Comparison of Microfat, Nanofat and Extracellular Matrix/Stromal Vascular Fraction Gel for Skin Rejuvenation: Basic Research and Clinical Applications

Abstract Background Over the past two decades, fat grafting has been extensively applied in the field of tissue regeneration. Objectives The authors investigated the therapeutic potential of microfat, nanofat and extracellular matrix/stromal vascular fraction gel (SVF-gel) in skin rejuvenation. Methods Microfat was harvested by a cannula with multiple 0.8 mm smooth side holes and processed with a fat stirrer to remove fibers. Nanofat and SVF-gel were prepared according to previously reported methods. We evaluated their structure and viability. Then, stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells from the three types of samples were isolated and characterized, and the cell viability was compared. Results The microstructure of the three samples showed distinct differences. The microfat group showed a diameter of 100 to 120 .0μmunder the microscope and presented abotryoid shape under Calcein-AM/Propidium iodide (AM/PI) staining. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the microfat maintained integral histological structure.In the nanofat group, no viable adipocytes and no normal histological structure were observed, with high levels of free lipids.The SVF-gel group showed uniform dispersion of cells with different sizes and parts of the adipose histological structure. Cell count and culture revealed that the number of viable SVF cells decreased distinctly in the nanofat group compared with the microfat group. In contrast, the number of viable SVF cells in the SVF-gel group increased moderately. Clinical applications with microfat showed marked improvements in skin wrinkles. Conclusions The study showed that the microfat could preserve the integrity of the histological structure and presents the advantages of subcutaneous volumetric restoration and improvement of skin quality in skin rejuvenation compared with the nanofat and SVF-gel.

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Characterized the Adipogenic Capacity of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell, Extracellular Matrix, and Microenvironment With Fat Components Grafting

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2021.723057 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Wenqing Jiang ◽

Junrong Cai ◽

Jingyan Guan ◽

Yunjun Liao ◽

Feng Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Fluorescent Protein ◽

Macrophage Polarization ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽

Fat Grafting ◽

Tissue Integrity ◽

Green Fluorescent

Background: Autologous fat grafting has been a widely used technique; however, the role of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), extracellular matrix (ECM), and microenvironment in fat regeneration are not fully understood.Methods: Lipoaspirates were obtained and processed by inter-syringe shifting to remove adipocytes, yielding an adipocyte-free fat (Aff). Aff was then exposed to lethal dose of radiation to obtain decellularized fat (Df). To further remove microenvironment, Df was rinsed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) yielding rinsed decellularized fat (Rdf). Green fluorescent protein (GFP) lentivirus (LV-GFP)-transfected ASCs were added to Df to generate cell-recombinant decellularized fat (Crdf). Grafts were transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice and harvested over 3 months.Results: Removal of adipocytes (Aff) didn’t compromise the retention of fat grafts, while additional removal of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells (Df) and microenvironment (Rdf) resulted in poor retention by day 90 (Aff, 82 ± 7.1% vs. Df, 28 ± 6.3%; p < 0.05; vs. Rdf, 5 ± 1.2%; p < 0.05). Addition of ASCs to Df (Crdf) partially restored its regenerative potential. Aff and Crdf exhibited rapid angiogenesis and M2-polarized macrophages infiltration, in contrast to impaired angiogenesis and M1-polarized inflammatory pattern in Df. GFP + ASCs participated in angiogenesis and displayed a phenotype of endothelial cells in Crdf.Conclusion: Adipose ECM and microenvironment have the capacity to stimulate early adipogenesis while ECM alone cannot induce adipogenesis in vivo. By directly differentiating into endothelial cells and regulating macrophage polarization, ASCs coordinate early adipogenesis with angiogenesis and tissue remodeling, leading to better long-term retention and greater tissue integrity.

