scholarly journals Insulin Resistance and Impaired Mitochondrial Function in Obese Adolescent Girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan J. Slattery ◽  
Miriam A. Bredella ◽  
Hena Thakur ◽  
Martin Torriani ◽  
Madhusmita Misra
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Obese Adolescent

scholarly journals Spectrum of metabolic dysfunction in relationship with hyperandrogenemia in obese adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Alemzadeh ◽  
Jessica Kichler ◽  
Mariaelena Calhoun
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Hs Crp

ObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adult women is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) and atherosclerosis. We evaluated the spectrum of metabolic dysfunction in relationship with hyperandrogenemia (HA) in adolescent girls with PCOS.Materials and methodsOvulatory function, acne, hirsutism (HS), body mass index (BMI), body composition, fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, free testosterone (FT), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and HbA1c were evaluated in 103 girls. The homeostatic assessment model equations (HOMA-IR and HOMA-%B) were used for determination of insulin resistance and β-cell function respectively.ResultsThe oligo-ovulation (Oligo)+HA+HS (n=44), Oligo+HA (n=28), and Oligo+HS (n=31) phenotypes had similar BMI. However, hyperandrogenemic phenotypes had higher prevalence of acanthosis nigricans (AN) and acne (P<0.01) and higher insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-%B, HbA1c, and hs-CRP levels than Oligo+HS group (P<0.01). Serum FT was correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0.38,P<0.01), HOMA-%B (r=0.49,P<0.01), hs-CRP (r=0.42,P<0.01), AN (r=0.39,P<0.01), and HbA1c (r=0.27,P<0.01). Furthermore, 34% of girls met diagnostic criteria for MS displaying higher BMI, FT, HOMA-%B, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, and HbA1c than subjects without MS (P<0.01). Using combined HOMA-IR≥4.0 and hs-CRP>3.0 cut-off values, 71.4% of MS versus 23.5% non-MS group were considered at risk of diabetes and atherosclerosis (P<0.0001).ConclusionsHyperandrogenemic PCOS phenotypes have greatest degree of insulin resistance and inflammation. The use of insulin resistance and inflammatory markers may help identify adolescent girls with PCOS at risk of cardiometabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Magnesium intake and insulin resistance in obese adolescent girls

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Harry Freitag Luglio Muhammad ◽  
Emy Huriyati ◽  
Rina Susilowati ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background The worldwide increase in the prevalence ofcardiovascular diseases in adulthood is related to obesity inchildren and adolescents. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia observed in obese individuals are the precursors of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Magnesium, through its action on insulin receptors, is proposed to be an important factor in preventing insulin resistance.Objective The aim of this study was to assess the associationbetween magnesium intake and insulin resistance in obeseadolescent girls.Methods This was a cross-sectional study on obese adolescentgirls in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Insulin resistance was defined as a HOMA-IR index of3.16 or more. HOMA-IR was calculated usingfasting insulin and plasma glucose levels. Magnesium intake andenergy adjusted magnesium intake were measured using a 24-hour food recall method on 6 non-consecutive days.Results Of 7 8 obese adolescent girls included in our study, 56% of them were found to be insulin resistant. Magnesium intake was only 61 o/o of the recommended daily requirement for adolescent girls. There were no significant associations between magnesium intake and either HOMA-IR or hyperinsulinemia.Conclusion Our study does not find an association betweeninsulin resistance and magnesium intake in obese adolescent girls.

BMI Better Predictor of Insulin Resistance Compared to Waist Circumference in Obese Adolescent Girls

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Lauren A. Kanner ◽  
Jennifer L. Rehm ◽  
M Tracy Bekx ◽  
Jens Eickhoff ◽  
David B. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Obese Adolescent

INTERRELATION OF rs9939609 POLYMORPHISM OF THE FTO GENE WITH CLINICAL AND METABOLIC PARAMETERS IN GIRLS WITH DIFFERENT FAT DEPOSITION TOPOGRAPHY: A PILOT STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
T.A. Bairova ◽  
◽  
E.A. Sheneman ◽  
K.D. Ievleva ◽  
L.V. Rychkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Thigh Circumference ◽  
Obese Adolescent

