scholarly journals A-150 Motor Sequencing Training Improved Executive Abilities in a Boy with Rolandic Epilepsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 944-944
Author(s):  
Kiseleva N ◽  
Kiselev S
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Rolandic Epilepsy ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Therapy Sessions ◽  
Executive Abilities

Abstract Objective It is known that children with epilepsy can have deficit in neurocognitive abilities. It is of great significance to receive the evidence for efficiency of different treatments that are aimed to help children with epilepsy. The goal of this study was to reveal the impact of 12 weeks of motor sequencing training on the executive abilities in a child with Rolandic epilepsy. Methods The child is 7 year old boy. The neuropsychological assessment of child has revealed the mild deficit in executive abilities. Child participated in 12 weeks of motor sequencing training. A total of 36 therapy sessions lasting 50 minutes were performed.This therapy trains the child to plan, sequence and process information more effectively through repetition of goal-directed movements. This programme is built on the conceptual framework derived from the work of Luria’s theory of restoration of neurocognitive functions (Luria, 1963, 1974). Results Neuropsychological assessment (NEPSY) of child after the intervention period has revealed apparent progress in performance of 4 subtests which are designed to assess executive abilities and attention (Tower, Auditory Attention and Response Set, Visual Attention, Statue). Conclusion According to result of this case report it can be assumed that motor sequencing training can be used as a prospective treatment approach for development of executive abilities in children with Rolandic epilepsy.

scholarly journals A-149 Boy with Rolandic Epilepsy Benefited from Visuospatial Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 943-943
Author(s):  
Kiseleva N ◽  
Kiselev S
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Rolandic Epilepsy ◽  
Visuospatial Abilities ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
Visuospatial Functions ◽  
Neuropsychological Assessment Battery ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Therapy Sessions

Abstract Objective Children with epilepsy can have delay in the development of neurocognitive abilities. It is important to receive the evidence for efficiency of different treatments that are aimed to help children with epilepsy. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of 16 weeks of visuospatial training on the visuospatial abilities in 7 years of age child with Rolandic epilepsy. Methods The child is 7 year old boy with Rolandic epilepsy. The neuropsychological assessment of child has revealed the deficit in visuospatial abilities. Child participated in 16 weeks of visuospatial training. A total of 42 therapy sessions lasting 50 minutes were performed. This training trains the child to do different visuospatial exercises both on motor and cognitive level. This training is built on the conceptual framework derived from the work of Luria’s theory of restoration of neurocognitive functions (Luria, 1963, 1974). Results Neuropsychological assessment of child after the intervention period has revealed apparent progress in performance of 3 subtests from Luria’s neuropsychological assessment battery for children which designed to asses visuospatial functions (Head subtest, mental rotation, design copying). Conclusion According to result of this case report it can be assumed that visuospatial training can be used as a prospective approach for development of visuospatial functions in children with Rolandic epilepsy. However, we need to prove this result using visuospatial training for children with Rolandic epilepsy who suffer from deficit in visuospatial abilities.

scholarly journals A-054 Deficit in Custained Attention in Children Born with Hypoxic-ischaemic Encephalopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 844-844
Author(s):  
Mirzajonova E ◽  
Kiselev S
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Sustained Attention ◽  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Response Set ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Control ◽  
Executive Abilities

Abstract Objective There are evidences that children, born with Hypoxic-ischaemic Encephalopathy (HIE), have a delay in the development of neurocognitive functions, specifically they have a deficit in executive abilities. Do they have global or specific deficit in executive abilities? The goal of this research was to examine the hypothesis that children, born with HIE, have a deficit in sustained attention. Methods The experimental group included 20 children aged 5-6 years (mean age = 5.7). They were born full-term with perinatal Hypoxic-ischaemic Encephalopathy. The control group included 20 typically developing children. The children from experimental and control group were matched for gender and age. Children from both groups were assessed with 4 subtests from NEPSY (Tower, Auditory Attention and Response Set, Visual Attention, Statue) which are designed to assess the executive abilities in children. Results One-way ANOVA has revealed group differences (p < .05) in two subtests from NEPSY. Children with perinatal HIE have shown the weaknesses in performing Auditory Attention and Response Set and Visual Attention subtest. We did not reveal the significant differences (p < .05) in performing Tower and Statue subtest. Conclusion In view of the obtained results it can be assumed that the Hypoxic-ischaemic Encephalopathy has a specific (not global) negative effect on the development of executive abilities, particularly children with perinatal HIE have a deficit in sustained attention at the age of 5-6 years.