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Fractionation of Adipose Tissue Procedure With a Disposable One-Hole Fractionator

Aesthetic Surgery Journal ◽

10.1093/asj/sjz223 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. NP194-NP201 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Joris A Van Dongen ◽

Olivier F E Gostelie ◽

Lucienne A Vonk ◽

Julia J De Bruijn ◽

Berend Van Der Lei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Intact Cell ◽

Cell Communication ◽

Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽

New Device ◽

Surface Marker Expression ◽

Mechanical Isolation ◽

Colony Forming Capacity

Abstract Background Adipose tissue has been widely used in regenerative surgery for its therapeutic potential. This potential is often ascribed to the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), which can be mechanically isolated. Mechanical isolation results in an SVF that retains intact cell-cell communication including extracellular matrix and is therefore named tissue-SVF (tSVF). Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate a new disposable 1-hole fractionator for fractionation of adipose tissue (FAT), and compare this new device with the existing reusable 3-hole fractionator. Methods The composition of tSVF obtained via the 1-hole fractionator was histologically and histochemically compared to unprocessed adipose tissue. The number of viable nuclear cells in tSVF obtained by the 1-hole and 3-hole fractionators as well as unprocessed adipose tissue were compared after enzymatic isolation and tested for colony-forming capacity. Flow cytometry was used to compare different cell compositions based on surface marker expression between tSVF isolated by the two types of fractionators. Results Fractionation of adipose tissue with the 1-hole fractionator condenses vasculature and extracellular matrix by disrupting adipocytes. The number of viable nuclear cells in tSVF obtained with the two fractionators was comparable and significantly higher than unprocessed lipoaspirate. Furthermore, tSVF isolated by both fractionators showed similar cell compositions and comparable colony-forming capacities. Conclusions FAT with a disposable 1-hole fractionator effectively isolates tSVF with a cell count and cell composition comparable to the fraction obtained with the 3-hole reusable fractionator. The disposable 1-hole fractionator, however, is safer and more user friendly.

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Therapeutic Potential of Curcumin in Breast Cancer: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications

Reports of Radiotherapy and Oncology ◽

10.5812/rro.59228 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Milad Hashemzehi ◽

Soodabeh ShahidSales ◽

Seyed Mahdi Hassanian ◽

Mona Joudi Mashhad ◽

Amir Avan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Basic Research ◽

Clinical Applications

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NIDA's Newest Division Mines Clinical Applications From Basic Research

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e715592007-006 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Debra P. Davis

Keyword(s):

Basic Research ◽

Clinical Applications

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Long-Term Severe In Vitro Hypoxia Exposure Enhances the Vascularization Potential of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cell Engineered Tissues

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22157920 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (15) ◽

pp. 7920

Author(s):

Myroslava Mytsyk ◽

Giulia Cerino ◽

Gregory Reid ◽

Laia Gili Sole ◽

Friedrich S. Eckstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽

Human Adipose Tissue ◽

Bioreactor Culture ◽

Proliferating Cells ◽

Angiogenic Potential ◽

Engineered Tissues

The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) for treating cardiac ischemia strongly depends on their paracrine-mediated effects and their engraftment capacity in a hostile environment such as the infarcted myocardium. Adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells are a mixed population composed mainly of MSC and vascular cells, well known for their high angiogenic potential. A previous study showed that the angiogenic potential of SVF cells was further increased following their in vitro organization in an engineered tissue (patch) after perfusion-based bioreactor culture. This study aimed to investigate the possible changes in the cellular SVF composition, in vivo angiogenic potential, as well as engraftment capability upon in vitro culture in harsh hypoxia conditions. This mimics the possible delayed vascularization of the patch upon implantation in a low perfused myocardium. To this purpose, human SVF cells were seeded on a collagen sponge, cultured for 5 days in a perfusion-based bioreactor under normoxia or hypoxia (21% and <1% of oxygen tension, respectively) and subcutaneously implanted in nude rats for 3 and 28 days. Compared to ambient condition culture, hypoxic tension did not alter the SVF composition in vitro, showing similar numbers of MSC as well as endothelial and mural cells. Nevertheless, in vitro hypoxic culture significantly increased the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (p < 0.001) and the number of proliferating cells (p < 0.00001). Moreover, compared to ambient oxygen culture, exposure to hypoxia significantly enhanced the vessel length density in the engineered tissues following 28 days of implantation. The number of human cells and human proliferating cells in hypoxia-cultured constructs was also significantly increased after 3 and 28 days in vivo, compared to normoxia. These findings show that a possible in vivo delay in oxygen supply might not impair the vascularization potential of SVF- patches, which qualifies them for evaluation in a myocardial ischemia model.

