Fibre optic sensing measurement of static surface load distribution on road base layer

2020 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
G G Giwangkara ◽  
A Mohamed ◽  
N H A Khalid ◽  
H M Nor ◽  
I S Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Fibre Optic ◽  
Road Base

scholarly journals Application of the foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion to the road base mixes in the deep cold recycling technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Iwański ◽  
Anna Chomicz-Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Recycling Technology ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Foamed Bitumen ◽  
Cold Recycling

This paper presents findings of a study concerning the influence of binder type on the mechanical properties of road base in the cold recycling technology. The principal aim of this investigation was to evaluate the mixes in scope of susceptibility to moisture and low-temperatures. In the comparative research foamed bitumen and bitumen emulsion were used in four different concentrations (2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%). The materials used in the study were reclaimed from an existing road construction layers: reclaimed aggregate from the road base and reclaimed asphalt pavement obtained by milling the surface and binder course. Portland cement in 2.0% concentration was used as a hydraulic binder. The evaluated parameters were: indirect tensile strengths, tensile strength retained and indirect tensile stiffness modulus at 25 °C. These tests were complemented by an evaluation of susceptibility to moisture and frost according to modified procedures implemented by American researchers: Tunnicliff, Root and Lottman. Moreover, tests for low-temperature cracking were conducted according to Finnish standard. The investigations showed that the use of foamed bitumen for road base layer produced in the cold recycling technology results in better mechanical properties and resistance to moisture and frost compared to using bitumen emulsion. The use of 2.5% of foamed bitumen and 2.0% of Portland cement in the recycled road base allowed to meet the established criteria.

Impedance of Strip-Traveling Waves on an Elastic Half Space: Asymptotic Solution

1974 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-416
Author(s):  
S. H. Crandall ◽  
A. K. Nigam
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Solution ◽  
Rayleigh Wave ◽  
Half Space ◽  
Traveling Wave ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Wave Speed ◽  
Elastic Half Space ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Shear Wave Speed ◽  
Rayleigh Wave Speed

The dynamic normal-load distribution across a strip that is required to maintain a plane progressive wave along its length is studied for the case where the strip is of infinite length and lies on the surface of a homogeneous isotropic elastic half space. This configuration is proposed as a preliminary idealized model for analyzing the dynamic interaction between soils and flexible foundations. The surface load distribution across the strip and the motion of the strip are related by a pair of dual integral equations. An asymptotic solution is obtained for the limiting case of small wavelength. The nature of this solution depends importantly on the propagation velocity of the strip-traveling wave in comparison with the Rayleigh wave speed, the shear wave speed and the dilatational wave speed. When the strip-traveling wave propagates faster than the Rayleigh wave speed, a pattern of trailing Rayleigh waves is shed from the strip. The limiting amplitude of the trailing waves is provided by the asymptotic solution.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Stress Distribution on the Physical Model of Road Base Layer

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Azman Mohamed ◽  
Hasanan Md. Nor ◽  
Nur Hafizah A. Khalid ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Road Base

scholarly journals Compaction Procedures and Associated Environmental Impacts Analysis for Application of Steel Slag in Road Base Layer

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4396
Author(s):  
Bo Gao ◽  
Chao Yang ◽  
Yingxue Zou ◽  
Fusong Wang ◽  
Xiaojun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Land Occupation ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Vibration Period ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Pavement Construction

In recent years, recycling steel slag is receiving growing interest in the road base layer construction field due to its role in alleviating land occupation and resource shortages. However, the mixture compaction and its environmental impact on practical construction sites remain unclear, which may hinder the application of steel slags in road layers. This study investigates the pavement construction of the ‘Baotou-Maoming’ motorway, located in Inner Mongolia, China, analyzing the compaction procedures and assessing the environmental impacts caused by the road base layer containing steel slag. Firstly, mechanical properties and texture appearances of the steel slag aggregates are characterized. Afterwards, the comparative assessments for steel slag and andesite layers compaction are quantified from equivalent CO2 emission and energy consumption aspects, respectively. The results show that the steel slag has a better surface texture than the natural aggregates; physical properties including compactness, flatness and compressive strength comply with the requirements for applying steel slag to a hydraulically bound mixture. Compared to the base layer using andesite aggregates, the compaction vibration period of the course containing steel slags should be reduced to achieve a proper density due to the “hard-to-hard” effect that occurs between the adjacent steel slag particles. Consequently, the additional energy and the equivalent CO2 are generated at 2.67 MJ/m3 and 0.20 kg/m3, respectively.

An Investigation of the Mechanics of Tactile Sense Using Two-Dimensional Models of the Primate Fingertip

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Srinivasan ◽  
K. Dandekar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Strain Energy Density ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tactile Information ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter

Tactile information about an object in contact with the skin surface is contained in the spatiotemporal load distribution on the skin, the corresponding stresses and strains at mechanosensitive receptor locations within the skin, and the associated pattern of electrical impulses produced by the receptor population. At present, although the responses of the receptors to known stimuli can be recorded, no experimental techniques exist to observe either the load distribution on the skin or the corresponding stress-state at the receptor locations. In this paper, the role of mechanics in the neural coding of tactile information is investigated using simple models of the primate fingertip. Four models that range in geometry from a semi-infinite medium to a cylindrical finger with a rigid bone, and composed of linear elastic media, are analyzed under plane strain conditions using the finite element method. The results show that the model geometry has a significant influence on the surface load distribution as well as the subsurface stress and strain fields for a given mechanical stimulus. The elastic medium acts like a spatial low pass filter with the property that deeper the receptor location, the more blurred the tactile information. None of the models predicted the experimentally observed surface deflection profiles under line loads as closely as a simple heterogeneous waterbed model that treated the fingerpad as a membrane enclosing an incompressible fluid (Srinivasan, 1989). This waterbed model, however, predicted a uniform state of stress inside the fingertip and thus failed to explain the spatial variations observed in the neural response. For the cylindrical model indented by rectangular gratings, the maximum compressive strain and strain energy density at typical receptor locations emerged as the two strain measures that were directly related to the electrophysiologically recorded response rate of slowly adapting type I (SAI) mechanoreceptors. Strain energy density is a better candidate to be the relevant stimulus for SAIs, since it is a scalar that is invariant with respect to receptor orientations and is a direct measure of the distortion of the receptor caused by the loads imposed on the skin.

The Revision of Tooth Surface in Order to Compensate the Load Derivation of the Circular Arc Gears

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huran Liu ◽  
Quanhong Liu ◽  
Dongfu Zhao ◽  
Deyu Song ◽  
Jiande Wang
Keyword(s):  
Load Distribution ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Order Differential Equation ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Surface Load ◽  
Contact Deformation ◽  
Circular Arc ◽  
Load Calculation ◽  
Fundamental Equations ◽  
Torsion Deformation

Based on the torsion deformation the gear body and the contact deformation of tooth surface, the fundamental equations of load of the gear was presented, thus established the theoretical basis of the load derivation of the gearing. In this paper, the torsion deformation of the circular arc gears is analyzed first. Then the second order differential equation for the tooth surface load distribution of the involutes gears has been deduced. The equation is applied for the situation where the load is acting on non-continuous engaged point. This forms the theoretical basis for the derivation load calculation of the Novikov gears. Finally, the revision equation to compensate the derivation of the circular arc gears is presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document