-USSR (the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) countries. The systems were assessed in terms of their cost and environmental performance, with natural gas and electricity used as the main source of energy.Design/methodology/approachThe cost-effectiveness and environmental performance of the selected heating systems that have been commonly used in the selected post-USSR countries was assessed. Current energy (natural gas and electricity) prices that are applied in those countries were used.FindingsResults show that the furnace is the cheapest option, while natural gas is the cheapest source of energy, despite its high price in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Both heating systems could be considered eco-friendly options, although their efficiencies need to be considered at the design stage. Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, which are the top natural gas producers, offer natural gas for the selected heating systems as both cost-effective and eco-friendly options.Practical implicationsA considerable reduction in electricity consumption and less harm to our environment can be achieved through the systems used in residential buildings in the region.Originality/valueThe outcomes of the present study offer value (in terms of cost-effective and eco-friendly options) for the end-users in the region.

scholarly journals From Environmental Reporting to Environmental Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Bednárová ◽  
Roman Klimko ◽  
Eva Rievajová
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Empirical Testing ◽  
Environmental Reporting ◽  
Environmental Disclosure ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Global Companies ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Relationship

This paper identifies factors influencing environmental disclosure and environmental performance of the top 100 Fortune Global companies. The analysis identifies whether they follow the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards to gain and maintain legitimacy with relevant stakeholders. Other factors such as sector and region are taken into account, with empirical testing of a model for the relationship between the extent of environmental disclosure (measured by the developed index based on GRI indicators), sector membership, region, and actual environmental performance. Evidence exists that the main factors related to actual environmental performance were the region and level of environmental disclosure.

The Energy and Environmental Performance of a Project Using Solar Hot Water System with Vacuum Tube Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 771 ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Zu Shan Hu ◽  
Jian Yao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Water System ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Vacuum Tube

This paper calculates the energy and environmental performance of a project with solar hot water system using solar hot water system with vacuum tube materials. The results show that solar hot water application in buildings not only saves energy consumption but also reduces carbon emissions, and the dynamic payback period is about 12 years. Thus solar hot water system should be widely used in buildings in China.

scholarly journals Energetic and Environmental Performances of a Domestic Hot Water Condensing Boiler Fired by Wood Pellets

2017 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Ngendakumana ◽  
Fabian Gabriele ◽  
Yannick Restivo ◽  
Kevin Sartor
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Domestic Hot Water

scholarly journals Dynamic experimental analysis of a LiBr/H2O single effect absorption chiller with nominal capacity of 35 kW of cooling

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 35173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Antonio Ochoa Villa ◽  
José Carlos Charamba Dutra ◽  
Jorge Recarte Henríquez Henríquez ◽  
Carlos Antonio Cabral do Santos ◽  
José Ângelo Peixoto da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Load ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Absorption Chiller ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Nominal Capacity ◽  
Single Effect

This work aims to transient performance of chiller single effect absorption refrigeration using the LiBr/H2O pair with nominal capacity of 35 kW. The goal of this study is to verify the absorption chiller when subjected to thermal loads and it transiently responsive as a function of the temperatures of the chilled, hot and cold water of the system. An experimental methodology was established in a micro-CHP laboratory to simulate the dynamic operating conditions of the system considering the thermal load (chilled water), the activation source (hot water) and the heat dissipation circuit (cold water). The thermal load was simulated from a set of electrical resistors installed in a water heater and the activation of the chiller from recovery gas a microturbine 30 kW and through a compact heat exchanger, where water is heated and stored in a hot buffer tank. The absorption chiller heat dissipation system consists of the pump and cooling tower. The system responded appropriately to the thermal load imposed providing COP values in the transient regime of 0.55 to 0.70 the temperature conditions tested.

Ecological and Energy Efficiency of Wood Pellets’ Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
V.K. Lyubov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Gas Release ◽  
Relative Method ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Wood Material ◽  
Thermomechanical Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Performance ◽  
The Heat Balance ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In the technological cycle of enterprises of the forestry complex, a significant amount of wood waste is generated, but due to their high humidity, low energy density and heterogeneous granulometric composition, they refer to difficulty combustible fuels. The perspective direction of their enrichment is granulation. The results of comprehensive study of the energy and environmental performance of industrial lines of granulation of byproducts of sow mill production are presented. The change in thermomechanical characteristics and the fractional composition of wood material in the process of granulation investigated. The components of the heat balance and emissions of gas release are determined. To determine the heat loss to the environment, an elaborated technology based on the application of a relative method supplemented with a television survey. Recommendations for improving the energy-ecological performance of granulation lines are presented.

Analysis of methodologies for assessing physical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of wood pellets

10.12737/3354 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Зотова ◽  
Elena Zotova ◽  
Сафонов ◽  
Andrey Safonov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
National Standards ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Wood Pellets ◽  
Promising Trend ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
The Russian Federation

The paper discusses the methodology for assessing characteristics in relation to this type of wood biofuel. Part of the methods is adopted by the national standards of the Russian Federation, the other part is proposed because of the lack of regulations. Interest in solid biofuels in the last decade has increased steadily, a rather stable market was formed, and there are its own leaders. Until not long ago the absence of legally approved methods for determining physical, mechanical, thermal, chemical characteristics made significant challenges for the development of this promising trend of industrial production, both in Europe and in the Russian Federation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document