B-80 * The Relationship between WAIS-IV Perceptual Reasoning and Processing Speed Indices to Driving Tickets/Violations

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 566-567
Author(s):  
J. Messerly ◽  
J. Link ◽  
S. Coad ◽  
H. Hayhurst ◽  
C. Golden
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Perceptual Reasoning ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Relationship between fractional anisotropy and neuropsychological evaluation in sports-related concussion

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (23 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S17.1-S17
Author(s):  
Haruo Nakayama ◽  
Yu Hiramoto ◽  
Yuriko Numata ◽  
Satoshi Fujita ◽  
Nozomi Hirai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Mri ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluation ◽  
Neuropsychological Function ◽  
Significant Fluctuation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between functional anisotropy (FA) and neuropsychological evaluation in concussion.MethodsDiffusion tensor MRI included FA of the Brain and neuropsychological evaluation were conducted on 10 patients with concussion who were diagnosed from April 2017 to March 2018. FA was extracted from 2 regions of interest in Corpus callosum (CC) and corticospinal tract (CT). Detailed neuropsychological testing with an emphasis on Working memory (WM) and Processing speed (PS) was also conducted. The FA value in that 2 regions were compared between the 2 groups of 5 patients (group F) who failed either in WM or PS and 5 cases (group NF) who did not admit it.ResultsMean FA values in CC and CT in the Group F were 0.70 and 0.52. Mean FA values in CC and CT in the Group NF were 0.48 and 0.55.ConclusionsOur result suggests that the FA value of CC did not explain the significant fluctuation of the neuropsychological function. However, FA value in CT were shown to explain the fluctuation of WM and PS.

scholarly journals QOL-01. LONGITUDINAL COMPARISON OF NEUROCOGNITIVE TRAJECTORIES IN PEDIATRIC MEDULLOBLASTOMA PATIENTS TREATED WITH PROTON VERSUS PHOTON RADIOTHERAPY

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii431-iii431
Author(s):  
Lisa Kahalley ◽  
Rachel Peterson ◽  
M Douglas Ris ◽  
Laura Janzen ◽  
M Fatih Okcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Pediatric Medulloblastoma ◽  
Boost Dose ◽  
Perceptual Reasoning ◽  
Photon Radiotherapy ◽  
Over Time

Abstract PURPOSE By reducing dose to normal brain tissue, proton radiotherapy (PRT) may lessen neurocognitive risk traditionally associated with photon radiotherapy (XRT). We examined change in neurocognitive scores over time in pediatric medulloblastoma patients treated with PRT versus XRT. METHODS Neurocognitive scores from 79 patients (37 PRT, 42 XRT) were examined. Patients were treated between 2007–2018 on the same treatment protocols that differed only by craniospinal modality (PRT versus XRT). Change in scores over time since diagnosis were compared between groups. RESULTS Groups were similar on most demographic/clinical variables: sex (67.1% male), age at diagnosis (mean 8.6 years), CSI dose (median 23.4 Gy), length of follow-up (mean 4.3 years), and parental education (mean 14.3 years). Boost dose (p<0.001) and margin (p=0.001) differed between groups. Adjusting for covariates, the PRT group exhibited superior outcomes in global IQ, perceptual reasoning, and working memory versus the XRT group (all p<0.05). The XRT group exhibited significant decline in global IQ, working memory, and processing speed (all p<0.05). The PRT group exhibited stable scores in all domains except processing speed (p=0.003). Posterior fossa syndrome imparted risk independent of modality. CONCLUSION This is the first study comparing neurocognitive trajectories between pediatric patients treated for medulloblastoma with PRT versus XRT on comparable, contemporary protocols. PRT was associated with more favorable neurocognitive outcomes in most domains compared to XRT, although processing speed emerged as vulnerable in both groups. This is the strongest evidence to date of an intellectual sparing advantage with PRT in the treatment of pediatric medulloblastoma.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Functioning in Youth with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Aliyah Snyder ◽  
Christopher Sheridan ◽  
Alexandra Tanner ◽  
Kevin Bickart ◽  
Molly Sullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neurobehavioral Outcomes ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
End Tidal Co2

Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) may play an important role in the development and maintenance of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). Post-injury breathing dysfunction, which is influenced by the ANS, has not been well-studied in youth. This study evaluated cardiorespiratory functioning at baseline in youth patients with PPCS and examined the relationship of cardiorespiratory variables with neurobehavioral outcomes. Participants were between the ages of 13–25 in two groups: (1) Patients with PPCS (concussion within the past 2–16 months; n = 13) and (2) non-injured controls (n = 12). Capnometry was used to obtain end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), oxygen saturation (SaO2), respiration rate (RR), and pulse rate (PR) at seated rest. PPCS participants exhibited a reduced mean value of EtCO2 in exhaled breath (M = 36.3 mmHg, SD = 2.86 mmHg) and an altered inter-correlation between EtCO2 and RR compared to controls. Neurobehavioral outcomes including depression, severity of self-reported concussion symptoms, cognitive catastrophizing, and psychomotor processing speed were correlated with cardiorespiratory variables when the groups were combined. Overall, results from this study suggest that breathing dynamics may be altered in youth with PPCS and that cardiorespiratory outcomes could be related to a dimension of neurobehavioral outcomes associated with poorer recovery from concussion.

Age of Acquisition Norms for a Large Set of Object Names and Their Relation to Adult Estimates and Other Variables

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 528-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catriona M. Morrison ◽  
Tameron D. Chappell ◽  
Andrew W. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Word Learning ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Objective Measure ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Name Agreement ◽  
Object Familiarity ◽  
The Relationship

Studies of lexical processing have relied heavily on adult ratings of word learning age or age of acquisition, which have been shown to be strongly predictive of processing speed. This study reports a set of objective norms derived in a large-scale study of British children's naming of 297 pictured objects (including 232 from the Snodgrass & Vanderwart, 1980, set). In addition, data were obtained on measures of rated age of acquisition, rated frequency, imageability, object familiarity, picture-name agreement, and name agreement. We discuss the relationship between the objective measure and adult ratings of word learning age. Objective measures should be used when available, but where not, our data suggest that adult ratings provide a reliable and valid measure of real word learning age.

scholarly journals Auditory word recognition across the lifespan

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike K. Blumenfeld ◽  
Scott R. Schroeder ◽  
Susan C. Bobb ◽  
Max R. Freeman ◽  
Viorica Marian
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract Recent research suggests that bilingual experience reconfigures linguistic and nonlinguistic cognitive processes. We examined the relationship between linguistic competition resolution and nonlinguistic cognitive control in younger and older adults who were either bilingual or monolingual. Participants heard words in English and identified the referent among four pictures while eye-movements were recorded. Target pictures (e.g., cab) appeared with a phonological competitor picture (e.g., cat) and two filler pictures. After each eye-tracking trial, priming probes assessed residual activation and inhibition of target and competitor words. When accounting for processing speed, results revealed that age-related changes in activation and inhibition are smaller in bilinguals than in monolinguals. Moreover, younger and older bilinguals, but not monolinguals, recruited similar inhibition mechanisms during word identification and during a nonlinguistic Stroop task. Results suggest that, during lexical access, bilinguals show more consistent competition resolution and recruitment of cognitive control across the lifespan than monolinguals.

scholarly journals Investigating the Longitudinal Relationship Between Subjective Cognitive Complaints and Objective Cognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
Francesca Falzarano ◽  
Karen Siedlecki ◽  
Jillian Minahan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Spatial Visualization ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Memory Functioning ◽  
Valid Predictor ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Complaints

Abstract Research examining the relationship between subjective cognitive complaints and objective cognitive performance has been mixed. Despite the lack of clear evidence demonstrating an association, subjective cognitive complaints are used as a criterion for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and is considered a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. Cross-lagged panel analyses were used in the current study to examine the longitudinal relationships between subjective cognitive complaints (using the Memory Functioning Questionnaire) and objective cognition (e.g., reasoning, memory, spatial visualization, processing speed, and vocabulary) in healthy adults over 60 from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project (N=441). Results indicated that objective and subjective cognition were only weakly related but that objective cognition is a stronger predictor of subjective cognitive complaints then vice versa. Although subjective cognitive complaints may be an early indicator of pathological aging, results indicate that subjective cognitive complaints may not be a valid predictor of objective cognitive decline.

