7. Politikos

2018 ◽  
pp. 128-143
Author(s):  
Erle C. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Geologic Time ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
Responsible Action ◽  
Socially Relevant

The concept of the Anthropocene has travelled far beyond its natural sciences origins. Since it was first proposed, the Anthropocene has inspired a barrage of socially relevant questions, stoked intense debates, and served as a muse for artists and designers. ‘Politikos’ explains that the politics of inequality, environmental ethics, and the challenges of responsible action under conditions of potentially catastrophic global change have all been connected with the Anthropocene proposal. Would scientific recognition of the Anthropocene change public perceptions and actions? What would happen if the Anthropocene was not accepted as a new epoch of geologic time? Despite many interpretations, there appears to be a common thread of the Anthropocene as crisis.

Environmental Ethics

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-34
Author(s):  
Josep M. Basart
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Precautionary Principle ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Key Points ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective ◽  
Intergenerational Ethics ◽  
Core Issues

This chapter introduces some core issues in environmental ethics (EE) from a multidisciplinary perspective. This approach's primary purpose is to make explicit the richness and complexity of the subject, where arguments coming from natural sciences, politics, philosophy, economics, or psychology often intertwine. Moreover, although it is risky, the diversity of views tries to engage interested readers from different fields and non-specialists. After the introduction, the chapter focuses on the characteristics of the different views on non-anthropocentric EE. Next, five of the main ethical frameworks are presented. This is followed by some specific points of view, which are capital in the subject (intergenerational ethics, precautionary principle, deep ecology, environmental justice, indigenous peoples, and feminism). An exploration of consumption and population follows. Finally, some key points on sustainability and human development precede the conclusion of the chapter.

Values, Places and Bodies: Opportunities for Forging a Deeper Understanding of Public Perceptions of Ccs?

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 329-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie J. Mabon
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
And Storage

This paper explores how theories and epistemological understandings from the disciplines of human geography and environmental ethics may be usefully deployed to further understanding of public perceptions of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS). In particular, the themes of values, place and embodied experience are explored in turn. The aim of doing this is to consider how reflection on some of the ‘deeper’ issues underpinning CCS projects has the potential to shed new light on how people come to hold particular viewpoints. This paper argues that alongside the endeavour of producing very practical advice and guidelines on public engagement in CCS, there is room to reflect critically on the contexts in which people form their perceptions of CCS and perform these perceptions. Doing this has the potential to offer new insights into what exactly it is publics may find troubling – or, indeed, appealing - about CCS.

scholarly journals Historical citizen science to understand and predict climate-driven trout decline

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1846) ◽  
pp. 20161979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Clavero ◽  
Miquel Ninyerola ◽  
Virgilio Hermoso ◽  
Ana Filipa Filipe ◽  
Magda Pla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Presence

Historical species records offer an excellent opportunity to test the predictive ability of range forecasts under climate change, but researchers often consider that historical records are scarce and unreliable, besides the datasets collected by renowned naturalists. Here, we demonstrate the relevance of biodiversity records developed through citizen-science initiatives generated outside the natural sciences academia. We used a Spanish geographical dictionary from the mid-nineteenth century to compile over 10 000 freshwater fish records, including almost 4 000 brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) citations, and constructed a historical presence–absence dataset covering over 2 000 10 × 10 km cells, which is comparable to present-day data. There has been a clear reduction in trout range in the past 150 years, coinciding with a generalized warming. We show that current trout distribution can be accurately predicted based on historical records and past and present values of three air temperature variables. The models indicate a consistent decline of average suitability of around 25% between 1850s and 2000s, which is expected to surpass 40% by the 2050s. We stress the largely unexplored potential of historical species records from non-academic sources to open new pathways for long-term global change science.

scholarly journals On the role of global change science in sustainable development: Reflecting on Ye Duzheng’s contributions

2021 ◽  
pp. 209660832110011
Author(s):  
Jianhua Lu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Climate Scientist ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Levels

