Awareness of the use of hyponatraemia-inducing medications in older adults with hyponatraemia: a study of their prevalent use and association with recurrent symptomatic or severe hyponatraemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwanghee Jun ◽  
Yujin Kim ◽  
Young-Mi Ah ◽  
Ju-Yeun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Thiazide Diuretics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Hyponatraemia ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Cautious use or avoidance of hyponatraemia-inducing medications (HIMs) is recommended in older patients with hyponatraemia. Objective To evaluate the use of HIMs after treatment for symptomatic or severe hyponatraemia and to investigate the impact of HIMs on the recurrence of symptomatic or severe hyponatraemia in older patients. Design and settings A cross-sectional and nested case–control study using data obtained from national insurance claims databases. Methods The rate of prescribing HIMs during the 3 months before and after the established index date was analysed in a cross-sectional analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to investigate the association between HIM use and recurrence of symptomatic or severe hyponatraemia after adjusting for covariates in a case–control study. Results The cross-sectional study included 1,072 patients treated for symptomatic or severe hyponatraemia. The proportion of patients prescribed any HIMs after hyponatraemia treatment decreased from 76.9 to 70.1%. The prescription rates significantly decreased for thiazide diuretics (from 41.9 to 20.8%) and desmopressin (from 8.6 to 4.0%), but the proportion of patients prescribed antipsychotics increased from 9.2 to 17.1%. Of 32,717 patients diagnosed with hyponatraemia, 913 (2.8%) showed recurrent hyponatraemia. After adjusting for comorbid conditions, the use of any HIMs including proton pump inhibitors [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15–1.57] and two or more HIMs (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.22–1.78) especially in combination with thiazide diuretics increased the likelihood of severe hyponatraemia recurrence. Conclusions Prevalent use of HIMs after treatment for symptomatic or severe hyponatraemia and multiple HIM use increase the risk of recurrent hyponatraemia in geriatric patients.

scholarly journals Leukoedema pada Perokok

e-GIGI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priska T. Mambu ◽  
Pieter L. Suling ◽  
Aurelia S. R. Supit
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Control Study

Abstract: Smokers can be found in almost all groups of people worldwide since cigarettes can be obtained easily anywhere and have been addicted by adult smokers. Leukoedema is one of the lesions in oral cavity that most often appears in smokers. This study was aimed to obtain the description of leukoedema cases among smokers. This was a literature review study. This study used previous studies or reports related to leukoedema in smokers. There were 13 literatures in this study consisting of 9 cross-sectional studies, 3 cohort studies, and 1 case control study. The results showed that leukoedema lesions were more common in smokers than in those who consumed tobacco. Leukoedema was closely related to the duration of smoking and the frequency of smoking in a day. Leukoedema was also more common in men than in women, and was often found bilaterally on the buccal mucosa. In conclusion, leucoedema was most common in cigarette smokers and was related to duration of smoking, frequency of smoking per day, and sex. It was often found bilaterally on the buccal mucosa.Keywords: smokers, leukoedema Abstrak: Perokok ditemukan pada hampir semua kelompok masyarakat di dunia. Leukoedema merupakan salah satu lesi dalam rongga mulut yang paling sering muncul pada perokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran leukoedema pada perokok. Jenis penelitian ialah studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan topik terkait leukoedema pada perokok dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya. Pustaka yang diulas dan dipelajari dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 13 pustaka, terdiri dari 9 cross-sectional study, 3 cohort study, dan 1 case control study. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa lesi leukoedema lebih sering ditemukan pada perokok dibandingkan yang tidak merokok meskipun mengonsumsi tembakau. Leukoedema erat hubungannya dengan lama kebiasaan merokok dan frekuensi merokok yang dilakukan dalam sehari. Leukoedema juga lebih sering ditemukan pada laki-laki dibandingkan perempuan, dan sering ditemukan pada mukosa bukal secara bilateral. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah leukoedema sering didapatkan pada perokok dan berhubungan erat dengan kebiasaan merokok, frekuensi merokok, jenis kelamin, dengan lokasi mukosa bukal bilateral.Kata kunci: perokok, leukoedema

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Discoid Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional, Case-Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Akarsu ◽  
Ozlem Ozbagcivan ◽  
Fatma Semiz ◽  
Sebnem Aktan
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

