Organised Crime as a Political Influence Tool of the Russian Federation

The article attempts to describe the use of organised crime to achieve the political goals of the Russian Federation. This phenomenon escapes unambiguous scientific classifications and has an eminently interdisciplinary character. This is because organised crime is usually analysed in the classical criminological literature as a pathology the state fights. However, it turns out that organised crime structures can be an element of the foreign policy carried out by covert and illegal means. Therefore, the criminological perspective should be supplemented with a viewpoint of political and security sciences. The direct inspiration for this paper came from the analyses carried out by Galeotti, an expert in security and international relations. It refers to the practical manifestations of the activities of Russian special services: SVR, GRU and FSB, in which Russian-speaking criminal networks are used. The author believes it can be analysed in terms of the concept known in the Anglo-Saxon scientific circle as a so-called state crime.

Trapped in the Gaze of Others. Discourses of Shame among Female Entrepreneurs in Austria

This article explores female entrepreneurs’ picture of self in the gaze of others. It relies on the narratives of female business owners gained via semi-structured interviews and focus groups, compiled in the framework of an international research project (iFEMPOWER)1 in Austria. The study reveals that the imagined and perceived gaze of others has a significant power on how businesswomen define both their professional and personal self and how they evaluate their self-worth. The gaze of others becomes a signifier of shame (for not being enough or being too much). The results of this study contribute to a more complex understanding of female entrepreneurship, and with the interdisciplinary character it aims at shaping the contemporary discourse on the gendered entrepreneurial sector.

Metaphors of Globalization

The organization and function of human society in the global economy is, in the current discourse, part of epistemology, developed on the broader link of social sciences with scientific creativity and artistic imagination. The “chaotic” synergy of globalization has developed on a conceptual network where the logic of conceptual metaphor and cognitive scenario are integrative and circular. It is this assertion we start from in the research on the interdisciplinary character of the metaphor of globalization, with special attention paid to the metaphors of the organic, of space, of movement (the spiral formula, the loop, centre-periphery, the metaphor of the nebula, man as a sum, etc.). The research method (contrastive, functional, analytical) has in view the interdisciplinary and dynamic character of metaphors that highlight the conceptual system beyond the research. The conclusion of the study is that the role of interdisciplinary metaphors is to fuse with the text and arguments of an entire conceptual system it generates.

Social inequalities – theoretical considerations from an interdisciplinary perspective

Contemporary considerations on social inequalities are more and more often of an interdisciplinary character. Particular interest in the above-mentioned issues becomes noticeable in sociological and economic sciences and is also gradually increasing in geographical disciplines. The aim of this study is to present the problem of social inequalities from an interdisciplinary perspective. The analysis highlights the contribution of research conducted by representatives of sociology, economics, and geography. The methods of classification and identification of factors shaping social inequalities were also discussed.

INVITATION TO READ. REVIEW

The paper "The Influence of International Law on Contemporary Geopolitics", developed by Dr. Chiţu Alexandru-Cristinel is the result of documentary and research efforts carried out by the author during the internship of the doctoral thesis with the same title in the field "Law" in 2019. Publication of the doctoral thesis at the "Top Form" publishing house proves the author's intention to provide society with more information on the relationship between international law and contemporary geopolitics. The paper has a complex, interdisciplinary character, bringing together elements of international law, economic law, political science and geopolitics, being based on extensive documentation.

Discourse analysis: the theory of frames of analysis

The discourse analysis is of interdisciplinary character, but it is impossible without the analysis of linguistic characteristics of discourse. The problem of method of these studies remains debatable. The paper dwells on discourse analysis of election campaign in the USA in 2020. The importance of these studies is reflected not only in the task of creating the theory of discourse analysis in modern linguistics, but also in the institutionalizing of these discourse practices in modern Russian society. These pragmatic texts are notable by their topics, issues, values embodied in them, key audiences, verbal (rhetorical) tactics of image-creating. The author suggests the theory of analysis of discourse — the existence of factual, linguistic, argumentative, non-verbal frames of analysis, the frame of key communicators, the frame of performance communication, the frame of virtual communication. Due attention is given to the new subtype of political discourse — that of net origin. The paper explores the publicprivate character of political communication in the nets and characteristics of verbal behavior of its authors. The paper makes a contribution to the discourse studies suggesting an original theory of frames of discourse studies.

Special Issue—Contemporary Issues in Brazilian Criminology

This special issue features seven articles among those presented at the workshop “Crime and Perceived Safety in Brazil” (Crime e Percepção de Segurança in Brazil) in Campinas, Brazil, in December 2019. The special issue reflects an array of themes of contemporary criminology in Brazil, from homicides and corruption to fear of crime and crime prevention. This special issue reflects the interdisciplinary character of the workshop with participating researchers from several Brazilian universities. For a selection of other articles from this workshop, see the second special issue to be published in the Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice in 2022.

Sentence-structure errors of machine translation into Slovak

The study identifies, classifies and analyses errors in machine translation (MT) outputs of journalistic texts from English into Slovak, using error analysis. The research results presented in the study are pioneering, since the issue of machine translation – with its strong interdisciplinary character and novelty – has not yet been studied in the Slovak academic environment. The evaluation of the errors is based on a framework for classification of MT errors devised by Vaňko, which was arranged for the Slovak language. The study discusses and explains the issues of sentence structure, including predicativeness, syntactic-semantic correlativeness, and a modal and communication sentence framework. We discovered that the majority of the errors are related to the categories of agreement, word order and nominal morpho-syntax. This fact clearly correlates with features of journalistic texts, in which nominal structures and nouns in all realizations are used to a great extent. Moreover, there are some serious differences between the languages which limit and affect the quality of translation.

EVERYDAY LIFE HISTORY AS A SCIENTIFIC AREA

The article presents the analysis of the discussions of researchers about the essence and major components of the category “everyday life”; the interdisciplinary character of the problem is emphasized. In particular, the spatial, object, action, value and emotional components of everyday life are characterized. The significance of the history of everyday life as a modern scientific direction is assessed.

From Work Tools to Didactic Resources for Mathematics Classes: Experiences in and for Technical Courses

Background: High school technical vocational education (Educação Profissional Técnica de Nível Médio - EPTNM) is an educational modality provided by the LDB and responsible for the qualification of part of the workers at the national level. Objective: to articulate theoretical assumptions of mathematics education in pedagogical action with students of EPTNM, and discuss the role that work tools can play in mathematics education of students of technical courses integrated to high school. Design: qualitative research, approaching a bibliographic research. Settings and participants: 96 texts published in the national meetings of mathematics education proceedings from 2010 through 2019. Data collection and analysis: to collect the data, we downloaded the proceedings, identified the files containing specific descriptors, performed a reading located where those terms were used and then selected the articles that presented proposals or experiences related to the EPTNM. For data analysis, we started from gross units of information (excerpts from the articles) for the categories of information (defined by the concept of transparency, following the theoretical framework). Results: Based on the notion of transparency of didactic resources, we found that the visibility of the instruments gives tasks an interdisciplinary character, since students become familiar with working tools. On the other hand, the invisibility of resources is favourable to pedagogical action, mainly by promoting intellectual work from manual work. Conclusions: regardless of the level of transparency of the working instrument, its use as a didactic resource is recommended for mathematics education at EPTNM.