COMPARISON BETWEEN IN VITRO TOXICITY OF TWO NOVEL FIBROUS MINERAL DUSTS AND THEIR TISSUE REACTIONS IN VIVO

1976 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Dusts ◽  
Fibrous Mineral ◽  
Tissue Reactions

scholarly journals Local Immune Responses to Chlamydia pneumoniae in the Lungs of BALB/c Mice during Primary Infection and Reinfection

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 5113-5118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenni M. Penttilä ◽  
Marjukka Anttila ◽  
Mirja Puolakkainen ◽  
Aino Laurila ◽  
Kari Varkila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Infection ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Tissue Reactions

ABSTRACT Cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses play a major role in protection as well as pathogenesis of many intracellular bacterial infections. In this study, we evaluated the infection kinetics and assessed histologically the lymphoid reactions and local, in vitro-restimulated CMI responses in lungs of BALB/c mice, during both primary infection and reinfection with Chlamydia pneumoniae. The primary challenge resulted in a self-restricted infection with elimination of culturable bacteria by day 27 after challenge. A mild lymphoid reaction characterized the pathology in the lungs. In vitro CMI responses consisted of a weak proliferative response and no secretion of gamma interferon (IFN-γ). The number of lung-derived mononuclear cells increased substantially during the primary infection; the largest relative increase was observed in B cells (B220+). After reinfection, the number of lung-derived mononuclear cells increased further, and the response consisted mainly of T cells. The reinfection was characterized in vivo by significant protection from infection (fewer cultivable bacteria in the lungs for a shorter period of time) but increased local lymphoid reaction at the infection site. In vitro, as opposed to the response in naive mice, acquired immunity was characterized by a strongly Th1-biased (IFN-γ) CMI response. These results suggest that repeated infections with C. pneumoniae may induce Th1-type responses with similar associated tissue reactions, as shown in C. trachomatis infection models.

scholarly journals In Vitro Physico-Chemical Characterization and Standardized In Vivo Evaluation of Biocompatibility of a New Synthetic Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Lívia da Costa Pereira ◽  
Carlos Fernando de Almeida Barros Mourão ◽  
Adriana Terezinha Neves Novellino Alves ◽  
Rodrigo Figueiredo de Brito Resende ◽  
Marcelo José Pinheiro Guedes de Uzeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Tissue Reactions

This study’s aim was to evaluate the biocompatibility and bioabsorption of a new membrane for guided bone regeneration (polylactic-co-glycolic acid associated with hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate) with three thicknesses (200, 500, and 700 µm) implanted in mice subcutaneously. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the quantification of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen were used to characterize the physico-chemical properties. One hundred Balb-C mice were divided into 5 experimental groups: Group 1—Sham (without implantation); Group 2—200 μm; Group 3—500 μm; Group 4—700 μm; and Group 5—Pratix®. Each group was subdivided into four experimental periods (7, 30, 60 and 90 days). Samples were collected and processed for histological and histomorphometrical evaluation. The membranes showed no moderate or severe tissue reactions during the experimental periods studied. The 500-μm membrane showed no tissue reaction during any experimental period. The 200-μm membrane began to exhibit fragmentation after 30 days, while the 500-μm and 700-µm membranes began fragmentation at 90 days. All membranes studied were biocompatible and the 500 µm membrane showed the best results for absorption and tissue reaction, indicating its potential for clinical guided bone regeneration.

Natural Poly(Hydroxybutyrate-Hydroxyvalerate) Polymers as Degradable Biomatertals.

1995 ◽  
Vol 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Chaput ◽  
L'Hocine Yahia ◽  
Amine Selmani ◽  
Charles-Hilaire Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Accelerated Degradation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Degradable Biomaterials ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Toxic Responses

AbstractPoly(ß-hydroxybutyrate-co-13-hydroxyvalerate) have been recently proposed as degradable biomaterials for drug delivery systems, sutures, bone plates and short-term implants. Three P-B\HV (7, 14 & 22 % HV) films were analyzed for in vitro cytotoxicity and aqueous accelerated degradation, in vivo degradation and tissue reactions. The PHB/HV materials and extracts elicit few or mild toxic responses, do not lead in vivo to tissue necrosis or abscess formation, but provoke acute inflammatory reactions slightly decreasing with the time. The degradation of PHB/HV polymers present low rates in vitro as well as in vivo. The weight loss rate generally increases with the copolymer composition (HV content) and ranges from 0.15- 0.30 (in vitro) to 0.25 %/day (in vivo). Compositional and physico-chemical changes in PHB/HV materials were rapidly detected during the accelerated hydrolysis, but were much slower to appear in vivo. The structural and mechanical integrity of PHB/HV materials tend to disappear early in vitro as well as in vivo. After 90 wks in dorsal muscular tissues of adult sheep, there was no significant dissolution of the PHB/HV polymer, 50–60% of the initial weight still remaining. PHB/HV polymers are biodegradable materials, either by hydrolysis or implantation, but with extremely low dissolution or degradation rates.