scholarly journals Improved Nutrition Knowledge and Practice through Intensive Nutrition Education: A Study among Caregivers of Mildly Wasted Children on Nias Island, Indonesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyah Ayu Inayati ◽  
Veronika Scherbaum ◽  
Ratna Chrismiari Purwestri ◽  
Nia Novita Wirawan ◽  
Julia Suryantan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Nutrition Education Program ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

Background Inappropriate nutrition knowledge and feeding practices of caregivers are among several important causes of persistent malnutrition problems in young children. Thus, it is essential to provide caregivers with the necessary knowledge to help them modify their feeding practices. Objective To examine the effectiveness of two different nutrition education methods, weekly intensive nutrition education (INE) and monthly nonintensive nutrition education (NNE), designed for caregivers of mildly wasted children (weight-for-height z-score ≥ −1.5 to < −1) aged ≥ 6 to < 60 months on Nias Island, Indonesia. Methods To assess the impact of the two different nutrition education approaches on nutrition knowledge and practice of caregivers with their children, respondents were assigned to receive either weekly INE ( n = 114) or monthly NNE ( n = 96). The knowledge and practice levels of the mothers in each group were assessed and compared using a pretested validated questionnaire at admission and after the intervention period. Results At admission, the knowledge and practice levels of caregivers in both groups were not statistically significantly different. After participating in the nutrition education program, the percentage of correct answers on nutrition knowledge and practice in the INE group was significantly higher than that in the NNE group. Significant improvement in knowledge and practice scores was observed in the INE group after the intervention ( p < 0.001), whereas only a significant improvement in knowledge was found in the NNE group ( p < .05). Conclusions In comparison with NNE, the INE approach was significantly better in bringing about a positive change in knowledge and practice of caregivers of mildly wasted children in the study area.

scholarly journals A-154 Children with Hyperactive–Impulsive Disorder Benefit from Yoga Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-948
Author(s):  
Mirzajonova E ◽  
Kiselev S
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Auditory Attention ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Response Set ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Executive Abilities

Abstract Objective It is known that children with hyperactive–impulsive disorder have deficit in executive abilities. The gaol of this study was to reveal effect of yoga training on executive abilities in 8–9 years of age children with hyperactive–impulsive disorder. We compared the efficacy of two methods of training (yoga training vs. conventional motor exercises) in a randomized controlled pilot study. Methods 18 children with hyperactive–impulsive disorder at the age of 8–9 years were included and randomly assigned to treatment conditions according to a 2 × 2 crossover design. Children from intervention group participated in 12 weeks of yoga training that included body-oriented activity and breathing exercises. To assess the executive functions we used 3 subtests from NEPSY (Auditory Attention and Response Set, Visual Attention, Statue). Effects of training were analyzed by means of an ANOVA for repeated measurements. Results The ANOVA has revealed (p &lt; .05) that for all used subtests (Auditory Attention and Response Set, Visual Attention, Statue) the yoga training was superior to the conventional motor training, with effect sizes in the medium-to-high range (0.43–0.88). Conclusions The findings from this pilot study suggest that yoga training have positive effect on executive abilities in children with hyperactive–impulsive disorder. It influences predominantly the selective and sustained attention, inhibition, monitoring, and self-regulation. However, it is necessary to do further research into the impact of yoga exercises on the prevention and treatment of hyperactive–impulsive disorder in children.