Objective of the research: to assess the relationship between rs9939609 FTO carriage and clinical and metabolic parameters in adolescent girls with different types of fat deposition to identify the A allele as a possible marker of abdominal fat deposition. Materials and methods: 254 adolescent girls (14–17 years): 101 girls (39%) with a body mass index (BMI) in the range of ±1 SDS included in the control group [age 16 (15–17) years], 153 girls with SDS>1 were included in the main group [age 15 (15–16) years], including 95 (62%) girls with overweight (SDS BMI from +1,0 to +2,0) [age 15 (14,5–17) years] and 58 (37%) obese girls (SDS BMI>2) [age 15 (14–16) years]. Study design: singlecenter prospective complete open controlled. Anthropometric studies using standard methods (body weight, height, BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), thigh circumference, fat fold thickness above the biceps, triceps muscles, on the chest front surface, at the scapula lower angle, in the abdomen area and mid-thigh area). Adipose tissue percentage (% of fat mass) was determined by the bioelectrical resistance method using a professional scale – a TANITATBF-410MA fat analyzer (Japan). Laboratory studies included determination of lipid spectrum (triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, oral glucose tolerance test, insulin with calculation of the insulin resistance index HOMA-IR, and molecular genetic studies (rs9939609FTO). Results: the frequency of the A-allele rs9939609 FTO in the adolescent samples WHtR<0,5 and WHtR>0,5 (56,28%, χ2=10,66, p=0,0011) is higher than in the group of adolescents with normal weight (40,10%). Comparing the frequencies of alleles and genotypes between groups with WHtR<0,5 and WHtR>0,5 did not revealed any statistically significant differences (χ2=0,92, p=0,63; χ2=0,34, p=0,56). In carriers of the AA genotype with an abdominal type of fat deposition (WHtR>0,5) in comparison with carriers of a similar genotype of a gluteofemoral type of fat deposition (WHtR<0,5), the BMI SDS is higher (2,75±0,66 vs. 1,54±0,46, p=0,01) and HOMA-IR (6,55±8,09 vs. 2,59±1,34, p=0,04). Conclusion: the prevalence of the A allele rs9939609 FTO in the group of overweight and obese adolescent girls is higher than in the group of adolescents with normal weight. In adolescent girls, the A allele rs9939609 FTO is associated with excess fat accumulation (SDS BMI) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).

Greater effects of high- compared with moderate-intensity interval training on thyroid hormones in overweight/obese adolescent girls

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissal Abassi ◽  
Nejmeddine Ouerghi ◽  
Hatem Ghouili ◽  
Salma Haouami ◽  
Anissa Bouassida
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Training Groups

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the effects of 12-week high-intensity- (HIIT) vs. moderate-intensity-interval training (MIIT) on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) and insulin-resistance in overweight/obese adolescent girls.MethodsTwenty four adolescent girls (age 16.5±1.36 yrs) were randomly allocated into three groups: (1) HIIT (2 blocks per session of 6–8 bouts of 30 s runs at 100–110% maximal aerobic speed (MAS), with 30 s active recovery between bouts at 50% MAS; n=8), (2) MIIT (2 blocks per session of 6–8 bouts of 30 s runs at 70–80% MAS, with 30 s active recovery between bouts at 50% MAS; n=8) and (3) control group (no exercise, n=8). Each training groups engaged in three sessions per week during three months. Anthropometric parameters, aerobic capacity, homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as well as plasma TSH and T4 levels were assessed in all subjects before- and after-training.ResultsFollowing both training programs, body mass, body mass index Z-score, waist circumference and body fat decreased, while aerobic capacity increased. However, TSH and T4 concentrations decreased only after the HIIT (−30.47%, p<0.05, ES=1.42 and −12.86%, p<0.05, ES=1.18; respectively). The HOMA-IR decreased in both training groups (−26.25%, p<0.05, ES=1.87 for MIIT and −21.72%, p<0.05, ES=2.14 for HIIT).ConclusionTwelve weeks of HIIT was effective in reducing circulating TSH and T4 levels, unlike MIIT, in overweight/obese adolescent girls. These findings indicated that the stimulation of pituitary-thyroid function is more sensitive to training intensity than training duration. Further studies are needed to confirm this conclusion.

1891-P: Palmitate-Enriched Lipid Ingestion Acutely Induces Insulin Resistance Associated with PKCγ Activation and Impaired Mitochondrial Function in Human Skeletal Muscle

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1891-P
Author(s):  
THERESIA SARABHAI ◽  
CHRYSI KOLIAKI ◽  
SABINE KAHL ◽  
DOMINIK PESTA ◽  
LUCIA MASTROTOTARO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals When the Balance Tips: Dysregulation of Mitochondrial Dynamics as a Culprit in Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4617
Author(s):  
Styliana Kyriakoudi ◽  
Anthi Drousiotou ◽  
Petros P. Petrou
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Mitochondrial Fusion ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Wide Range

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles, the morphology of which is tightly linked to their functions. The interplay between the coordinated events of fusion and fission that are collectively described as mitochondrial dynamics regulates mitochondrial morphology and adjusts mitochondrial function. Over the last few years, accruing evidence established a connection between dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics and disease development and progression. Defects in key components of the machinery mediating mitochondrial fusion and fission have been linked to a wide range of pathological conditions, such as insulin resistance and obesity, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Here, we provide an update on the molecular mechanisms promoting mitochondrial fusion and fission in mammals and discuss the emerging association of disturbed mitochondrial dynamics with human disease.

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