Ye Duzheng was a world-renowned climate scientist and a pioneer of global change science in China and across the world. This paper revisits his ideas on linking global change science to sustainable development and his understanding of orderly human activities, along with his activities in leading research on global change science beginning in the early 1980s. Ye’s work has clearly shown that literacy in global change science and Earth system science and the interaction between the social and natural sciences and between policymakers and stakeholders at different levels are essential to sustainable development.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS AS A FORM OF INTEGRATION OF NATURAL SCIENCES WITH HUMANITIES

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sprincean ◽  
◽  
A. A. Sychev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Natural Sciences

scholarly journals Bioetyka. Jej historia i sposoby ujmowania

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Bołoz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
International Law ◽  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Human Conduct ◽  
Interdisciplinary Character

Bioethics is a new scientific branch created over 30 years ago, connecting natural sciences (biology, medicine) with the science of morals in human conduct. (ethics). Bioethics started to grow in the area of ecology, therefore primarily it appeared as a discipline of environmental protection and preservation of the ecosystem (environmental ethics). Later the matter of dispute became limited to problems related to human health and its promotion (medical ethics). However, these problems are closely related to plant preservation and animal life protection. The practice in bioethics is faced with difficulties related to the interdisciplinary character of this branch and axiological pluralism of the modern world. In consequence, in the area of bioethics most important become human being respect and human rights as touchstones universally accepted in social life practice and international law. A favorable fact is that the European Union has recognized and accepted these values as its own cultural identity constituents.

scholarly journals Thoughts of N.I. Pirogov «About desirable transformations of the Medico-Surgical Academy»

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
B I Zholus ◽  
I V Petreev
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
University Leadership ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
The University ◽  
The Military

The great doctor, anatomist, surgeon, teacher, professor Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (1810-1881) glorified not only Russian medicine, but also Russia as a whole. The vast majority of scientific results were achieved by him during his work at the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy from December 1840 to July 1856. His discoveries and achievements relate primarily to anatomy and its topographic direction, surgery and its military field, the military medical «administration» - the organization of medical support for the army. Contemporaries N.I. Pirogov was noted for his high pedagogical abilities. 21 years after the death of N.I. Pirogov, his wife transferred part of the archive to Novorossiysk (now Odessa) University. Among the works was an article written in pencil, «On the desirable transformations of the Medical and Surgical Academy». Professor of Anatomy of the University N.A. Batuev published an article in the Russky Doktor newspaper in 1902, in which the idea that military doctors are educated in universities in European countries on the basis of medical faculties, which should be administratively independent of university leadership, was a common thread. Nikolai Ivanovich proposed at the initial stage of training to guide students through the general faculty of natural sciences. Further, his proposal was that the medical faculty should be divided into two departments: the first - for the training of civilian doctors, and the second - for those wishing to enlist in the military. Commonwealth with the University of N.I. Pirogov was seen as an opportunity to deepen and expand the knowledge acquired by students, especially natural sciences, in the initial period of study.

Introduction to the Forum on Cluttering: Rays of Hope Shine Around the World

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1566-1567
Author(s):  
Isabella Reichel
Keyword(s):  
Professional Preparation ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Successful Communication ◽  
Self Help ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Thread ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Attention Performance ◽  
Self Help Groups

Purpose In the 10 years since the International Cluttering Association (ICA) was created, this organization has been growing in the scope of its initiatives, and in the variety of resources it makes available for people with cluttering (PWC). However, the awareness of this disorder and of the methods for its intervention remain limited in countries around the world. A celebration of the multinational and multicultural engagements of the ICA's Committee of the International Representatives is a common thread running through all the articles in this forum. The first article is a joint effort among international representatives from five continents and 15 countries, exploring various themes related to cluttering, such as awareness, research, professional preparation, intervention, and self-help groups. The second article, by Elizabeth Gosselin and David Ward, investigates attention performance in PWC. In the third article, Yvonne van Zaalen and Isabella Reichel explain how audiovisual feedback training can improve the monitoring skills of PWC, with both quantitative and qualitative benefits in cognitive, emotional, and social domains of communication. In the final article, Hilda Sønsterud examines whether the working alliance between the client and clinician may predict a successful cluttering therapy outcome. Conclusions Authors of this forum exchanged their expertise, creativity, and passion with the goal of solving the mystery of the disconcerting cluttering disorder with the hope that all PWC around the globe will have access to the most effective evidence-based treatments leading to blissful and successful communication.

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