Conclusion I

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iddo Landau
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Immortality Of The Soul ◽  
Made In

This is the first of the two concluding chapters, both of which address general questions about meaning in life and the claims made in this book. Does this book discuss our perceptions of meaning in life or meaning in life itself? Do we find meaning or create it? Suppose that religious claims about the existence of God and the immortality of the soul are incorrect; could life still be deemed meaningful? Is it true that issues relating to the meaning of life are in the sole domain of psychology and psychiatry? And is existentialism a good source of guidance on the meaning of life?

Finding Meaning in an Imperfect World

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iddo Landau
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Religious People ◽  
Finding Meaning ◽  
The World ◽  
Meaningful Lives

After explaining what meaning in life is, the book moves to criticizing certain presuppositions about the meaning of life that unnecessarily lead many people to believe that their lives are meaningless. Among others, it criticizes perfectionism about meaning in life, namely, the assumption that meaningful lives must include some perfection or some rare and difficult achievements. It then responds to recurring arguments made by people who take their lives to be meaningless, such as the arguments claiming that life is meaningless because death eventually annihilates us and everything we do; whatever we do is negligible when examined in the context of the whole universe; we have no free will and, thus, deserve no praise for what we achieve; everything, including meaning, is completely relative; we do not know what the purpose of life is; whenever we achieve something we stop sensing it as valuable; and there is so much suffering and evil in the world. The book also offers strategies that may help people identify what is meaningful in life and increase its meaningfulness. The final chapters consider questions such as whether only religious people can have meaningful lives; whether meaning of life should be discussed only by psychologists; and whether existentialism is a good source of guidance on the meaning of life.

The Death Poetry of Emily Dickinson

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Cooney
Keyword(s):  
Emily Dickinson ◽  
Vantage Point ◽  
Affirmation Of Life ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Made In

The topic of death is an important theme in the work of Emily Dickinson, one of America's greatest poets. Dickinson scholars debate whether her focus on death (one quarter of all her poems) is an unhealthy and morbid obsession, or, rather, a courageous recognition that life itself cannot be understood fully except from the vantage point of the grave (just as light cannot be fully appreciated without the recognition of its opposite, i.e., darkness). Following the latter view, Dickinson's penetrating insights into death are examined. Some of her best known death poems are presented and briefly discussed (reference is also made to many other Dickinson poems, and insights are also drawn from her many letters). Brief comparisons of Dickinson's views to certain philosophers (for example, Nietzsche) are made, in order to provide a wider context of exploration into these important themes. In the end, Dickinson contends that affirmation of life is impossible without an examination of death—the article therefore ends with her famous poem about that affirmation.

scholarly journals Sensul în viață la vârsta a treia. Stadiu de dezvoltare a personalitatii umane

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Florin Marius Voicu
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Erik Erikson ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
The Individual

Austrian psychiatrist Viktor Frankl is among the first researchers of the meaning of life. His studies demonstrate the importance of living a meaningful life (Frankl, 1963). Meaning in life has become an important psychological concept in the research of emotional balance throughout life and decisive for the feeling of a fulfilled life in old age. Michael F. Steger's research shows that people who have a meaning in life, sense, and purpose generally feel happier and more satisfied daily, less depressed, anxious, and less likely to engage in risky behaviors. The six-factor model of psychological well-being is a theory developed by Carol Ryff (Carol Ryff, 1989). The meaning of life is studied according to age, age dynamics. The stages of development highlighted by Erik Erikson attach special importance to the meaning given to life lived in the developmental stage suggestively called "Integrity vs. Despair". Theories on aging highlight the terms "salutogenesis” and “pathogenesis”(Antonovsky, 1979) that imply different perspectives on life. Theories agree that meaning in life is an important concept in the ontogenesis of the human personality, necessary for the general well-being of the individual (Carol Ryff) being reflected in the state of physical health and the present emotional disposition (status). What is important, as a conclusion, is that all psychological factors are involved in the meaning of this life. To the extent that man has a meaning, his entire psychic structure participates in its realization. The current study highlights the changes that occur in the personality of the individual in old age and the psychological mechanisms with an adaptive role in this regard.