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Sphingolipid lysosomal storage diseases: from bench to bedside

Lipids in Health and Disease ◽

10.1186/s12944-021-01466-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muna Abed Rabbo ◽

Yara Khodour ◽

Laurie S. Kaguni ◽

Johnny Stiban

Keyword(s):

Basic Research ◽

Lysosomal Storage Diseases ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Late Nineteenth Century ◽

Lysosomal Storage ◽

Storage Diseases ◽

The Past ◽

Health And Disease ◽

General Aspects

AbstractJohann Ludwig Wilhelm Thudicum described sphingolipids (SLs) in the late nineteenth century, but it was only in the past fifty years that SL research surged in importance and applicability. Currently, sphingolipids and their metabolism are hotly debated topics in various biochemical fields. Similar to other macromolecular reactions, SL metabolism has important implications in health and disease in most cells. A plethora of SL-related genetic ailments has been described. Defects in SL catabolism can cause the accumulation of SLs, leading to many types of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) collectively called sphingolipidoses. These diseases mainly impact the neuronal and immune systems, but other systems can be affected as well. This review aims to present a comprehensive, up-to-date picture of the rapidly growing field of sphingolipid LSDs, their etiology, pathology, and potential therapeutic strategies. We first describe LSDs biochemically and briefly discuss their catabolism, followed by general aspects of the major diseases such as Gaucher, Krabbe, Fabry, and Farber among others. We conclude with an overview of the available and potential future therapies for many of the diseases. We strive to present the most important and recent findings from basic research and clinical applications, and to provide a valuable source for understanding these disorders.

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Biofunctional Peptide FNIII14: Therapeutic Potential

Encyclopedia ◽

10.3390/encyclopedia1020029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 350-359

Author(s):

Motomichi Fujita ◽

Manabu Sasada ◽

Takuya Iyoda ◽

Satoshi Osada ◽

Hiroaki Kodama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Structure ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Conformational Changes ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Β1 Integrin ◽

Inactive Form ◽

Functional Inactivation ◽

Organ Fibrosis

Biofunctional peptide FNIII14, which is derived from the 14th fibronectin (FN) type III-like (FN-III) repeat of FN molecule, is capable of inhibiting cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM). This functional site is usually buried within the molecular structure of FN, but can be exposed by conformational changes and proteolytic cleavage. Peptide FNIII14 can induce a conformational change in β1-integrin from the active to the inactive form, causing functional inactivation. Based on this anti-adhesive activity, peptide FNIII14 exhibits therapeutic potential for several diseases such as metabolic diseases, organ fibrosis, and malignant tumors. Peptide FNIII14 blocks integrin-mediated signaling by a mechanism entirely distinct from that of conventional antagonisitic peptides, including Arg-Gly-Asp peptides that competitively inhibit the ECM binding of integrin.

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Platelet-Rich Plasma: Principles and Applications in Plastic Surgery

Seminars in Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1693400 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (03) ◽

pp. 155-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amjed Abu-Ghname ◽

Aurelia Trisliana Perdanasari ◽

Matthew J. Davis ◽

Edward M. Reece

Keyword(s):

Plastic Surgery ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

New Technology ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Great Promise ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Skin Rejuvenation ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Reconstructive Plastic Surgery ◽

Reconstructive Plastic

AbstractPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autogenously harvested liquid platelet concentrate extracted from a patient's peripheral blood that contains higher than baseline concentrations of growth factors and cytokines. This innovative new technology has demonstrated great promise in the field of plastic surgery, and its use has been evaluated in several clinical settings including wound healing, hair restoration, and skin rejuvenation. The goal of this article is to explain the biology behind PRP and to review the basic principles involved in its preparation. This will be followed by a discussion of some clinical applications of PRP in both aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery.

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