scholarly journals The Four- vs. Alternative Six-Factor Structure of the French WISC-IV

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thierry Lecerf ◽  
Jérôme Rossier ◽  
Nicolas Favez ◽  
Isabelle Reverte ◽  
Laurence Coleaux
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Chc Theory ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Technical Manual ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perceptual Reasoning

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses reported in the French technical manual of the WISC-IV provides evidence supporting a structure with four indices: Verbal Comprehension (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning (PRI), Working Memory (WMI), and Processing Speed (PSI). Although the WISC-IV is more attuned to contemporary theory, it is still not in total accordance with the dominant theory: the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive ability. This study was designed to determine whether the French WISC-IV is better described with the four-factor solution or whether an alternative model based on the CHC theory is more appropriate. The intercorrelations matrix reported in the French technical manual was submitted to confirmatory factor analysis. A comparison of competing models suggests that a model based on the CHC theory fits the data better than the current WISC-IV structure. It appears that the French WISC-IV in fact measures six factors: crystallized intelligence (Gc), fluid intelligence (Gf), short-term memory (Gsm), processing speed (Gs), quantitative knowledge (Gq), and visual processing (Gv). We recommend that clinicians interpret the subtests of the French WISC-IV in relation to this CHC model in addition to the four indices.

scholarly journals The relationship between dual-tasking and processing speed in healthy aging.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-389
Author(s):  
Georgette Argiris ◽  
Sarah E. MacPherson ◽  
Sergio Della Sala ◽  
Jennifer A. Foley
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Dual Tasking ◽  
The Relationship

A-47 The Interplay between Achievement Scores in Math Ability, Visual Working Memory, and Perceptual Reasoning across Race in an Adult Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1088-1088
Author(s):  
D'Shawn L Harrigan ◽  
Kayla Kotalik ◽  
Brittny Arias ◽  
Charles J Golden
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Math Ability ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Perceptual Reasoning ◽  
Z Transformation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Analysis Of Performance

Abstract Objective The aim of this study is to measure the associations between overall math ability, visual working memory, and perceptual reasoning. Method Data stemmed from an ongoing de-identified database aof clinical adults. Participants were administered the WAIS-IV, KM-3, and WMS-IV. The sample consisted of Caucasians (N = 671, M_edu = 14,45.7% males & 52.5% females), African Americans (N = 154, M_edu = 13, 43.5% males & 56.5% females), and Hispanic (N = 194, M_edu = 13,44.8% males & 53.6% females). Participant’s age ranged from 16 to 81, with a mean of 31.06. Results The analysis corrected for age, education, and gender. The relationship between PR and KM-3 was 0.505 for Caucasians, 0.782 for African Americans, and 0.769 for Hispanics, all p < 0.05. A Fisher Z transformation indicated significance on PR and KM-3 between Caucasians and Hispanics, p < 0.001. The relationship between KM-3 and VWM was 0.408 for Caucasians, 0.828 for African Americans, and 0.591 for Hispanics, all p < 0.05. A Fisher Z transformation indicated significance on KM-3 and VWM between Caucasians and African Americans, p = 0.020. The relationship between KM-3 and VP was 0.349 for Caucasians, 0.584 for African Americans, and.733 for Hispanics, all p < 0.05. A Fisher Z transformation indicated significance on KM-3 and VP between Caucasians and Hispanics, p = 0.04. Discussion Closer analysis of performance between race reveals statistically stronger associations between mathematical ability and perceptual/memory tasks that are visuoconstructional in nature for African Americans and Hispanics when compared to Caucasians. The findings of this study may allude to different approach’s African Americans and Hispanics may use (e.g., mental rotation) when solving mathematical computations.

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