Pediatric Anesthesia

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-539
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Pediatric Anesthesia ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Present Volume ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Made In

For those who are interested in the advancement of pediatric surgery, it has long been obvious that improvements should be made in anesthesia for infants and children. Much credit should go to Drs. Leigh and Beltom for their important efforts in this direction. The present volume is based on an extensive experience with anesthesia technics in young subjects and hence bears a mark of authority. The book is a good source of reference data for those who are called upon to work in this field.

scholarly journals Second Sailing towards Immortality and God

Mnemosyne ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Rafael Ferber
Keyword(s):  
Ontological Argument ◽  
Existence Of God ◽  
Standard Interpretation ◽  
Structural Analogy ◽  
Immortality Of The Soul ◽  
Final Proof

Abstract This paper deals with the deuteros plous, literally ‘the second voyage’, proverbially ‘the next best way’, discussed in Plato’s Phaedo, the key passage being Phd. 99e4-100a3. I argue that (a) the ‘flight into the logoi’ can have two different interpretations, a standard one and a non-standard one. The issue is whether at 99e-100a Socrates means that both the student of erga and the student of logoi consider images (‘the standard interpretation’), or the student of logoi does not consider images (‘the non-standard interpretation’); (b) the non-standard one implies the problem of the hypothesis, a problem analogous to the problem of the elenchus; (c) there is a structural analogy between Descartes’ ontological argument for the existence of God in his 5th Meditation and the final proof for the immortality of the soul in the Phaedo.

Categorization of College Students' Meaning of Life

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Devogler ◽  
Peter Ebersole
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Interrater Reliability ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
State University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

This study was designed to develop meaning-in-life categories which have adequate interrater reliability and stability over time. Also of interest were the categories which college students endorsed and the number of students who reported no meaning in life. A pilot study was used to develop appropriate categories. 100 students from a State University class were asked to write about the three most meaningful things in their lives and then ranked their written meanings in order of importance to them. Eight categories had adequate interrater reliability and stability over a 3-mo. period. The “relationship” category was most often chosen followed by “service,” “growth,” “belief,” “existential-hedonistic,” “obtaining,” “expression,” and “understanding.” Only 5% of our sample claimed life to have no meaning.

Meaning of life, representation of death, and their association with psychological distress

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ines Testoni ◽  
Giulia Sansonetto ◽  
Lucia Ronconi ◽  
Maddalena Rodelli ◽  
Gloria Baracco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Participants

AbstractObjective:This paper presents a two-phase cross-sectional study aimed at examining the possible mitigating role of perceived meaning of life and representation of death on psychological distress, anxiety, and depression.Method:The first phase involved 219 healthy participants, while the second encompassed 30 cancer patients. Each participant completed the Personal Meaning Profile (PMP), the Testoni Death Representation Scale (TDRS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Distress Thermometer (DT). The primary analyses comprised (1) correlation analyses between the overall scores of each of the instruments and (2) path analysis to assess the indirect effect of the PMP on DT score through anxiety and depression as determined by the HADS.Results:The path analysis showed that the PMP was inversely correlated with depression and anxiety, which, in turn, mediated the effect on distress. Inverse correlations were found between several dimensions of the PMP, the DT, and the HADS–Anxiety and HADS–Depression subscales, in both healthy participants and cancer patients. Religious orientation (faith in God) was related to a stronger sense of meaning in life and the ontological representation of death as a passage, rather than annihilation.Significance of Results:Our findings support the hypothesis that participants who represent death as a passage and have a strong perception of the meaning of life tend to report lower levels of distress, anxiety, and depression. We recommend that perceived meaning of life and representation of death be more specifically examined in the cancer and palliative care settings.

scholarly journals Analisis Unsur-Unsur Pendidikan Masa Lalu Sebagai Dasar Penentuan Arah Kebijakan Pembelajaran Pada Era Globalisasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Gede Erni Sulindawati
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Education History ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Face ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Historical Education

This article aims to analyze the elements of education that have been applied and problems encountered in the past, as well as determining the basis of educational policies that are applied in the globalization era. Elements of education in the past continuously strived for improvement and improvement to a better direction. Basic education policies that can be applied in the future include (1) the transformation of school education to the XX1 century, (2) need to understand the significance of modernization and modernity, (3) modern life filled with inequalities, contradictions and progress can make human lose its meaning in life, to avoid this it is recommended a general education program that gives students the ability to capture the various types of meaning contained in education, and (4) learners need more emphasis on historical education, history is a lesson given to the students to understand why a society in a given time in the past took a certain decision in the face of a particular problem. Students are gradually guided to grasp the meaning of what is behind the visible or physically felt, the students are trained to understand the meaning of the small meaning to the great meaning of the meaning of life itself.

Conclusion II

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iddo Landau
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Existential Guilt ◽  
Practical Guidelines

This chapter continues the discussion of general issues related to the meaning of life. The book has argued that to see life as meaningless is to see it as lacking a sufficient number of aspects of sufficient value. But many people describe the meaninglessness of their lives differently, mentioning existential guilt, anxiety, and despair. Others portray their meaningless lives as a joke, a lie, or an unfulfilled promise. The chapter argues that the analysis of meaninglessness presented in the book explains rather than conflicts with the ways in which people actually describe their feeling of meaninglessness. The chapter also stresses the importance of investing effort and work in enhancing meaning in life and, lastly, reviews the most crucial of the practical guidelines this book offers.

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