A Novel Comprehensive Model of Wet Clutch During the Engagement Process

PurposeTo gain in-depth understandings of engaging characteristics, the purpose of this paper is to improve the model of wet clutches to predict the transmitted torque during the engagement process.Design/methodology/approachThe model of wet clutch during the engagement process took main factors into account, such as the centrifugal effect of lubricant, permeability of friction material, slippage factor of lubricant on contact surface and roughness of contact surface. Reynolds’ equation was derived to describe the hydrodynamic lubrication characteristics of lubricant film between the friction plate and the separated plate, and an elastic-plastic model of the rough surfaces contact based on the finite element analysis was used to indicate the loading force and friction torque of the contact surface.FindingsThe dynamic characteristics of wet clutch engagement time, relative speed, hydrodynamic lubrication of lubricating oil, rough surface contact load capacity and transfer torque can be obtained by the wet clutch engagement model. And the influence of the groove shape and depth on the engaging characteristics is also analyzed.Originality/valueThe mathematical model of the wet clutch during the engagement process can be used to predict the engaging characteristics of the wet clutch which could be useful to the design of the wet clutch.

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On the Formation of Hot Spots in Wet Clutch Systems

Journal of Tribology ◽

10.1115/1.1402132 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 124 (2) ◽

pp. 336-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J. Y. Jang ◽

M. M. Khonsari

Keyword(s):

Hot Spots ◽

Friction Material ◽

Mechanical Seal ◽

Comprehensive Model ◽

Governing Equations ◽

Thermoelastic Instability ◽

Wet Clutch ◽

Special Case

A comprehensive model is developed for analyzing the onset of thermoelastic instability in a wet clutch. For this purpose, appropriate governing equations are derived that take into account the porosity and deformability of the friction material. The effect of the thickness of the separator disk and that of the friction material are also included. The model is general and can be used to describe TEI in a variety of other systems such as in a mechanical seal, as a special case. A series of simulations are presented that predict the thermoelastic behavior of a wet clutch from an instability viewpoint.

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Rig Test and Analysis of Dynamic Engagement Process of Wet Clutch

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.1461 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 945-949 ◽

pp. 1461-1464

Author(s):

Han Yu Jin ◽

Xiu Sheng Cheng ◽

Xiu Feng Song

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Experimental Verification ◽

Constant Pressure ◽

Simulation Analysis ◽

Test Rig ◽

Wet Clutch ◽

Engagement Process ◽

Working Principle ◽

The Mathematical Model

The working principle of wet clutch was analyzed and the mathematical model was established for torque deliver. Experimental verification and simulation analysis was carried out for the clutch model in the situation of constant pressure engaging process. An efficiency examination of wet clutch implemented on the test rig and provided theory evidence for pressure precisely control.

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Numerical Simulation of Engagement of Paper Based Wet Clutch Facing

Journal of Tribology ◽

10.1115/1.2927201 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 116 (2) ◽

pp. 232-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Shinichi Natsumeda ◽

Tatsuro Miyoshi

Keyword(s):

Hydrodynamic Lubrication ◽

Compressive Strain ◽

Viscosity Reduction ◽

Frictional Heat ◽

Asperity Contact ◽

Wet Clutch ◽

Engagement Process ◽

Torque Curve ◽

The Many ◽

Made In

Theoretical analysis was carried out on the engagement process of a paper based wet clutch. The annular multidisk clutch in a SAE#2 tester was chosen as an example. The average flow model on partial hydrodynamic lubrication proposed by Patir and Cheng was employed for the analysis of squeeze motion taking the permeability, the compressive strain, and the asperity contact of paper facing into account. Simultaneously, the equations of heat conduction were solved to calculate the viscosity reduction due to frictional heat generation. The theoretical torque curve agreed qualitatively with the experimental one in spite of the many assumptions made in this analysis.

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Research on the Wet Clutch Engagement Torque

Volume 7: 2nd Biennial International Conference on Dynamics for Design; 26th International Conference on Design Theory and Methodology ◽

10.1115/detc2014-34179 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Yingying Zhang ◽

Changle Xiang

Keyword(s):