Although it is known that systemic form of lupus erythematosus (LE) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are frequently observed together, there are no published reports on MetS in patients with skin-restricted LE. We aimed to compare the frequencies of MetS and its components in discoid LE (DLE) with the non-DLE control group. Additionally, we intended to determine the differences of sociodemographic and clinical data of the DLE patients with MetS compared to the patients without MetS. This was a cross-sectional, case-control study, including 60 patients with DLE and 82 age- and gender-matched control subjects. In DLE group, the presence of MetS was observed as more frequent (48.3% versus 24.4%, p=0.003), and hypertriglyceridemia (43.3% versus 22.0%, p=0.006) and reduced HDL-cholesterol (61.7% versus 23.2%, p<0.001) among the MetS components were found significantly higher when compared to the control group. DLE patients with MetS were at older age (50.45±11.49 versus 43.06±12.09, p=0.02), and hypertension, hyperlipidemia/dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease histories were observed at a higher ratio when compared to the patients without MetS. Between the DLE patients with and without MetS, no significant difference was observed in terms of clinical characteristics of DLE. Moreover, further large case-control studies with follow-up periods would be required to clearly assess the impact of MetS on the clinical outcomes of DLE.

scholarly journals Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tuberculosis Multidrug Resistance (TB MDR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trivianto G. Bawonte ◽  
Christi D. Mambo ◽  
Angelina S. R. Masengi
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Control Study

Abstract: Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to the first line of antituberculosis drugs are rifampicin and isoniazid. Globally, in 2017 there were around 558.000 new cases (range, 483.000-639.000) resistant TB rifampicin (TB RR), nearly half of which were in three counties, India (24%), China (13%), and Rusia (10%). WHO estimates that there are 23.000 cases of MDR/RR in Indonesia. In 2017, there were 442.000 TB cases recorded in the program, of which an estimated 8.600-15.000 MDR/RR TB cases. The research to determine the factors that influence Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis (MDR TB).this type of research is in the form of literature review with design of case control study and cross sectional study. The results showed that the risk factors were proven to influence the occurrence (MDR TB). The conclusion from 15 articles reviewed, it shows that age, gender, treatment irregularity and medication adherence are the most influencing factors for TB MDR.Keywords: Factors, TB MDR, multidrug resistance tuberculosis  Abstrak: Tuberculosis Multidrug Resistance (TB MDR) merupakan resistensi Mycobacterium tuberculosis terhadap jenis Obat Anti Tuberkulosis (OAT) lini pertama yaitu rifampisin dan isoniazid. Di tingkat global, di tahun 2017 terdapat sekitar 558.000 kasus baru (rentang, 483.000 - 639.000) TB rifampisin (TB RR) resistan di mana hampir separuhnya ada di tiga negara yaitu India (24%), China (13%), dan Rusia (10%). WHO memperkirakan ada 23.000 kasus MDR/RR di Indonesia. Pada tahun 2017 kasus TB yang tercatat di program ada sejumlah 442.000 kasus yang mana dari kasus tersebut diperkirakan ada 8.600-15.000 MDR/RR TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Tuberculosis Multidrug Resistance (TB MDR). Jenis penelitian ini berbentuk literature Review dengan rancangan case control study dan cross sectional study. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko terbukti mempengaruhi terjadinya (TB MDR). simpulan dari 15 artikel yang di review, menunjukkan bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, ketidakteraturan berobat, dan kepatuhan minum obat merupakan faktor yang paling mempengaruhi terjadinyaTB MDR.Kata Kunci : Faktor – faktor, TB MDR, factors, multidrug tuberculosis

MP25-16 THE IMPACT OF SERUM DYSLIPIDEMIA STATUS ON STONE FORMATION AND RECURRENCE: CROSS-SECTIONAL AND CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2014 ◽  
Vol 191 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Joong Yun ◽  
Young-Won Kim ◽  
Phildu Jeong ◽  
Hoon Jang ◽  
Won Tae Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Kebiasaan Merokok dan Terjadinya Smoker’s Melanosis