Biocompatibility and biodegradability of implantable drug delivery matrices based on novel poly(decane-co-tricarballylate) photocured elastomers

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Shaker ◽  
Noriko Daneshtalab ◽  
Jules J.E. Doré ◽  
Husam M. Younes
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Tissue Reactions

Visible light photo-cross-linked biodegradable amorphous elastomers based on poly(decane- co-tricarballylate) (PDET) with different cross-linking densities were synthesized, and their cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability were reported. Cytotoxicity of PDET extracts of the elastomers was assessed for mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase activity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay) and inhibition of [3H] thymidine incorporation into DNA of epithelial cells. The in vivo biocompatibility and biodegradability were determined by subcutaneous implantation of PDET microcylinders in 25 male Sprague–Dawley rats over a period of 12 weeks. The in vivo changes in physical and mechanical parameters of the implants were compared with those observed in vitro. The treated epithelial cells revealed no signs of cytotoxicity, and the elastomer degradation products caused only a slight stimulation to both mitochondrial activity and DNA replication. The implants did not exhibit any macroscopic signs of inflammation or adverse tissue reactions at implant retrieval sites. The retrieved implanted microcylinders maintained their original geometry and extensibility in a manner similar to those observed in vitro. These new elastomers have excellent biocompatibility and are considered promising biomaterials for controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals The Addition of High Doses of Hyaluronic Acid to a Biphasic Bone Substitute Decreases the Proinflammatory Tissue Response

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Sieger ◽  
Tadas Korzinskas ◽  
Ole Jung ◽  
Sanja Stojanovic ◽  
Sabine Wenisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Bone Substitute ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
L929 Cells ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Inflammatory Macrophages

Biphasic bone substitutes (BBS) are currently well-established biomaterials. Through their constant development, even natural components like hyaluronic acid (HY) have been added to improve both their handling and also their regenerative properties. However, little knowledge exists regarding the consequences of the addition of HY to their biocompatibility and the inflammatory tissue reactions. Thus, the present study was conducted, aiming to analyze the influence of two different amounts of high molecular weight HY (HMWHY), combined with a BBS, on in vitro biocompatibility and in vivo tissue reaction. Established in vitro procedures, using L929 cells, were used for cytocompatibility analyses under the test conditions of DIN EN:ISO 10993-5. For the in vivo part of the study, calvarial defects were created in 20 Wistar rats and subsequently filled with BBS, and BBS combined with two different HMWHY amounts, i.e., BBS + HY(L) and BBS + HY(H). As controls, empty defects were used. Established histological, immunohistochemical, and histomorphometrical methods were applied to analyze the tissue reactions to the three different materials, including the induction of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (BMGCs). The in vitro results showed that none of the materials or compositions caused biological damage to the L929 cells and can be considered to be non-toxic. The in vivo results showed that only the addition of high doses of HY to a biphasic bone substitute significantly decreases the occurrence of pro-inflammatory macrophages (* p < 0.05), comparable to the numbers found in the control group, while no significant differences within the three study groups for M2-macrophages nor BMGCs were detected. In conclusion, the addition of different amounts of HMWHY does not seem to affect the inflammation response to BBS, while improving the material handling properties.

In Vitro and In Vivo Surface Reactivity of Various Calcium Phosphate Coatings Deposited Using Electrostatic Spray Deposition (ESD)

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 607-610
Author(s):  
Sander C.G. Leeuwenburgh ◽  
Joop G.C. Wolke ◽  
M.C. Siebers ◽  
J. Schoonman ◽  
John A. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Phosphate Coatings ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Coatings

The dissolution and precipitation behavior of various porous, ESD-derived calcium phosphate coatings was investigated a) in vitro after soaking in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for several time periods (2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks), and b) in vivo after subcutaneous implantation in the back of goats for identical time periods. At the end of these studies, the physicochemical properties of the coated substrates were characterized by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), XRay Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Moreover, part of the implants was prepared for light microscopical evaluation of the tissue response. In vitro, a highly bioactive behavior was observed for all ESD-coatings, characterized by the deposition of a thick and homogeneous carbonate hydroxyapatite precipitation layer on top of the porous coatings. Regarding the in vivo study, no adverse tissue reactions (toxic effects/inflammatory cells) were observed using light microscopy, and all coatings became surrounded by a thin, dense fibrous tissue capsule after implantation. The ESD-coatings degraded gradually at a dissolution rate depending on the specific chemical phase, thereby enabling synthesis of CaP coatings with a tailored degradation rate.

Insulin Derived Fibrils Induce Cytotoxicity in vitro and Trigger Inflammation in Murine Models

2021 ◽  
pp. 193229682110338
Author(s):  
Brianne E. Lewis ◽  
Adam Mulka ◽  
Li Mao ◽  
Roshanak Sharafieh ◽  
Yi Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Air Pouch ◽  
Tissue Reactions ◽  
And Function ◽  
Air Pouch Model ◽  
Insulin Fibrils

Background: Effective exogenous insulin delivery is the cornerstone of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus management. Recent literature indicates that commercial insulin-induced tissue reaction and cellular cytotoxicity may contribute to variability in blood glucose as well as permanent loss of injection or infusion site architecture and function. It is well accepted that insulin formulations are susceptible to mechanical and chemical stresses that lead to insulin fibril formation. This study aims to characterize in vitro and in vivo toxicity, as well as pro-inflammatory activity of insulin fibrils. Method: In vitro cell culture evaluated cytotoxicity and fibril uptake by macrophages and our modified murine air-pouch model quantified inflammatory activity. The latter employed FLOW cytometry and histopathology to characterize fibril-induced inflammation in vivo, which included fibril uptake by inflammatory phagocytes. Results: These studies demonstrated that insulin derived fibrils are cytotoxic to cells in vitro. Furthermore, inflammation is induced in the murine air-pouch model in vivo and in response, macrophages uptake fibrils both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: Administration of insulin fibrils can lead to cytotoxicity in macrophages. In vivo data demonstrate insulin fibrils to be pro-inflammatory which over time can lead to cumulative cell/tissue toxicity, inflammation, and destructive wound healing. Long term, these tissue reactions could contribute to loss of insulin injection site architecture and function.

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