scholarly journals A-151 Boy with Hemorrhagic Stroke in the Right Fronto-Parieto-Temporal Area Benefited from Visuospatial Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 945-945
Author(s):  
Kiselev S
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Neurological Injury ◽  
Cognitive Level ◽  
Temporal Area ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Visuospatial Abilities ◽  
Neurocognitive Functions ◽  
The Right

Abstract Objective It is known that stroke has a devastating power for the future of child. The aim of this study is to describe the visuospatial training findings of a child with hemorrhagic stroke in the right fronto-parieto-temporal area, showing the progress after 8 months of therapy initiated early after acquired neurological injury. Method Boy of 8 years suffered a sudden illness and was referred to the emergency hospital and diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke in the right fronto-parieto-temporal area. Surgical procedures were performed. At the time of hospital discharge, there was guidance about the need for therapy care. Neuropsychological assessment revealed the severe deficit in visuospatial abilities in this child. A total of 62 visuospatial training sessions lasting 50 minutes were performed for 8 months. This therapy trains the child to do different visuospatial exercises both on motor and cognitive level. This training is built on the conceptual framework derived from the work of Luria’s theory of restoration of neurocognitive functions (Luria, 1963, 1974). Results Neuropsychological assessment of child has revealed apparent progress in performance of 4 subtests which are designed to assess visuospatial abilities (copying of a table, mental rotation task, Head subtest, reconstruction of 3-dimensional designs). Conclusion According to result of this case report it can be assumed that visuospatial training can be used as a prospective treatment approach for children with stroke which case deficit in the visuospatial abilities.

58 Use of Abdominal Wall or Sucutaneous Drain to Reduce the Risk of Surgical Site Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Mistry ◽  
B Woolner ◽  
A John
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Open Cholecystectomy ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Local Evidence ◽  
Audit Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

Abstract Introduction Open abdominal surgery confers potentially greater risk of surgical site infections, and local evidence suggests use of drains can reduce this. Our objectives were: Assessing local rates and risk factors of infections and if use of drains can reduce the rates of infections. Method Retrospectively looking from 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2018, at patients following laparotomy or open cholecystectomy. Data collection on demographics, smoking/alcohol status, heart, respiratory or renal disease or diabetes, steroid use and CEPOD status, as well as use of drain and the outcome of infection using inpatient and online patient records. Results 84 patients included, 25 had drains inserted. There were 13 documented cases of surgical site infection, all of whom had no drain post-op. Other parameters shown to be most prevalent in the patients with a surgical site infection include being current/ex-smoker (8/13), having heart disease (9/13), and elective procedures. Conclusions Aiming to reduce the risk of surgical site infections can improve morbidity and potentially mortality outcomes. Our audit data showed that there appears to be a benefit of inserting intra-abdominal or subcutaneous drains. We will create a standard operating procedure of all patient to receive drains post-op and then re-audit to assess the impact this has on infection rates.

scholarly journals Ethnicity and outcomes in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 infection in East London: an observational cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e042140
Author(s):  
Vanessa J Apea ◽  
Yize I Wan ◽  
Rageshri Dhairyawan ◽  
Zudin A Puthucheary ◽  
Rupert M Pearse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Death ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Organ Support ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Black Patients ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