e-GIGI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iin Revien ◽  
Aurelia S. R. Supit ◽  
Pritartha S. Anindita
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Smoking Duration ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Abstract: Smoking can lead to a variety of systemic diseases as well as abnormal signs in the oral cavity inter alia smoker’s melanosis. This study was aimed to obtain the description of smoking habit and the occurrence of smoker’s melanosis in general viewed from three smoking indicators, as follows: frequency of smoking, duration of smoking, and types of cigarettes. This was a literature review study. There were 22 literatures consisting of 20 cross sectional studies dan 2 case control studies. The results showed that smoker’s melanosis was more frequent in smokers than in non smokers. Based on the frequency of smoking, smoker’s melanosis was most frequent in heavy smokers, followed by moderate smokers, and light smokers. Based on the duration of smoking, smoker’s melanosis was most frequent in 10-year smokers, followed by 5-to-10-year smokers, and less-than-five-year smokers. Based on the types of cigarettes, smoker’s melanosis was most frequent in smokers of clove/non filter cigarette, followed by smokers of white/filter cigarette, and smokers of both types of cigarette. In conclusion, smoker’s melanosis was more frequent in smokers than in non smokers. The majority of cases were heavy smokers, had duration of smoking more than 10 years, and the type of cigarette consumed was clove/non filter cigarette.Keywords: cigarettes, smoker’s melanosis. Abstrak: Merokok dapat berdampak buruk bagi kesehatan. Berbagai penyakit sistemik di dalam tubuh dan tanda abnormal di rongga mulut dapat diakibatkan kebiasaan merokok, salah satunya smoker’s melanosis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kebiasaan merokok dan terjadinya smoker’s melanosis secara umum dilihat dari tiga indikator merokok, yaitu frekuensi merokok, durasi merokok, dan jenis rokok. Jenis penelitian ini ialah studi pustaka. Pustaka yang digunakan berjumlah 22 buah, terdiri dari 20 cross sectional study dan 2 case control study. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa smoker’s melanosis lebih banyak ditemukan pada individu yang merokok dibandingkan dengan yang tidak merokok. Berdasarkan frekuensi merokok, smoker’s melanosis paling banyak ditemukan pada perokok berat, diikuti perokok sedang, dan perokok ringan. Berdasarkan durasi merokok, smoker’s melanosis paling banyak ditemukan pada perokok dengan durasi >10 tahun, diikuti durasi 5-10 tahun, dan durasi <5 tahun. Berdasarkan jenis rokok, smoker’s melanosis paling banyak ditemukan pada perokok dengan jenis rokok kretek/non filter/sigaret kretek, diikuti perokok dengan jenis rokok putih/filter, dan perokok dengan jenis keduanya. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah smoker’s melanosis lebih banyak ditemukan pada perokok dibandingkan dengan yang bukan perokok, Mayoritas kasus ialah perokok berat, durasi merokok >10 tahun, dan mengonsumsi jenis rokok kretek/non filter/sigaret kretek.Kata kunci: kebiasaan merokok, smoker’s melanosis

Maternal-Fetal Management in Trombophilia Related and Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2396-2401
Author(s):  
Costin Berceanu ◽  
Elena Loredana Ciurea ◽  
Monica Mihaela Cirstoiu ◽  
Sabina Berceanu ◽  
Anca Maria Ofiteru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
Pregnancy Morbidity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

It is widely accepted that thrombophilia in pregnancy greatly increases the risk of venous thromboembolism. Pregnancy complications arise, at least partly, from placental insufficiency. Any change in the functioning of the gestational transient biological system, such as inherited or acquired thrombophilia, might lead to placental insufficiency. In this research we included 64 pregnant women with trombophilia and 70 cases non-trombophilic pregnant women, with or without PMPC, over a two-year period. The purpose of this multicenter case-control study is to analyze the maternal-fetal management options in obstetric thrombophilia, the impact of this pathology on the placental structure and possible correlations with placenta-mediated pregnancy complications. Maternal-fetal management in obstetric thrombophilia means preconceptional or early diagnosis, prevention of pregnancy morbidity, specific therapy as quickly as possible and fetal systematic surveilance to identify the possible occurrence of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Balance Impairment and Factors Associated with Balance among Patients with Stroke. A Cross Sectional Retrospective Case Control Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Fayaz Khan ◽  
Mohamed Faisal Chevidikunnan
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Balance Impairment ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide, and balance impairments are common disabling factors in patients with stroke, leading to falls. Thus, the study objectives were as follows: (i) To find the prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke. (ii) To find out the factors associated with balance impairment in patients with stroke. This cross-sectional retrospective case control study involved eighty-one post stroke patients with a mean age of 58.36 ± 14.06, recruited from six hospitals, who underwent an assessment of balance, walking speed, depression and isometric strength of the ankle and knee. These patients were later categorized into subjects with good balance (<45) in the Berg balance scale (BBS) and those with poor balance (≥45), as cases and controls, to assess the factors associated with balance impairment using binary logistic regression. The prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke was 48.1%. The reduction in power of knee flexors (OR = 0.858), knee extensors (OR = 0.880) and ankle dorsiflexors (OR = 0.820) was found to be significantly associated with balance impairment, along with speed (OR = 1.187 (95% CI = 1.100, 1.280)), depression (OR = 1.331 (95% CI = 1.055–1.679)) and activities of daily living (OR = 0.313 (95% CI = 0.150–0.650)). In summary, around half of the patients with stroke exhibited balance impairments, with females being more prone.

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