Rough Surface ◽

Automatic Transmission ◽

Squeeze Film ◽

Real Contact Area ◽

Asperity Contact ◽

Time Flow ◽

Clutch Engagement ◽

Wet Clutch ◽

Lubrication Oil ◽

Engagement Process

The driving performance of the vehicle with automatic transmission is influenced by the performance of the wet clutch directly. But at present it is still a challenge to build a reliable predictable model for the torque of the engagement process of the wet clutch. Focusing on the wet clutch of vehicle, this paper starts from mechanism analysis, and a modified Reynolds equation with the consideration of the centrifugal force of the squeeze-film is established. In the model, we can consider the speeds of the friction and separator plates independently. At the same time, flow factors have been used to research the impacts of rough surface on the flow of the lubrication oil. In the three-dimensional solution domain, the circumferential pressure gradient of lubrication oil is considered. The model is solved with the finite volume method. The simulation of the torque of the asperity contact calculates the real contact area changed with the engagement process, and the microscopic texture direction of rough surface is considered. Subsequently, the squeeze-film flow model is combined with the asperity contact model to create an integrated clutch engagement model. Finally, the influence of applied force, viscosity of lubrication oil, friction material, the depth of grooves and the width of the grooves are investigated. Based on the comparison with the experimental data, the performance of the proposed model is found satisfactory. Because in this model more detail properties of material and geometric features of the friction plate are include, the wet clutch model developed in this research can become a baseline model for the prediction of the engagement behavior of a real wet clutch. The present model may become an efficient alternative to laboratory testing and lead to designs that can not be envisioned by other approaches.

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Simulation to Estimate the Output Torque Characteristics and Temperature Rise of a Transmission Wet Clutch during the Engagement Process

10.4271/2018-01-0402 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Syeda Faria Mahmud ◽

Shahjada A. Pahlovy ◽

Makoto Ogawa

Keyword(s):

Temperature Rise ◽

Output Torque ◽

Wet Clutch ◽

Engagement Process

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Hybrid Neural Network for Modeling Automotive Clutches

10.1115/imece1999-0034 ◽

1999 ◽

Author(s):

V. Parvataneni ◽

M. Cao ◽

K. W. Wang ◽

Y. Fujii ◽

W. Tobler

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Hybrid Model ◽

Hybrid Network ◽

Hybrid Neural Network ◽

Physical Knowledge ◽

The Neural Network ◽

Clutch Engagement ◽

Wet Clutch ◽

Engagement Process ◽

Artificial Neural Network Ann

Abstract In this paper, artificial neural network (ANN) based models to capture the dynamic engagement torque of a wet clutch system are developed and analyzed. A two-layer recurrent ANN with output feedback is chosen as the baseline architecture since its simplicity allows easy implementation and efficient execution. Although this model exhibits good performance in capturing the overall mean level of the engagement torque as a function of time, it is unable to predict some of the important clutch dynamics behaviors. To improve the performance, additional neurons that represent the first principles of the clutch engagement process are incorporated into the neural network model. In other words, a hybrid model in which physical knowledge is implicitly embedded within the ANN architecture is derived. This hybrid model is trained and tested with experimental data. The results show that the performance of the hybrid network is much superior to that of the baseline ANN. It can successfully capture not only the trends, but also the detailed characteristics of the clutch engagement torque as a function of time.

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Visualizaion of Cavitation Phenomena in Wet Clutch Engagement Process

JSME international journal Ser C Dynamics control robotics design and manufacturing ◽

10.1299/jsmec1993.40.144 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 144-149 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jose Javier GIL ◽

Hiromu SUGIYAMA ◽

Takakage ARAI

Keyword(s):

Clutch Engagement ◽

Wet Clutch ◽

Engagement Process

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Numerical and experimental research on engagement process of wet multi-plate friction clutches with groove consideration

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology ◽

10.1177/1350650119866045 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 233 (10) ◽

pp. 1464-1482 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Peng-hui Wu ◽

Jin Xu ◽

Xiao-Jun Zhou

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Finite Element ◽

Numerical Model ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Experimental Research ◽

Revolution Speed ◽

Heat Transfer Theory ◽

Wet Clutch ◽

Engagement Process ◽

And Behavior

A numerical model is established to investigate the effects of the influencing factors such as design parameters and operating conditions on the performance and behavior of the engagement process of the wet clutch based on the Navier–Stokes equations, contact mechanics, and heat transfer theory. A finite element contact model called KE contact model is used to analyze the rough contact during engagement process and thermal effect on the viscosity is considered based on heat transfer theory. The integration of the grooving into the simulation and the method of coupled finite element by domain decomposition of groove and ungrooved areas are put forward to facilitate the analysis. The experimental results agree well with the numerical model which takes the normal pressure, the temperature of ATF, relative revolution speed, the permeability and the groove geometry into account. The results of numerical simulation and the experiment indicate that the applied pressure not only affects the engagement time, but also has influence on the value of the engagement torque. Besides, the engagement time is roughly proportional to the relative revolution speed. The influencing factors such as the temperature of ATF, the permeability, grooves, the torque judders and effects of PID control parameters are also discussed in the paper. The performance and behavior of the engagement of the wet clutch were studied by two methods of numerical calculation and experimental research, which make the working process of the wet clutch more detailed.

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