ObjectiveTo describe outcomes within different ethnic groups of a cohort of hospitalised patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection. To quantify and describe the impact of a number of prognostic factors, including frailty and inflammatory markers.SettingFive acute National Health Service Hospitals in east London.DesignProspectively defined observational study using registry data.Participants1737 patients aged 16 years or over admitted to hospital with confirmed COVID-19 infection between 1 January and 13 May 2020.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was 30-day mortality from time of first hospital admission with COVID-19 diagnosis during or prior to admission. Secondary outcomes were 90-day mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ICU and hospital length of stay and type and duration of organ support. Multivariable survival analyses were adjusted for potential confounders.Results1737 were included in our analysis of whom 511 had died by day 30 (29%). 538 (31%) were from Asian, 340 (20%) black and 707 (40%) white backgrounds. Compared with white patients, those from minority ethnic backgrounds were younger, with differing comorbidity profiles and less frailty. Asian and black patients were more likely to be admitted to ICU and to receive invasive ventilation (OR 1.54, (95% CI 1.06 to 2.23); p=0.023 and OR 1.80 (95% CI 1.20 to 2.71); p=0.005, respectively). After adjustment for age and sex, patients from Asian (HR 1.49 (95% CI 1.19 to 1.86); p<0.001) and black (HR 1.30 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.65); p=0.036) backgrounds were more likely to die. These findings persisted across a range of risk factor-adjusted analyses accounting for major comorbidities, obesity, smoking, frailty and ABO blood group.ConclusionsPatients from Asian and black backgrounds had higher mortality from COVID-19 infection despite controlling for all previously identified confounders and frailty. Higher rates of invasive ventilation indicate greater acute disease severity. Our analyses suggest that patients of Asian and black backgrounds suffered disproportionate rates of premature death from COVID-19.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Clinical Outcomes after Introduction of a Dedicated Infectious Diseases- Critical Care Medicine Service in Critical Care Units

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polina Trachuk ◽  
Vagish Hemmige ◽  
Ruth Eisenberg ◽  
Kelsie Cowman ◽  
Victor Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Critical Care Medicine ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Broad Spectrum Antibiotics ◽  
Antibiotic Utilization ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective Infection is a leading cause of admission to intensive care units (ICU), with critically ill patients often receiving empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics. Nevertheless, a dedicated infectious diseases (ID) consultation and stewardship team is not routinely established. An ID-Critical Care Medicine (ID-CCM) pilot program was designed at a 400-bed tertiary care hospital in which an ID attending was assigned to participate in daily rounds with the ICU team, as well as provide ID consultation on select patients. We sought to evaluate the impact of this dedicated ID program on antibiotic utilization and clinical outcomes in patients admitted to the ICU. Method In this single site retrospective study, we analyzed antibiotic utilization and clinical outcomes in patients admitted to an ICU during post-intervention period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017 and compared it to antibiotic utilization in the same ICUs during the pre-intervention period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. Results Our data showed a statistically significant reduction in usage of most frequently prescribed antibiotics including vancomycin, piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime during the intervention period. When compared to pre-intervention period there was no difference in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay and re-admission. Conclusion With this multidisciplinary intervention, we saw a decrease in the use of the most frequently prescribed broad-spectrum antibiotics without a negative impact on clinical outcomes. Our study shows that the implementation of an ID-CCM service is a feasible way to promote antibiotic stewardship in the ICU and can be used as a strategy to reduce unnecessary patient exposure to broad-spectrum agents.

scholarly journals Use of Anti-Cytokine Therapy in Kidney Transplant Recipients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1551
Author(s):  
Marta Bodro ◽  
Frederic Cofan ◽  
Jose Ríos ◽  
Sabina Herrera ◽  
Laura Linares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Kidney Recipients ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Statistical Effect ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive

In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we aimed to evaluate the impact of anti-cytokine therapies (AT) in kidney transplant recipients requiring hospitalization due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. This is an observational retrospective study, which included patients from March to May 2020. An inverse probability of treatment weighting from a propensity score to receive AT was used in all statistical analyses, and we applied a bootstrap procedure in order to calculate an estimation of the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of odds ratio (OR). outcomes were measured using an ordinal scale determination (OSD). A total of 33 kidney recipients required hospitalization and 54% of them received at least one AT, mainly tocilizumab (42%), followed by anakinra (12%). There was no statistical effect in terms of intensive care unit (ICU) admission, respiratory secondary infections (35% vs. 7%) or mortality (16% vs. 13%) comparing patients that received AT with those who did not. Nevertheless, patients who received AT presented better outcomes during hospitalization in terms of OSD ≥5 ((OR 0.31; 2.5th, 97.5th percentiles (0.10; 0.72)). These analyses indicate, as a plausible hypothesis, that the use of AT in kidney transplant recipients presenting with COVID-19 could be beneficial, even though multicenter randomized control trials using these therapies in transplanted patients are needed.

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